Mybaits----简笔随文(1)

1.1Mybatis简介

如何获取mybatis
1:maven 仓库

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
    <version>3.5.6</version>
</dependency>

2:中文文档:mybatis中文文档
3:GitHub:mybatis—GitHub

持久层
(1)数据持久化{
内存,数据库(jdbc),io文件持久化
}
(2)为什么需要持久化
因为不能丢掉,内存太昂贵
(3)持久层
Dao Service层 Controller层
完成持久化的代码块.曾界限十分分明。
(4)为什么需要Mybatis
方便,传统jdbc代码太多复杂,简化,框架自动化
优点:简单易学 使用的人多,灵活,SQL和代码的分离提高了可维护性,有映射标签,支持对象与数据库的orm字段关系映射

2:Mybatis程序
思路–搭建环境–导入mybatis–编码–测试

1:首先我们要搭建数据库

CREATE DATABASE mybatis;-- 创建一个数据库
CREATE TABLE USER(-- 创建一个user表
id INT(10) NOT NULL COMMENT 'ID' PRIMARY KEY  AUTO_INCREMENT ,-- 主键自增,非空
NAME VARCHAR(55) COMMENT'姓名' DEFAULT NULL,
psw VARCHAR(55) COMMENT '密码' DEFAULT NULL
)ENGINE = INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET =utf8

2:我们要创建一个项目
新建一个普通maven项目
删除src目录
导入maven依赖

<!--import dependencies-->
    <dependencies>
        <!--mysql driver-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mybatis-->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--junit-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

创建一个模块
1:编写mybatis的核心配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!--configuration core file-->
<configuration>

    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=false&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="root"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <!--a Mapper.xml need regist in Mybatis core configuration file-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/example/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

2:编写mybatis工具类

package com.example.utils;

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

//SqlSessionFactory -->SqlSession
public class MybatisUtils {

    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
    static {

        try {
            //使用Mybaties第一步：获取sqlSessionFactory对象
            String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
            InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
            sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    //既然有了 SqlSessionFactory，顾名思义，我们可以从中获得 SqlSession 的实例。
    // SqlSession 提供了在数据库执行 SQL 命令所需的所有方法。你可以通过 SqlSession 实例来直接执行已映射的 SQL 语句。
    public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
//        SqlSession sqlSession =  sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
//        return sqlSession;
        return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
    }

}

3:编写代码
实体类

package com.example.pojo;
//实体类
public class User {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String psw;

    public User() {
    }
    public User(int id, String name, String psw) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.psw = psw;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getPsw() {
        return psw;
    }

    public void setPsw(String psw) {
        this.psw = psw;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", psw='" + psw + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

接口

package com.example.Mapper;

import com.example.pojo.User;

import java.util.List;

public interface UserMapper {
    List<User> getUserList();
}

接口实现类由原来的Userxxxmpl转变为一个 Mapper配置文件.


安装以后重启一下Idea就可以了

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.example.Mapper.UserMapper">

        <select id="getUserList" resultType="com.example.pojo.User">
            select * from user
        </select>
</mapper>

4测试
注意点：
如果出现这个错误:org.apache.ibatis.binding.BindingException: Type interface com.kuang.dao.UserDao is not known to the MapperRegistry.
要在核心配置文件中注册 mappers

<!--    在build中配置resources ， 来防止我们资源导出失败的问题-->
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

package MyTest;

import com.example.Mapper.UserMapper;
import com.example.pojo.User;
import com.example.utils.MybatisUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.List;

public class UserMapperTest {
    @Test
    public void test(){
        //第一步，获取SQL session对象、
        SqlSession sqlsession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        //方式一:getMapper
        UserMapper userMapper = sqlsession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        List<User> userList = userMapper.getUserList();

        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
        //关闭sqlsession
        sqlsession.close();
    }

}

你们可以能会遇到的问题：[注意]
1:配置文件没有注册
2:绑定接口错误。
3:方法名不对
4:返回类型不对
5:Maven导出资源问题

5:选择，查询语句
id : 就是对应的namespace中的方法名；
resultType：Sql语句执行的返回值！
parameterType ： 参数类型！

增删改查

package MyTest;

import com.example.Mapper.UserMapper;
import com.example.pojo.User;
import com.example.utils.MybatisUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.List;

public class UserMapperTest {
    @Test
    public void test(){
        //第一步，获取SQL session对象、
        SqlSession sqlsession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        //方式一:getMapper
        UserMapper userMapper = sqlsession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        List<User> userList = userMapper.getUserList();

        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
        //关闭sqlsession
        sqlsession.close();
    }
    @Test
    public void getUserById(){
        //第一步，获取SQL session对象、
        SqlSession sqlsession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper= sqlsession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        User user1=mapper.getUserById(1);
        System.out.println(user1);
        sqlsession.close();
    }
    @Test
    //增删改需要事务
    public void addUser(){
        //第一步，获取SQL session对象、
        SqlSession sqlsession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper= sqlsession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        int res = mapper.addUser(new User(5,"哈哈","890"));
       if (res>0){
           System.out.println("数据插入成功");
       }
        sqlsession.commit();
        sqlsession.close();
    }
    @Test
    public void updataUse(){
        //第一步,获取SQL session对象
        SqlSession sqlSession=MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper =sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        mapper.updataUser(new User(5,"风轻云淡","090"));
        System.out.println("修改完成了");
        sqlSession.commit();
        sqlSession.close();
    }
    @Test
    public void deleteUser(){
        //第一步,获取SqlSession对象
        SqlSession sqlsession=MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlsession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        mapper.deleteUser(4);
        System.out.println("删除数据成功");
        sqlsession.commit();//开启事务.
        sqlsession.close();
    }

}

模糊查询

//模糊查询
    List<User>UserListlke(String name);

<select id="UserListlke"  resultType="com.example.pojo.User">
        select * from user where name like #{name};
    </select>

 public void UserListlke(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper  userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        List<User> userList =userMapper.UserListlke("%木%");
        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }

    }

注意点：

增删改需要提交事务！

sqlsession.commit();

错误的原因有哪些?
1:标签不要匹配错
2:resource 绑定mapper，需要使用路径！
3:程序配置文件必须符合规范！
4:NullPointerException，没有注册到资源!
5:输出的xml文件中存在中文乱码问题！
6:maven资源没有导出问题！