spring问题：Error creating bean with name 'articleController': Injection of autowired dependencies fail

最近在使用spring的注解@Autowired时，出现了以下错误：

ERROR | ContextLoader-initWebApplicationContext [2015-06-12 15:03:46] - Context initialization failed
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'articleController': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: com.fcy.main.service.ArticleManager com.fcy.main.controller.ArticleController.articleManager; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'articleManager': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: com.fcy.main.service.ArticleManager com.fcy.main.service.ArticleManager.ArticleManager; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [com.fcy.main.service.ArticleManager] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:287)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1106)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:517)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:456)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:294)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:225)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:291)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:193)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:609)
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:918)
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:469)
	at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:383)
	at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:283)
	at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:111)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4992)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5490)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1575)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1565)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: com.fcy.main.service.ArticleManager com.fcy.main.controller.ArticleController.articleManager; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'articleManager': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: com.fcy.main.service.ArticleManager com.fcy.main.service.ArticleManager.ArticleManager; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [com.fcy.main.service.ArticleManager] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:506)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:284)
	... 22 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'articleManager': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: com.fcy.main.service.ArticleManager com.fcy.main.service.ArticleManager.ArticleManager; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [com.fcy.main.service.ArticleManager] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:287)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1106)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:517)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:456)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:294)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:225)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:291)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:193)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.findAutowireCandidates(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:876)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:818)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:735)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:478)
	... 24 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: com.fcy.main.service.ArticleManager com.fcy.main.service.ArticleManager.ArticleManager; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [com.fcy.main.service.ArticleManager] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:506)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:284)
	... 35 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [com.fcy.main.service.ArticleManager] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:952)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:821)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:735)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:478)
	... 37 more

错误提示有一个bean无法注入，明明只是改动了几行代码，bean怎么就无法注入了呢？在网上找了好久，看到一些解决办法都不能解决我的问题，然后实在没办法了，只好硬着头皮从报错的信息上找原因，看到说“articleController”不能注入，然后就找到了这个类，看了好久，没发现问题；然后继续看报错信息，看到创建“articleManager”出错，找到这个类，看了好久，终于发现了错误，代码如下：

@Repository
public class ArticleManager {
	
	@Autowired
	private ArticleDao articleDao;
	@Autowired    //这里注入了ArticleManager自身，导致创建bean出错        
        private ArticleManager ArticleManager;
	
	public long writeArticle(Article article){
		return this.articleDao.addArticle(article);
	}
         //以下代码省略
}

原来是在类中注入了自身，才导致了错误，赶紧删除这两行，重启tomcat，项目就没有再报错了。

出错总结：在做项目时，将别的类中的一段代码复制了过来，当那段代码中要用到ActicleManager类中的方法时，没去注意看当前类就是ActicleManager，而是直接去注入了ActicleManager对象，这才导致了错误。长期以来，开发工具为我们做了好多事，如实时报错。像这次的情况，并没有语法错误，错误导致的原因也很简单，却很容易让人去忽略这个问题，以后写代码还得多加留心。