#与##的用法

之前看见ST官方一个老外的风格，看完之后大赞。

看看他是怎么写的:

#ifndef RINGBUFF_HDR_H
#define RINGBUFF_HDR_H
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif

#include <string.h>
#include <stdint.h>

/**
* \defgroup RINGBUFF Ring buffer
* \brief Generic ring buffer manager
* \
{
*/

/* --- Buffer unique part starts --- */
/**
* \brief Buffer function/typedef prefix string
*
* It is used to change function names in zero time to easily re-use same library between applications.
* Use `#define BUF_PREF(x) my_prefix_ ## x` to change all function names to (for example) `my_prefix_buff_init`
*
* \note Modification of this macro must be done in header and source file aswell
*/
#define BUF_PREF(x) ring ## x
/* --- Buffer unique part ends --- */
/**
* \brief Buffer structure
*/

typedef struct {
uint8_t* buff; /*!< Pointer to buffer data.
Buffer is considered initialized when `buff != NULL` and `size` */
size_t size; /*!< Size of buffer data. Size of actual buffer is `1` byte less than value holds */

size_t r; /*!< Next read pointer. Buffer is considered empty when `r == w` and full when `w == r - 1` */
size_t w; /*!< Next write pointer. Buffer is considered empty when `r == w` and full when `w == r - 1` */
} BUF_PREF(buff_t);

uint8_t BUF_PREF(buff_init)(BUF_PREF(buff_t)* buff, void* buffdata, size_t size);
void BUF_PREF(buff_free)(BUF_PREF(buff_t)* buff);
void BUF_PREF(buff_reset)(BUF_PREF(buff_t)* buff);

/* Read/Write functions */
size_t BUF_PREF(buff_write)(BUF_PREF(buff_t)* buff, const void* data, size_t btw);
size_t BUF_PREF(buff_read)(BUF_PREF(buff_t)* buff, void* data, size_t btr);
size_t BUF_PREF(buff_peek)(BUF_PREF(buff_t)* buff, size_t skip_count, void* data, size_t btp);

/* Buffer size information */
size_t BUF_PREF(buff_get_free)(BUF_PREF(buff_t)* buff);
size_t BUF_PREF(buff_get_full)(BUF_PREF(buff_t)* buff);

/* Read data block management */
void * BUF_PREF(buff_get_linear_block_read_address)(BUF_PREF(buff_t)* buff);
size_t BUF_PREF(buff_get_linear_block_read_length)(BUF_PREF(buff_t)* buff);
size_t BUF_PREF(buff_skip)(BUF_PREF(buff_t)* buff, size_t len);

/* Write data block management */
void * BUF_PREF(buff_get_linear_block_write_address)(BUF_PREF(buff_t)* buff);
size_t BUF_PREF(buff_get_linear_block_write_length)(BUF_PREF(buff_t)* buff);
size_t BUF_PREF(buff_advance)(BUF_PREF(buff_t)* buff, size_t len);
#undef BUF_PREF /* Prefix not needed anymore */

/**
* \}
*/

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif /* RINGBUFF_HDR_H */

这个老外实现的是一个环形缓冲，然而他巧妙的将ring这个字串去掉，最后阅读代码看到的是非常整齐的：

BUF_PREF(buffer_init)
BUF_PREF(buff_free)
BUF_PREF(buff_write)
BUF_PREF(buff_read)

等等。。。

#define BUF_PREF(x) ring ## x

"##" 表示将左边的字符串和右边的字符串连接起来，但是只能黏贴C语言除了关键字以外的合法标识符

于是上面展开的效果如下：

ring_buffer_init
ring_buffer_free
ring_buffer_write
ring_buffer_read

等等。。。

那么##和#又有什么区别呢？

##是黏贴字符串

而#表示的是将参数转换为字符串

下面写一个跟#相关的例子:

#include
#define Print(x) printf("%s %d\n",#x,x);
int main(void)
{
    Print(100);
    return 0 ;
}

运行结果: