Java8新特性之Stream

       Java 8 API添加了一个新的抽象称为流Stream，可以让你以一种声明的方式处理数据。Stream 使用一种类似用 SQL 语句从数据库查询数据的直观方式来提供一种对 Java 集合运算和表达的高阶抽象。Stream API可以极大提高Java程序员的生产力，让程序员写出高效率、干净、简洁的代码。这种风格将要处理的元素集合看作一种流， 流在管道中传输， 并且可以在管道的节点上进行处理， 比如筛选， 排序，聚合等。元素流在管道中经过中间操作（intermediate operation）的处理，最后由最终操作(terminal operation)得到前面处理的结果。

上代码：

/**
 * 创建学生实体类
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class Student {
	
	/**姓名*/
	private  String  name;
	/**学号*/
	private  int    stuNo;
	/**名次*/
	private  int    orderNum;
	/**分数*/
	private  int    score;
	
	
	public Student() {
		super();
	}
	
	public Student(String name, int stuNo, int orderNum, int score) {
		super();
		this.name = name;
		this.stuNo = stuNo;
		this.orderNum = orderNum;
		this.score = score;
	}
	
}

Stream操作工具类

public class StremUtils {
	
	/**
	 * 构造列表集合
	 * @return
	 */
	public  static  List<Student>  initList() {
		List<Student>  stuList=new ArrayList<Student>();
		Student  stu1=new Student("林志玲",1,6,400);
		Student  stu2=new Student("张钧甯",2,1,650);
		Student  stu3=new Student("张碧晨",3,4,500);
		Student  stu4=new Student("赵丽颖",4,3,550);
		Student  stu5=new Student("刘萍萍",5,5,450);
		Student  stu6=new Student("刘翠翠",6,2,550);
		stuList.add(stu1);
		stuList.add(stu2);
		stuList.add(stu3);
		stuList.add(stu4);
		stuList.add(stu5);
		stuList.add(stu6);
		return stuList;		
	}
	
	/**
	 * 构造键值对集合
	 * @return
	 */
	public  static  Map<Integer,Student>  initMap() {
		Map<Integer,Student>  map=new HashMap<Integer, Student>();
		Student  stu1=new Student("林志玲",1,6,400);
		Student  stu2=new Student("张钧甯",2,1,650);
		Student  stu3=new Student("张碧晨",3,4,500);
		Student  stu4=new Student("赵丽颖",4,3,550);
		Student  stu5=new Student("刘萍萍",5,5,450);
		Student  stu6=new Student("刘翠翠",6,2,600);
		map.put(1,stu1);
		map.put(2,stu2);
		map.put(3,stu3);
		map.put(4,stu4);
		map.put(5,stu5);
		map.put(6,stu6);
		return map;		
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * stream计算过滤fliter
	 */
	public  static  void  streamFliter() {
		List<Student> initList = initList();
		//后去stream计算对象
		Stream<Student> stream = initList.stream();
		//计算出成绩高于550的学生
		Stream<Student> filter = stream.filter(s->s.getScore()>=550);
		//终止计算
		filter.forEach(s->System.out.println(s.toString()));
		
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * stream计算元素映射map，获取指定字段
	 */
	public  static  void  streamMap() {
		List<Student> initList = initList();
		//后去stream计算对象
		Stream<Student> stream = initList.stream();
		//过滤操作 输出学号和名字
	   stream.map(s->s.getStuNo()+":"+s.getName()).forEach(System.out::println);;
	}
	
	/**
	 * stream计算指定流limit
	 */
	public  static  void  streamLimit() {
		List<Student> initList = initList();
		//后去stream计算对象
		Stream<Student> stream = initList.stream();
		//输出学号和名字
	   stream.limit(3).forEach(System.out::println);
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * stream计算排序sorted
	 */
	public  static  void  streamSorted() {
		List<Student> initList = initList();
		//后去stream计算对象
		Stream<Student> stream = initList.stream();
		//按照排名升序输出
	   stream.sorted((s1,s2)->s1.getOrderNum()-s2.getOrderNum()).forEach(System.out::println);
	}
	
	

	/**
	 * stream计算并行处理parallel
	 */
	public  static  void  streamParallel() {
		List<Student> initList = initList();
		//后去stream计算对象
		Stream<Student> stream = initList.parallelStream();
		//并行处理流，过滤姓名中含有姓张的
	    stream.filter(s->s.getName().contains("张")).forEach(System.out::println);
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * stream计算聚合操作Collectors
	 */
	public  static  void  streamCollectors() {
		List<Student> initList = initList();
		//后去stream计算对象
		Stream<Student> stream = initList.stream();
		//将所有人的名字转为集合
	    stream.map(s->s.getName()).collect(Collectors.toList());
	    //将所有人的名字用#拼接
	    Stream<Student> stream1 = initList.stream();
	    String collect = stream1.map(s->s.getName()).collect(Collectors.joining("#"));
	    System.out.println(collect);
	}
	
	/**
	 * stream计算统计SummaryStatistics
	 * 主要用于int、double、long等基本类型上，它们可以用来产生类似如下的统计结
	 */
	public  static  void  streamSummaryStatistics() {
		List<Student> initList = initList();
		//对所有学生的成绩求和
		Stream<Student> stream = initList.stream();
		IntSummaryStatistics summaryStatistics = stream.mapToInt(s->s.getScore()).summaryStatistics();
		long sum = summaryStatistics.getSum();
		 System.out.println(sum);
	}
	
}


    /**
     * 扁平化操作  将过个集合降阶到一个集合
     */
    public   static void   streamFlatMap(){
        List<List<String>>  list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(CollectionUtils.arrayToList(new String[]{"1","2"}));
        list.add(CollectionUtils.arrayToList(new String[]{"3","4","5"}));
        list.add(CollectionUtils.arrayToList(new String[]{"6","7","8","9"}));
        List<String> collect = list.stream().flatMap(Collection::stream).collect(Collectors.toList());
        collect.forEach(System.out::println);
    }

运行

	public static void main(String[] args) {

        StremUtils.streamFliter();
	    StremUtils.streamMap();
		StremUtils.streamLimit();
		StremUtils.streamSorted();
		StremUtils.streamParallel();
		StremUtils.streamCollectors();
		StremUtils.streamSummaryStatistics();
		
      }