爬虫进阶（2）

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-01 18:48:10 发布

fengbansha

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-01 18:48:10 发布

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分类专栏：爬虫

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/fengbansha/article/details/85134318

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test_data = """
        <div>
            <ul>
                 <li class="item-0"><a href="link1.html" id="places_neighbours__row">9,596,960first item</a></li>
                 <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
                 <li class="item-inactive"><a href="link3.html">third item</a></li>
                 <li class="item-1"><a href="link4.html" id="places_neighbours__row">fourth item</a></li>
                 <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
                 <li class="good-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
             </ul>
             <book>
                    <title lang="aaengbb">Harry Potter</title>
                    <price id="places_neighbours__row">29.99</price>
            </book>
            <book>
                <title lang="zh">Learning XML</title>
                <price>39.95</price>
            </book>
            <book>
                <title>Python</title>
                <price>40</price>
            </book>
         </div>
        """

import re
import json
import lxml.html
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

"""
/ 从根标签开始  必须具有严格的父子关系
// 从当前标签   后续节点含有即可选出
* 通配符 ，选择所有
//div/book[1]/title 选择div下第一个book标签的title元素
//div/book/title[@lang='zh'] 选择title属性含有lang且内容是zh的title元素
//div/book/title  //book/title  //title  具有相同的结果，因为使用相对路径最终指向title
//book/title/@* 将title所有的属性选择出来
//book/title/text() 将title的内容选择出来，使用内置text（）函数
//a[@href="link1.html" and @id="places_neighbours__row"]
//a[@href="link1.html" or @id="places_neighbours__row"]
//div/book[last()]/title/text() 将最后一个book元素选出
//div/book[price > 39]/title 将book子标签price数值大于39的选出
//li[starts-with(@class,'item')] 将class属性前缀是item的li标签选出
//title[starts-with(@lang,'eng')] 将title属性lang含有eng关键字的标签选出
"""
html = lxml.html.fromstring(test_data)
html_data = html.xpath("//div/ul/li/a[@href='link1.html']")
html_data = html.xpath("//div/ul/li/a[@id]")
html_data = html.xpath("//div/ul/li[2]/a")
html_data = html.xpath("//div/book/title")
html_data = html.xpath("//book/title")
html_data = html.xpath("//title")
html_data = html.xpath("//book/title/text()")
html_data = html.xpath('//a[@href="link1.html" and @id="places_neighbours__row"]')
html_data = html.xpath('//a[@href="link1.html" and @id="places_neighbours__row"]/@href')
html_data = html.xpath("//div/book[last()]/title/text()")
html_data = html.xpath("//div/book[price > 39]/title/text()")
# print(dir(html_data[0]))
for i in html_data:
    print(i)