git init # initialize local repository (create new repository)
git config --global user.name "xxx" # config username
git config --global user.email "xxx@xxx.com" # config email
git commit --amend –reset-author #modify author and mail for last commit
git replace 03f482d6 42627abe #modify author for specific commit
git clone git+ssh://git@192.168.53.168/VT.git #clone remote repository
git status #check current status
git add xyz.txt #add xyz.txt to index
git add . #add current folder’s all files to index
git commit -m 'message content'
git commit --amend -m 'message content' # merge last commit
git commit -am 'xxx' #merge add and commit to one step
git rm xyz.txt # remove xyz.txt from index
git rm -r * #recursive delete
git log #display log
git log -2 #display one item of log, -n means how many
git log --stat #display log and relative files
git log –-pretty=oneline #display log information in oneline style
git log -p -m
git show dfb02e6e4f2f7b572e392818 #show the detail of specified comment
git show dfb02 #可只用commitid的前几位
git show HEAD #显示HEAD提交日志
git show HEAD^ # show parent commit log^^为上两个版本 ^5为上5个版本
git tag #显示已存在的tag
git tag -a v2.0 -m 'xxx' # 增加v2.0的tag
git tag –a v1.1 c3dfg56 –m ”new tag”
git push origin v2.0 # 把v2.0推送到远程仓库
git push --tags # 把所有tag推送到远程仓库
git tag –d v2.0 # delete local tag
git push –-delete origin v2.0 # delete remote tag
git reset –hard v2.0
git show v2.0 #显示v2.0的日志及详细内容
git log v2.0 #显示v2.0的日志
git diff # 显示所有未添加至index的变更
git diff --cached # 显示所有已添加index但还未commit的变更
git diff HEAD^ # 比较与上一个版本的差异
git diff HEAD -- ./lib # 比较与HEAD版本lib目录的差异
git diff origin/master..master # 比较远程分支master上有本地分支master上没有的
git diff origin/master..master --stat # 只显示差异的文件,不显示具体内容
git remote add origin git+ssh://git@192.168.53.168/VT.git # 增加远程定义(用于push/pull/fetch)
git branch # 显示本地分支
git branch --contains 50089 # 显示包含提交50089的分支
git branch feature/test c3dfg56
git branch -a # 显示所有分支
git branch -r # 显示所有原创分支
git branch --merged # 显示所有已合并到当前分支的分支
git branch --no-merged # 显示所有未合并到当前分支的分支
git branch -m master master_copy # 本地分支改名
git checkout -b master_copy # 从当前分支创建新分支master_copy并检出
git checkout -b master master_copy # 上面的完整版
git checkout features/performance # 检出已存在的features/performance分支
git checkout --track hotfixes/BJVEP933 # 检出远程分支hotfixes/BJVEP933并创建本地跟踪分支
git checkout v2.0 # 检出版本v2.0
git checkout -b develop origin/develop #从远程分支develop创建新本地分支devel并检出
git checkout -- README # 检出head版本的README文件(可用于修改错误回退)
git merge origin/master # 合并远程master分支至当前分支
git cherry-pick ff44785404a8e # 合并提交ff44785404a8e的修改
git push origin master # 将当前分支push到远程master分支
git push --set-upstream origin release/cp-core-services-rel-3.x #current branch no upstream branch
git fetch # 获取所有远程分支(不更新本地分支,另需merge)
git fetch --prune # 获取所有原创分支并清除服务器上已删掉的分支
git pull origin master # 获取远程分支master并merge到当前分支
git pull –p #pull from origin with deleted remote branch
git mv README README2 # 重命名文件README为README2
git reset --hard HEAD # 将当前版本重置为HEAD(通常用于merge失败回退)
git reset --hard c3dfg56 #reset current branch to specific commit
git rebase
git branch -d hotfixes/test # 删除本地分支(本分支修改已合并到其他分支)
git branch -D hotfixes/test # 强制删除本地分支hotfixes/test
git push origin --delete hotfix/test #删除remote分支
git ls-files # 列出git index包含的文件
git show-branch # 图示当前分支历史
git show-branch --all # 图示所有分支历史
git whatchanged # 显示提交历史对应的文件修改
git revert dfb02e6e4f2f7b573337763e5c0013802e392818 # 撤销提交dfb02e6e4f2f7b573337763e5c0013802e392818
git ls-tree HEAD # 内部命令:显示某个git对象
git rev-parse v2.0 # 内部命令:显示某个ref对于的SHA1 HASH
git reflog # 显示所有提交,包括孤立节点
git show HEAD@{5}
git show master@{yesterday} # 显示master分支昨天的状态
git log --pretty=format:'%h %s' --graph # 图示提交日志
git show HEAD~3
git show -s --pretty=raw 2be7fcb476
git stash # 暂存当前修改,将所有至为HEAD状态
git stash list # 查看所有暂存
git stash show -p stash@{0} # 参考第一次暂存
git stash apply stash@{0} # 应用第一次暂存
git grep "delete from" # 文件中搜索文本“delete from”
git grep -e '#define' --and -e SORT_DIRENT
git gc
git fsck
git format-patch -1 HEAD
git format-patch -1 1cd79e653d9c2553e18f1027a3b1edd9a7693877
git format-patch -10 HEAD --stdout > 0001-last-10-commits.patch
git apply --stat file.patch #show status before applying
git apply --check file.patch #check for error before applying
git am --signoff file.patch #apply the patch and sign off an applied patch
git blame –L150,+2 Test.java
git log --pretty=short -u -L 150,150:Test.java