1、垂直对齐
如果你用CSS
,则你会有困惑:我该怎么垂直对齐容器中的元素?现在,利用CSS3
的Transform
,可以很优雅的解决这个困惑:
.verticalcenter{
position: relative;
top: 50%;
-webkit-transform: translateY(-50%);
-o-transform: translateY(-50%);
transform: translateY(-50%);
}
使用这个技巧,从单行文本、段落到box,都会垂直对齐。目前浏览器对Transform
的支持是需要关注的,
Chrome 4
, Opera 10
, Safari 3
, Firefox 3
, and Internet Explorer 9
均支持该属性
2、伸展一个元素到窗口高度
在具体场景中,你可能想要将一个元素伸展到窗口高度,基本元素的调整只能调整容器的大小,因此要使一个元素伸展到窗口高度,
我们需要伸展顶层元素:html
和body
:
html,
body {
height: 100%;
}
然后将100%
应用到任何元素的高
div {
height: 100%;
}
3、基于文件格式使用不同的样式
为了更容易知道链接的目标,有时你想让一些链接看起来和其它的不同。下面的片段在文本链接前添加一个图标,对不同的资源使用不同的图标或图片:
a[href^="http://"]{
padding-right: 20px;
background: url(external.gif) no-repeat center right;
}
/* emails */
a[href^="mailto:"]{
padding-right: 20px;
background: url(email.png) no-repeat center right;
}
/* pdfs */
a[href$=".pdf"]{
padding-right: 20px;
background: url(pdf.png) no-repeat center right;
}
4、创建跨浏览器的图像灰度
灰度有时看起来简约和优雅,能为网站呈现更深层次的色调。在示例中,我们将对一个SVG图像添加灰度过滤:
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<filter id="grayscale">
<feColorMatrix type="matrix" values="0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0.3333 0.3333 0.3333 0 0 0 0 0 1 0"/>
</filter>
</svg>
为了跨浏览器,会用到filter
属性:
img {
filter: url(filters.svg#grayscale); /* Firefox 3.5+ */
filter: gray; /* IE6-9 */
-webkit-filter: grayscale(1); /* Google Chrome, Safari 6+ & Opera 15+ */
}
5、背景渐变动画
CSS
中最具诱惑的一个功能是能添加动画效果,除了渐变,你可以给背景色、透明度、元素大小添加动画。目前,你不能为渐变添加动画,但下面的代码可能有帮助。它通过改变背景位置,让它看起来有动画效果。
button {
background-image: linear-gradient(#5187c4, #1c2f45);
background-size: auto 200%;
background-position: 0 100%;
transition: background-position 0.5s;
}
button:hover {
background-position: 0 0;
}
6、CSS:表格列宽自适用
对于表格,当谈到调整列宽时,是比较痛苦的。然后,这里有一个可以使用的技巧:给td
元素添加white-space: nowrap;
能让文本正确的换行
td {
white-space: nowrap;
}
7、只在一边或两边显示盒子阴影
如果你要一个盒阴影,试试这个技巧,能为任一边添加阴影。为了实现这个,首先定义一个有具体宽高的盒子,然后正确定位:after
伪类。实现底边阴影的代码如下
.box-shadow {
background-color: #FF8020;
width: 160px;
height: 90px;
margin-top: -45px;
margin-left: -80px;
position: absolute;
top: 50%;
left: 50%;
}
.box-shadow:after {
content: "";
width: 150px;
height: 1px;
margin-top: 88px;
margin-left: -75px;
display: block;
position: absolute;
left: 50%;
z-index: -1;
-webkit-box-shadow: 0px 0px 8px 2px #000000;
-moz-box-shadow: 0px 0px 8px 2px #000000;
box-shadow: 0px 0px 8px 2px #000000;
}
8、包裹长文本
如果你碰到一个比自身容器长的文本,这个技巧对你很有用。在这个示例中,默认时,不管容器的宽度,文本都将水平填充。
简单的CSS
代码就能在容器中调整文本:
pre {
white-space: pre-line;
word-wrap: break-word;
}
效果看起来如下:
9、制造模糊文本
想要让文本模糊?可以使用color
透明和text-shadow
实现
.blurry-text {
color: transparent;
text-shadow: 0 0 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
}
10、用CSS动画实现省略号动画
这个片段将帮助你制造一个ellipsis
的动画,对于简单的加载状态是很有用的,而不用去使用gif
图像。
.loading:after {
overflow: hidden;
display: inline-block;
vertical-align: bottom;
animation: ellipsis 2s infinite;
content: "\2026"; /* ascii code for the ellipsis character */
}
@keyframes ellipsis {
from {
width: 2px;
}
to {
width: 15px;
}
}
12、典型的CSS清除浮动
.clearfix:after { content: "."; display: block; clear: both; visibility: hidden; line-height: 0; height: 0; }
.clearfix { display: inline-block; }
html[xmlns] .clearfix { display: block; }
* html .clearfix { height: 1%; }
13、新版清除浮动(2011)
.clearfix:before, .container:after { content: ""; display: table; }
.clearfix:after { clear: both; }
/* IE 6/7 */
.clearfix { zoom: 1; }
14、跨浏览器的透明
.transparent {
filter: alpha(opacity=50); /* internet explorer */
-khtml-opacity: 0.5; /* khtml, old safari */
-moz-opacity: 0.5; /* mozilla, netscape */
opacity: 0.5; /* fx, safari, opera */
}
15、通用媒体查询
/* Smartphones (portrait and landscape) ----------- */
@media only screen
and (min-device-width : 320px) and (max-device-width : 480px) {
/* Styles */
}
/* Smartphones (landscape) ----------- */
@media only screen and (min-width : 321px) {
/* Styles */
}
/* Smartphones (portrait) ----------- */
@media only screen and (max-width : 320px) {
/* Styles */
}
/* iPads (portrait and landscape) ----------- */
@media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) {
/* Styles */
}
/* iPads (landscape) ----------- */
@media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) and (orientation : landscape) {
/* Styles */
}
/* iPads (portrait) ----------- */
@media only screen and (min-device-width : 768px) and (max-device-width : 1024px) and (orientation : portrait) {
/* Styles */
}
/* Desktops and laptops ----------- */
@media only screen and (min-width : 1224px) {
/* Styles */
}
/* Large screens ----------- */
@media only screen and (min-width : 1824px) {
/* Styles */
}
/* iPhone 4 ----------- */
@media only screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:1.5), only screen and (min-device-pixel-ratio:1.5) {
/* Styles */
}
16、为logo隐藏H1
h1 {
text-indent: -9999px;
margin: 0 auto;
width: 320px;
height: 85px;
background: transparent url("images/logo.png") no-repeat scroll;
}
17、图片边框偏光
img.polaroid {
background:#000; /*Change this to a background image or remove*/
border:solid #fff;
border-width:6px 6px 20px 6px;
box-shadow:1px 1px 5px #333; /* Standard blur at 5px. Increase for more depth */
-webkit-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px #333;
-moz-box-shadow:1px 1px 5px #333;
height:200px; /*Set to height of your image or desired div*/
width:200px; /*Set to width of your image or desired div*/
}
18、奇特的CSS引用
.has-pullquote:before {
/* Reset metrics. */
padding: 0;
border: none;
/* Content */
content: attr(data-pullquote);
/* Pull out to the right, modular scale based margins. */
float: right;
width: 320px;
margin: 12px -140px 24px 36px;
/* Baseline correction */
position: relative;
top: 5px;
/* Typography (30px line-height equals 25% incremental leading) */
font-size: 23px;
line-height: 30px;
}
.pullquote-adelle:before {
font-family: "adelle-1", "adelle-2";
font-weight: 100;
top: 10px !important;
}
.pullquote-helvetica:before {
font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
font-weight: bold;
top: 7px !important;
}
.pullquote-facit:before {
font-family: "facitweb-1", "facitweb-2", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
font-weight: bold;
top: 7px !important;
}
19、强制出现垂直滚动条
html { height: 101% }
20、CSS3渐变模板
#colorbox {
background: #629721;
background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, from(#83b842), to(#629721));
background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #83b842, #629721);
background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #83b842, #629721);
background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #83b842, #629721);
background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #83b842, #629721);
background-image: linear-gradient(top, #83b842, #629721);
}
21、@font-face模板
@font-face {
font-family: 'MyWebFont';
src: url('webfont.eot'); /* IE9 Compat Modes */
src: url('webfont.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'), /* IE6-IE8 */
url('webfont.woff') format('woff'), /* Modern Browsers */
url('webfont.ttf') format('truetype'), /* Safari, Android, iOS */
url('webfont.svg#svgFontName') format('svg'); /* Legacy iOS */
}
body {
font-family: 'MyWebFont', Arial, sans-serif;
}
22、缝合CSS3元素
p {
position:relative;
z-index:1;
padding: 10px;
margin: 10px;
font-size: 21px;
line-height: 1.3em;
color: #fff;
background: #ff0030;
-webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px #ff0030, 2px 1px 4px 4px rgba(10,10,0,.5);
-moz-box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px #ff0030, 2px 1px 4px 4px rgba(10,10,0,.5);
box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px #ff0030, 2px 1px 6px 4px rgba(10,10,0,.5);
-webkit-border-radius: 3px;
-moz-border-radius: 3px;
border-radius: 3px;
}
p:before {
content: "";
position: absolute;
z-index: -1;
top: 3px;
bottom: 3px;
left :3px;
right: 3px;
border: 2px dashed #fff;
}
p a {
color: #fff;
text-decoration:none;
}
p a:hover, p a:focus, p a:active {
text-decoration:underline;
}
23、有趣的&
.amp {
font-family: Baskerville, 'Goudy Old Style', Palatino, 'Book Antiqua', serif;
font-style: italic;
font-weight: normal;
}
24、内部CSS3 盒阴影
#mydiv {
-moz-box-shadow: inset 2px 0 4px #000;
-webkit-box-shadow: inset 2px 0 4px #000;
box-shadow: inset 2px 0 4px #000;
}
25、三角形列表项目符号
ul {
margin: 0.75em 0;
padding: 0 1em;
list-style: none;
}
li:before {
content: "";
border-color: transparent #111;
border-style: solid;
border-width: 0.35em 0 0.35em 0.45em;
display: block;
height: 0;
width: 0;
left: -1em;
top: 0.9em;
position: relative;
}
26、跨浏览器设置最小高度
#container {
min-height: 550px;
height: auto !important;
height: 550px;
}
27、CSS3 鲜艳的输入
input[type=text], textarea {
-webkit-transition: all 0.30s ease-in-out;
-moz-transition: all 0.30s ease-in-out;
-ms-transition: all 0.30s ease-in-out;
-o-transition: all 0.30s ease-in-out;
outline: none;
padding: 3px 0px 3px 3px;
margin: 5px 1px 3px 0px;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
}
input[type=text]:focus, textarea:focus {
box-shadow: 0 0 5px rgba(81, 203, 238, 1);
padding: 3px 0px 3px 3px;
margin: 5px 1px 3px 0px;
border: 1px solid rgba(81, 203, 238, 1);
}
28、CSS3对话气泡
.chat-bubble {
background-color: #ededed;
border: 2px solid #666;
font-size: 35px;
line-height: 1.3em;
margin: 10px auto;
padding: 10px;
position: relative;
text-align: center;
width: 300px;
-moz-border-radius: 20px;
-webkit-border-radius: 20px;
-moz-box-shadow: 0 0 5px #888;
-webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 5px #888;
font-family: 'Bangers', arial, serif;
}
.chat-bubble-arrow-border {
border-color: #666 transparent transparent transparent;
border-style: solid;
border-width: 20px;
height: 0;
width: 0;
position: absolute;
bottom: -42px;
left: 30px;
}
.chat-bubble-arrow {
border-color: #ededed transparent transparent transparent;
border-style: solid;
border-width: 20px;
height: 0;
width: 0;
position: absolute;
bottom: -39px;
left: 30px;
}
29、纯CSS背景噪音
body {
background-image: url(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAADIAAAAyCAMAAAAp4XiDAAAAUVBMVEWFhYWDg4N3d3dtbW17e3t1dXWBgYGHh4d5eXlzc3OLi4ubm5uVlZWPj4+NjY19fX2JiYl/f39ra2uRkZGZmZlpaWmXl5dvb29xcXGTk5NnZ2c8TV1mAAAAG3RSTlNAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEAvEOwtAAAFVklEQVR4XpWWB67c2BUFb3g557T/hRo9/WUMZHlgr4Bg8Z4qQgQJlHI4A8SzFVrapvmTF9O7dmYRFZ60YiBhJRCgh1FYhiLAmdvX0CzTOpNE77ME0Zty/nWWzchDtiqrmQDeuv3powQ5ta2eN0FY0InkqDD73lT9c9lEzwUNqgFHs9VQce3TVClFCQrSTfOiYkVJQBmpbq2L6iZavPnAPcoU0dSw0SUTqz/GtrGuXfbyyBniKykOWQWGqwwMA7QiYAxi+IlPdqo+hYHnUt5ZPfnsHJyNiDtnpJyayNBkF6cWoYGAMY92U2hXHF/C1M8uP/ZtYdiuj26UdAdQQSXQErwSOMzt/XWRWAz5GuSBIkwG1H3FabJ2OsUOUhGC6tK4EMtJO0ttC6IBD3kM0ve0tJwMdSfjZo+EEISaeTr9P3wYrGjXqyC1krcKdhMpxEnt5JetoulscpyzhXN5FRpuPHvbeQaKxFAEB6EN+cYN6xD7RYGpXpNndMmZgM5Dcs3YSNFDHUo2LGfZuukSWyUYirJAdYbF3MfqEKmjM+I2EfhA94iG3L7uKrR+GdWD73ydlIB+6hgref1QTlmgmbM3/LeX5GI1Ux1RWpgxpLuZ2+I+IjzZ8wqE4nilvQdkUdfhzI5QDWy+kw5Wgg2pGpeEVeCCA7b85BO3F9DzxB3cdqvBzWcmzbyMiqhzuYqtHRVG2y4x+KOlnyqla8AoWWpuBoYRxzXrfKuILl6SfiWCbjxoZJUaCBj1CjH7GIaDbc9kqBY3W/Rgjda1iqQcOJu2WW+76pZC9QG7M00dffe9hNnseupFL53r8F7YHSwJWUKP2q+k7RdsxyOB11n0xtOvnW4irMMFNV4H0uqwS5ExsmP9AxbDTc9JwgneAT5vTiUSm1E7BSflSt3bfa1tv8Di3R8n3Af7MNWzs49hmauE2wP+ttrq+AsWpFG2awvsuOqbipWHgtuvuaAE+A1Z/7gC9hesnr+7wqCwG8c5yAg3AL1fm8T9AZtp/bbJGwl1pNrE7RuOX7PeMRUERVaPpEs+yqeoSmuOlokqw49pgomjLeh7icHNlG19yjs6XXOMedYm5xH2YxpV2tc0Ro2jJfxC50ApuxGob7lMsxfTbeUv07TyYxpeLucEH1gNd4IKH2LAg5TdVhlCafZvpskfncCfx8pOhJzd76bJWeYFnFciwcYfubRc12Ip/ppIhA1/mSZ/RxjFDrJC5xifFjJpY2Xl5zXdguFqYyTR1zSp1Y9p+tktDYYSNflcxI0iyO4TPBdlRcpeqjK/piF5bklq77VSEaA+z8qmJTFzIWiitbnzR794USKBUaT0NTEsVjZqLaFVqJoPN9ODG70IPbfBHKK+/q/AWR0tJzYHRULOa4MP+W/HfGadZUbfw177G7j/OGbIs8TahLyynl4X4RinF793Oz+BU0saXtUHrVBFT/DnA3ctNPoGbs4hRIjTok8i+algT1lTHi4SxFvONKNrgQFAq2/gFnWMXgwffgYMJpiKYkmW3tTg3ZQ9Jq+f8XN+A5eeUKHWvJWJ2sgJ1Sop+wwhqFVijqWaJhwtD8MNlSBeWNNWTa5Z5kPZw5+LbVT99wqTdx29lMUH4OIG/D86ruKEauBjvH5xy6um/Sfj7ei6UUVk4AIl3MyD4MSSTOFgSwsH/QJWaQ5as7ZcmgBZkzjjU1UrQ74ci1gWBCSGHtuV1H2mhSnO3Wp/3fEV5a+4wz//6qy8JxjZsmxxy5+4w9CDNJY09T072iKG0EnOS0arEYgXqYnXcYHwjTtUNAcMelOd4xpkoqiTYICWFq0JSiPfPDQdnt+4/wuqcXY47QILbgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==);
background-color: #0094d0;
}
30、在可打印的网页中显示URLs
@media print {
a:after {
content: " [" attr(href) "] ";
}
}
31、禁用移动Webkit的选择高亮
body {
-webkit-touch-callout: none;
-webkit-user-select: none;
-khtml-user-select: none;
-moz-user-select: none;
-ms-user-select: none;
user-select: none;
}
32、CSS3 圆点图案
body {
background: radial-gradient(circle, white 10%, transparent 10%),
radial-gradient(circle, white 10%, black 10%) 50px 50px;
background-size: 100px 100px;
}
33、CSS3 方格图案
body {
background-color: white;
background-image: linear-gradient(45deg, black 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 75%, black 75%, black),
linear-gradient(45deg, black 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 75%, black 75%, black);
background-size: 100px 100px;
background-position: 0 0, 50px 50px;
}
34、CSS font属性缩写
p {
font: italic small-caps bold 1.2em/1.0em Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica;
}
35、论文页面的卷曲效果
ul.box {
position: relative;
z-index: 1; /* prevent shadows falling behind containers with backgrounds */
overflow: hidden;
list-style: none;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
ul.box li {
position: relative;
float: left;
width: 250px;
height: 150px;
padding: 0;
border: 1px solid #efefef;
margin: 0 30px 30px 0;
background: #fff;
-webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.27), 0 0 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06) inset;
-moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.27), 0 0 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06) inset;
box-shadow: 0 1px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.27), 0 0 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06) inset;
}
ul.box li:before,
ul.box li:after {
content: '';
z-index: -1;
position: absolute;
left: 10px;
bottom: 10px;
width: 70%;
max-width: 300px; /* avoid rotation causing ugly appearance at large container widths */
max-height: 100px;
height: 55%;
-webkit-box-shadow: 0 8px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
-moz-box-shadow: 0 8px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
box-shadow: 0 8px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
-webkit-transform: skew(-15deg) rotate(-6deg);
-moz-transform: skew(-15deg) rotate(-6deg);
-ms-transform: skew(-15deg) rotate(-6deg);
-o-transform: skew(-15deg) rotate(-6deg);
transform: skew(-15deg) rotate(-6deg);
}
ul.box li:after {
left: auto;
right: 10px;
-webkit-transform: skew(15deg) rotate(6deg);
-moz-transform: skew(15deg) rotate(6deg);
-ms-transform: skew(15deg) rotate(6deg);
-o-transform: skew(15deg) rotate(6deg);
transform: skew(15deg) rotate(6deg);
}
60、带CSS3特色的横幅显示
.featureBanner {
position: relative;
margin: 20px
}
.featureBanner:before {
content: "Featured";
position: absolute;
top: 5px;
left: -8px;
padding-right: 10px;
color: #232323;
font-weight: bold;
height: 0px;
border: 15px solid #ffa200;
border-right-color: transparent;
line-height: 0px;
box-shadow: -0px 5px 5px -5px #000;
z-index: 1;
}
.featureBanner:after {
content: "";
position: absolute;
top: 35px;
left: -8px;
border: 4px solid #89540c;
border-left-color: transparent;
border-bottom-color: transparent;
}
原文链接:http://www.jianshu.com/p/e878122a92a3