hand first 设计模式 -组合模式-1

组合模式:允许你将对象组成树形结构来表现"整体/部份"的层次结构.组合能让客户以一致的方式处理个别对象和对象组合.

下面程序的目的是打印所有菜单和子菜单的信息.

菜单和子菜单都继承自MenuComponent,所以在打印信息的时候以一致的方式处理(见组合模式定义).

菜单组件抽象类

public abstract class MenuComponent {

	//添加菜单组件
         public void add(MenuComponent menuComponent) {
		throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
	}

         //删除菜单组件
	public void remove(MenuComponent menuComponent) {
		throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
	}

         //获取菜单组件
         public MenuComponent getChild(int i) {
		throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
	}

	// 菜单项名字
         public String getName() {
		throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
	}
         // 菜单项描述
	public String getDescription() {
		throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
	}
         // 菜单项价格
	public double getPrice() {
		throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
	}
         //是否为素食
	public boolean isVegetarian() {
		throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
	}
         //打印
	public void print() {
		throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
	}
}

菜单

public class Menu extends MenuComponent {
	ArrayList menuComponents = new ArrayList();
	String name;
	String description;

	public Menu(String name, String description) {
		this.name = name;
		this.description = description;
	}

	public void add(MenuComponent menuComponent) {
		menuComponents.add(menuComponent);
	}

	public void remove(MenuComponent menuComponent) {
		menuComponents.remove(menuComponent);
	}

	public MenuComponent getChild(int i) {
		return (MenuComponent)menuComponents.get(i);
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public String getDescription() {
		return description;
	}

	public void print() {
		System.out.print("\n" + getName());
		System.out.println(", " + getDescription());
		System.out.println("---------------------");

		Iterator iterator = menuComponents.iterator();
		while (iterator.hasNext()) {
			MenuComponent menuComponent = 
				(MenuComponent)iterator.next();
			 //如果是子菜单会利用递归的方式继续子菜单的订单信息.和子菜单全部菜单项的信息.如果是菜单项直接输出信息.关键就是菜单和菜单项作为同一类型的对象处理.给程序带来很大的简便性
                            menuComponent.print();
		}
	}
}

//菜单项

public class MenuItem extends MenuComponent {
	String name;
	String description;
	boolean vegetarian;
	double price;

	public MenuItem(String name, 
	                String description, 
	                boolean vegetarian, 
	                double price) 
	{ 
		this.name = name;
		this.description = description;
		this.vegetarian = vegetarian;
		this.price = price;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public String getDescription() {
		return description;
	}

	public double getPrice() {
		return price;
	}

	public boolean isVegetarian() {
		return vegetarian;
	}

	public void print() {
		System.out.print("  " + getName());
		if (isVegetarian()) {
			System.out.print("(v)");
		}
		System.out.println(", " + getPrice());
		System.out.println("     -- " + getDescription());
	}
}

//服务员

public class Waitress {
	MenuComponent allMenus;

	public Waitress(MenuComponent allMenus) {
		this.allMenus = allMenus;
	}

	public void printMenu() {
		allMenus.print();
	}
}

测试类

public class MenuTestDrive {
	public static void main(String args[]) {
		MenuComponent pancakeHouseMenu = 
			new Menu("PANCAKE HOUSE MENU", "Breakfast");
		MenuComponent dinerMenu = 
			new Menu("DINER MENU", "Lunch");
		MenuComponent cafeMenu = 
			new Menu("CAFE MENU", "Dinner");
		MenuComponent dessertMenu = 
			new Menu("DESSERT MENU", "Dessert of course!");
		MenuComponent coffeeMenu = new Menu("COFFEE MENU", "Stuff to go with your afternoon coffee");

		MenuComponent allMenus = new Menu("ALL MENUS", "All menus combined");

		allMenus.add(pancakeHouseMenu);
		allMenus.add(dinerMenu);
		allMenus.add(cafeMenu);

		pancakeHouseMenu.add(new MenuItem(
			"K&B's Pancake Breakfast", 
			"Pancakes with scrambled eggs, and toast", 
			true,
			2.99));
		pancakeHouseMenu.add(new MenuItem(
			"Regular Pancake Breakfast", 
			"Pancakes with fried eggs, sausage", 
			false,
			2.99));
		pancakeHouseMenu.add(new MenuItem(
			"Blueberry Pancakes",
			"Pancakes made with fresh blueberries, and blueberry syrup",
			true,
			3.49));
		pancakeHouseMenu.add(new MenuItem(
			"Waffles",
			"Waffles, with your choice of blueberries or strawberries",
			true,
			3.59));

		dinerMenu.add(new MenuItem(
			"Vegetarian BLT",
			"(Fakin') Bacon with lettuce & tomato on whole wheat", 
			true, 
			2.99));
		dinerMenu.add(new MenuItem(
			"BLT",
			"Bacon with lettuce & tomato on whole wheat", 
			false, 
			2.99));
		dinerMenu.add(new MenuItem(
			"Soup of the day",
			"A bowl of the soup of the day, with a side of potato salad", 
			false, 
			3.29));
		dinerMenu.add(new MenuItem(
			"Hotdog",
			"A hot dog, with saurkraut, relish, onions, topped with cheese",
			false, 
			3.05));
		dinerMenu.add(new MenuItem(
			"Steamed Veggies and Brown Rice",
			"Steamed vegetables over brown rice", 
			true, 
			3.99));

		dinerMenu.add(new MenuItem(
			"Pasta",
			"Spaghetti with Marinara Sauce, and a slice of sourdough bread",
			true, 
			3.89));

		dinerMenu.add(dessertMenu);

		dessertMenu.add(new MenuItem(
			"Apple Pie",
			"Apple pie with a flakey crust, topped with vanilla icecream",
			true,
			1.59));

		dessertMenu.add(new MenuItem(
			"Cheesecake",
			"Creamy New York cheesecake, with a chocolate graham crust",
			true,
			1.99));
		dessertMenu.add(new MenuItem(
			"Sorbet",
			"A scoop of raspberry and a scoop of lime",
			true,
			1.89));

		cafeMenu.add(new MenuItem(
			"Veggie Burger and Air Fries",
			"Veggie burger on a whole wheat bun, lettuce, tomato, and fries",
			true, 
			3.99));
		cafeMenu.add(new MenuItem(
			"Soup of the day",
			"A cup of the soup of the day, with a side salad",
			false, 
			3.69));
		cafeMenu.add(new MenuItem(
			"Burrito",
			"A large burrito, with whole pinto beans, salsa, guacamole",
			true, 
			4.29));

		cafeMenu.add(coffeeMenu);

		coffeeMenu.add(new MenuItem(
			"Coffee Cake",
			"Crumbly cake topped with cinnamon and walnuts",
			true,
			1.59));
		coffeeMenu.add(new MenuItem(
			"Bagel",
			"Flavors include sesame, poppyseed, cinnamon raisin, pumpkin",
			false,
			0.69));
		coffeeMenu.add(new MenuItem(
			"Biscotti",
			"Three almond or hazelnut biscotti cookies",
			true,
			0.89));

		Waitress waitress = new Waitress(allMenus);

		waitress.printMenu();
	}
}