centos6
1.查看是否已安装iptables
rpm -qa|grep iptables
2.查看iptables是否运行:
iptables -L
如果看到是空的,则没有运行,如果看到有内容输出则已经有iptables的保护了
3.启动iptables
service iptables restart (PATH中加入了/sbin/)或者 /etc/init.d/iptables restart
4.添加防火墙端口规则
vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 具体要开放的端口 -j ACCEPT
此行要添加在默认的22端口那行下面
#特别提示:很多网友把这两条规则添加到防火墙配置的最后一行,导致防火墙启动失败
#正确的应该是添加到默认的22端口这条规则的下面,添加好之后防火墙规则如下所示:
#########################################################
# Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall
# Manual customization of this file is not recommended.
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 6379 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT
#########################################################
5.开关防火墙
1) 重启后生效
开启: chkconfig iptables on
关闭: chkconfig iptables off
2) 即时生效,重启后失效
开启: service iptables start
关闭: service iptables stop
centos7
centos7自带防火墙是firewall
systemctl stop firewalld.service #停止firewall
systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止firewall开机启动