开发中经常需要使用POI来解析Excel表格,这是非常常规的操作。这里简单的分享下POI中HSSF和XSSF来操作Excel。使用POI之前你需要在maven中引入以下依赖:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>3.15-beta2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
<version>3.15-beta2</version>
</dependency>
写个简单的类来测试下使用POI创建表格:
import org.apache.commons.lang.RandomStringUtils;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
/**
* POI创建Excel
*/
public class POICreateExcelTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String []title = {"订单ID","流水号"};
//创建HSSF工作薄
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
//创建一个Sheet页
HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
//创建第一行(一般是表头)
HSSFRow row0 = sheet.createRow(0);
//创建列
HSSFCell cell = null;
//设置表头
for (int i = 0; i <title.length ; i++) {
cell=row0.createCell(i);
cell.setCellValue(title[i]);
}
//填充20行数据
for (int i = 1; i < 20; i++) {
HSSFRow row =sheet.createRow(i);
HSSFCell cell1 = row.createCell(0);
cell1.setCellValue(RandomStringUtils.randomNumeric(18));
HSSFCell cell2 = row.createCell(1);
cell2.setCellValue(RandomStringUtils.randomNumeric(12));
}
//保存到本地
File file = new File("D:/test.xls");
FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
//将Excel写入输出流中
workbook.write(outputStream);
outputStream.flush();
outputStream.close();
}
}
成功创建xls格式的Excel并把内容写入到Excel中。再写个类测试POI解析Excel:
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
/**
* POI解析Excel
*/
public class POIReadExcelTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//读取本地文件
File file = new File("D:/test.xls");
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fis);
HSSFSheet sheet1 = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
//获取当前sheet页的总行数
int totalRowNums = sheet1.getPhysicalNumberOfRows();
for (int i = 0; i < totalRowNums; i++) {
Row row = sheet1.getRow(i);
//获取每一行的总列数
int totalCellNums = row.getPhysicalNumberOfCells();
for (int j = 0; j < totalCellNums; j++) {
Cell cell = row.getCell(j);
String value = getCellValue(cell);
System.out.println(value);
}
}
}
public static String getCellValue(Cell cell) {
if (cell.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN) {
return String.valueOf(cell.getBooleanCellValue());
} else if (cell.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC) {
Double d = cell.getNumericCellValue();
return String.valueOf(d.intValue());
}
return String.valueOf(cell.getStringCellValue());
}
}
可以看到,通过POI的HSSF对象操作excel是xls格式(97-2003版本的Excel的标准后缀),那么我们现在常常见到的往往是xlsx(2007版本以后的office),这就需要使用HSSF的plus版,即POI的XSSF对象来操作Excel了。
改造下刚才创建表格的HSSF为XSSF,换汤不换药:
import org.apache.commons.lang.RandomStringUtils;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
/**
* POI创建Excel
*/
public class POICreateExcelTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String[] title = {"订单ID", "流水号"};
//创建HSSF工作薄
XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
//创建一个Sheet页
XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
//创建第一行(一般是表头)
XSSFRow row0 = sheet.createRow(0);
//创建列
XSSFCell cell = null;
//设置表头
for (int i = 0; i < title.length; i++) {
cell = row0.createCell(i);
cell.setCellValue(title[i]);
}
//填充20行数据
for (int i = 1; i < 20; i++) {
XSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(i);
XSSFCell cell1 = row.createCell(0);
cell1.setCellValue(RandomStringUtils.randomNumeric(18));
XSSFCell cell2 = row.createCell(1);
cell2.setCellValue(RandomStringUtils.randomNumeric(12));
}
//保存到本地
File file = new File("D:/test.xlsx");
FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
//将Excel写入输出流中
workbook.write(outputStream);
outputStream.flush();
outputStream.close();
}
}
还有一点要注意的是,使用HSSF导出时,在poi3.7版本以下时,最大导出量为65536左右,poi版本3.7++以后,更多的使用XSSF对象操作Excel,最大支持百万量级别。
完整的导入导出功能代码参见:Java导入导出功能总结