NewtonSoft.JSON官方手册中文版【连载15】

使用Serialization序列化

IContractResolver接口提供了一种自定义方式，自定义JsonSerializer如何把.NET对象序列化为JSON，以及如何把JSON反序列化为.NET对象，而不需要在你的类上放置任何特性。

任何可以在对象、集合、属性等元素上设置的、使用特性或方法来控制序列化的功能，使用一个IContractResolver来设置。

• DefaultContractResolver
• CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver
• Custom IContractResolver Examples

Note
为了提高性能，你应该创建一次契约解析器，并尽可能重用实例。解析契约很慢，而且IContractResolver的实现通常会缓存契约。

DefaultContractResolver

DefaultContractResolver是Json.NET序列化器所使用的默认解析器。它以可重写的虚拟方法的形式提供了很多扩展扩展途径。

CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver

CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver继承自DefaultContractResolver，简单重写了JSON的属性名称，改成驼峰大小写的形式。

ContractResolver

Product product = new Product
{
  ExpiryDate = new DateTime(2010, 12, 20, 18, 1, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc),
  Name = "Widget",
  Price = 9.99m,
  Sizes = new[] { "Small", "Medium", "Large" }
};
string json =
  JsonConvert.SerializeObject(
      product,
      Formatting.Indented,
      new JsonSerializerSettings { ContractResolver = new CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver() }
      );
//{
//  "name": "Widget",
//  "expiryDate": "2010-12-20T18:01:00Z",
//  "price": 9.99,
//  "sizes": [
//    "Small",
//    "Medium",
//    "Large"
//  ]
//}

自定义IContractResolver的示例

使用JsonConverter配合IContractResolver

public class ConverterContractResolver : DefaultContractResolver
{
  public new static readonly ConverterContractResolver Instance = new ConverterContractResolver();
  protected override JsonContract CreateContract(Type objectType)
  {
      JsonContract contract = base.CreateContract(objectType);
      // this will only be called once and then cached
      if (objectType == typeof(DateTime) || objectType == typeof(DateTimeOffset))
      {
          contract.Converter = new JavaScriptDateTimeConverter();
      }
      return contract;
  }
}

此示例使用一个IContract解析器为一个对象设置了JsonConverter。此处使用一个契约解析器是很有用的，因为DateTime不是你自己的类型，不可能在它上面放一个JsonConvertAttribute。

带有IContractResolver的条件属性

public class ShouldSerializeContractResolver : DefaultContractResolver
{
  public new static readonly ShouldSerializeContractResolver Instance = new ShouldSerializeContractResolver();
  protected override JsonProperty CreateProperty(MemberInfo member, MemberSerialization memberSerialization)
  {
      JsonProperty property = base.CreateProperty(member, memberSerialization);
      if (property.DeclaringType == typeof(Employee) && property.PropertyName == "Manager")
      {
          property.ShouldSerialize =
              instance =>
              {
                  Employee e = (Employee)instance;
                  return e.Manager != e;
              };
      }
      return property;
  }
}

此示例利用IContractResolver设置了针对属性的有条件序列化。如果你想要有条件地序列化一个属性，但是不想对你的类型添加额外的方法，IContractResolver就很有用。