linux 笔记

cron:
This will check every day at 12 noon to see if it’s the last day of the month, and if so, it will run the command
00 12 * * * if [ `date +%d -d tomorrow` = 01 ] ; then ; command


linux startup procedure:
the first thing kernel does is to run the init program.
Since the init program (usually located at /sbin/init) is always the first thing to run, the kernel always assigns it PID 1. The init process is then responsible for starting all other processes on the Linux system.

the sed editor doesn’t touch the original file. Any lines you delete are only gone from the output of the sed editor. The original file still contains the ‘‘deleted’’ lines.

Negating character classes
we can use ^ to negate the characters we don't want to be included in the sentenses
sed -n ’/[^ch]at/p’ data6

asterisk:zero or more times
question mark:zero or one time
plus sign:one or more times
{m,n}:occurence times are greater or equal to m and less or equal to n
{m}:exact m times


The matching operator allows you to restrict a regular expression to a specific data field in the
records. The matching operator is the tilde symbol (~).

 

attach a picture demonstrating the memory distribution of process in the linux.

 

usually the process memory space starts at 0x0804700 and ends at 0xc0000000

 

the process memory space consists of text,data(bss(non-initialized data) and initialized global data), heap,user stack,and other sections such as shared memory section and memory map section.

commonly heap sector will move from low address to high address and stack sector will move from high address to low address.