比较6个.NET控制反转(DI/IoC)框架

1. 授权与程序大小

   框架	版本	授权	最少dll引用	大小(KB)
   Castle	RC3	Apache  2	2	192
   Unity	1.1	MS-PL	2	120
   Ninject	1.0	Apache 2	1 (2 : autowiring)	147 (154)
   Autofac	1.2.7	MIT	1	110
   StructureMap	2.4.9.0	Apache  2	1	164
   Spring.Net	1.1.2	Apache  2	2-3	728

2. 配置

   框架	Fluent registration	自动注册	使用Attribute	使用XML
   Castle	in trunk only	有限, 将被废除	支持, 非必须	支持, 非必须
   Unity	yes	不支持	支持, 非必须	支持, 非必须
   Ninject	yes	支持	支持, 非必须	不支持, 可实现
   Autofac	yes	在网站上以范例提供	不支持, 不需要	支持, 非必须
   StructureMap	yes	支持	支持, 非必须	支持, 非必须
   Spring.Net	method chaining only	不支持	不包含, 可实现, 下个版本支持	支持, 非必须, 推荐

3. 基本注入与自动连线

   框架	属性注入	构造器注入	多个构造器	循环依赖
   Castle	支持	yes	most resolvable parameters	meaningful error
   Unity	需要代码，特性或XML, mandatory dependency	yes	hardcoded, attributed or most parameters	stack overflow
   Ninject	需要Attribute, automatic with official extension	yes	attributed or default, most resolvable parameters with official extension	stack overflow
   Autofac	yes (opt-in)	yes	most resolvable parameters	meaningful error
   StructureMap	需要Attribute或XML, mandatory dependency	yes	attributed or most parameters	stack overflow
   Spring.Net	yes (opt-in)	yes	hardcoded signature, default, if no default then most resolvable parameters	stack overflow

4. 生命周期
   

   框架	单例	短暂的	其它/自定义	自定义实例
   Castle	yes	yes	yes, pluggable	支持
   Unity	yes	yes	yes, pluggable	支持
   Ninject	yes	yes	yes, pluggable	支持
   Autofac	yes	yes	yes, pluggable	支持
   StructureMap	yes	yes	yes, pluggable	支持, 支持prototypes (cloning)
   Spring.Net	yes	yes	yes, pluggable	supported

5. 高级resolution

   框架	Open generics injection	List injection	Unregistered resolution
   Castle	supported	not included, implementable (but hard to implement correctly)	not supported, no good workarounds
   Unity	supported	not included, probably implementable	yes
   Ninject	supported	not included, probably implementable	yes
   Autofac	supported, requires explicit registration	not included, probably implementable	requires special opt-in
   StructureMap	supported	works at least for arrays, haven't found documentation anywhere	yes
   Spring.Net	not supported, no easy workaround	documented, not working in current version (bug)	either not supported or not easy

6. 总况

   框架	Auto-mocking	特殊功能	特殊问题
   Castle	not included, implementable		rare releases, some major features trunk-only for some time
   Unity	not included, implementable		no
   Ninject	not included, probably implementable	contextual bindings	problems referencing under .NET 3.5 (ExtensionAttribute defined twice)
   Autofac	in Contrib, linked from home page (NMock2)	container hierarchies/tagging, expression constructors	no
   StructureMap	included (NMock)		documentation/samples a bit obscuring the existence of non-static API
   Spring.Net	not included, probably implementable		complex registration API, XML (verbose) encouraged