一、mysqldump导出数据
1、导出数据库表结构
mysqldump -uroot -proot -d test_db > /home/test_db.sql
2、到出数据库表数据
mysqldump -uroot -proot -t test_db > /home/test_db.sql
3、导出数据库表结构和数据
mysqldump -uroot -proot test_db > /home/test_db.sql
4、导出单表结构
mysqldump -uroot -proot --set-gtid-purged=OFF -d test_db t_user>'/home/t_user.sql'
5、导出单表数据
mysqldump -uroot -proot -t test_db t_user>/home/t_user.sql
6、导出单表结构和数据
mysqldump -uroot -proot --set-gtid-purged=OFF test_db t_user>'/home/sys_user.sql'
二、select导出数据
1、secure_file_priv
查看secure_file_priv是否允许把数据导出到任何目录
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%secure_file_priv%';
如果为NULL,则在my.cnf配置文件中配置想要导出的的目录即可
2、导出表数据
SELECT * FROM t_user INTO OUTFILE '/var/lib/mysql-files/t_user.sql';
三、导入数据
1、方式一:load data
LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE '/var/lib/mysql-files/t_user.sql' INTO TABLE t_user LINES TERMINATED BY '\r\n';
2、方式二:mysql
mysql -uroot -p test_db < t_user.sql
3、方式三:insert into
INSERT INTO t_user_back(id,name) SELECT id,name FROM t_user;
四、mysqldump参数
Option Name | Description | Introduced | Deprecated |
---|---|---|---|
--add-drop-database | Add DROP DATABASE statement before each CREATE DATABASE statement | ||
--add-drop-table | Add DROP TABLE statement before each CREATE TABLE statement | ||
--add-drop-trigger | Add DROP TRIGGER statement before each CREATE TRIGGER statement | ||
--add-locks | Surround each table dump with LOCK TABLES and UNLOCK TABLES statements | ||
--all-databases | Dump all tables in all databases | ||
--allow-keywords | Allow creation of column names that are keywords | ||
--apply-replica-statements | Include STOP REPLICA prior to CHANGE REPLICATION SOURCE TO statement and START REPLICA at end of output | 8.0.26 | |
--apply-slave-statements | Include STOP SLAVE prior to CHANGE MASTER statement and START SLAVE at end of output | 8.0.26 | |
--bind-address | Use specified network interface to connect to MySQL Server | ||
--character-sets-dir | Directory where character sets are installed | ||
--column-statistics | Write ANALYZE TABLE statements to generate statistics histograms | ||
--comments | Add comments to dump file | ||
--compact | Produce more compact output | ||
--compatible | Produce output that is more compatible with other database systems or with older MySQL servers | ||
--complete-insert | Use complete INSERT statements that include column names | ||
--compress | Compress all information sent between client and server | 8.0.18 | |
--compression-algorithms | Permitted compression algorithms for connections to server | 8.0.18 | |
--create-options | Include all MySQL-specific table options in CREATE TABLE statements | ||
--databases | Interpret all name arguments as database names | ||
--debug | Write debugging log | ||
--debug-check | Print debugging information when program exits | ||
--debug-info | Print debugging information, memory, and CPU statistics when program exits | ||
--default-auth | Authentication plugin to use | ||
--default-character-set | Specify default character set | ||
--defaults-extra-file | Read named option file in addition to usual option files | ||
--defaults-file | Read only named option file | ||
--defaults-group-suffix | Option group suffix value | ||
--delete-master-logs | On a replication source server, delete the binary logs after performing the dump operation | 8.0.26 | |
--delete-source-logs | On a replication source server, delete the binary logs after performing the dump operation | 8.0.26 | |
--disable-keys | For each table, surround INSERT statements with statements to disable and enable keys | ||
--dump-date | Include dump date as "Dump completed on" comment if --comments is given | ||
--dump-replica | Include CHANGE REPLICATION SOURCE TO statement that lists binary log coordinates of replica's source | 8.0.26 | |
--dump-slave | Include CHANGE MASTER statement that lists binary log coordinates of replica's source | 8.0.26 | |
--enable-cleartext-plugin | Enable cleartext authentication plugin | ||
--events | Dump events from dumped databases | ||
--extended-insert | Use multiple-row INSERT syntax | ||
--fields-enclosed-by | This option is used with the --tab option and has the same meaning as the corresponding clause for LOAD DATA | ||
--fields-escaped-by | This option is used with the --tab option and has the same meaning as the corresponding clause for LOAD DATA | ||
--fields-optionally-enclosed-by | This option is used with the --tab option and has the same meaning as the corresponding clause for LOAD DATA | ||
--fields-terminated-by | This option is used with the --tab option and has the same meaning as the corresponding clause for LOAD DATA | ||
--flush-logs | Flush MySQL server log files before starting dump | ||
--flush-privileges | Emit a FLUSH PRIVILEGES statement after dumping mysql database | ||
--force | Continue even if an SQL error occurs during a table dump | ||
--get-server-public-key | Request RSA public key from server | ||
--help | Display help message and exit | ||
--hex-blob | Dump binary columns using hexadecimal notation | ||
--host | Host on which MySQL server is located | ||
--ignore-error | Ignore specified errors | ||
--ignore-table | Do not dump given table | ||
--include-master-host-port | Include MASTER_HOST/MASTER_PORT options in CHANGE MASTER statement produced with --dump-slave | 8.0.26 | |
--include-source-host-port | Include SOURCE_HOST and SOURCE_PORT options in CHANGE REPLICATION SOURCE TO statement produced with --dump-replica | 8.0.26 | |
--insert-ignore | Write INSERT IGNORE rather than INSERT statements | ||
--lines-terminated-by | This option is used with the --tab option and has the same meaning as the corresponding clause for LOAD DATA | ||
--lock-all-tables | Lock all tables across all databases | ||
--lock-tables | Lock all tables before dumping them | ||
--log-error | Append warnings and errors to named file | ||
--login-path | Read login path options from .mylogin.cnf | ||
--master-data | Write the binary log file name and position to the output | 8.0.26 | |
--max-allowed-packet | Maximum packet length to send to or receive from server | ||
--mysqld-long-query-time | Session value for slow query threshold | 8.0.30 | |
--net-buffer-length | Buffer size for TCP/IP and socket communication | ||
--network-timeout | Increase network timeouts to permit larger table dumps | ||
--no-autocommit | Enclose the INSERT statements for each dumped table within SET autocommit = 0 and COMMIT statements | ||
--no-create-db | Do not write CREATE DATABASE statements | ||
--no-create-info | Do not write CREATE TABLE statements that re-create each dumped table | ||
--no-data | Do not dump table contents | ||
--no-defaults | Read no option files | ||
--no-set-names | Same as --skip-set-charset | ||
--no-tablespaces | Do not write any CREATE LOGFILE GROUP or CREATE TABLESPACE statements in output | ||
--opt | Shorthand for --add-drop-table --add-locks --create-options --disable-keys --extended-insert --lock-tables --quick --set-charset | ||
--order-by-primary | Dump each table's rows sorted by its primary key, or by its first unique index | ||
--password | Password to use when connecting to server | ||
--password1 | First multifactor authentication password to use when connecting to server | 8.0.27 | |
--password2 | Second multifactor authentication password to use when connecting to server | 8.0.27 | |
--password3 | Third multifactor authentication password to use when connecting to server | 8.0.27 | |
--pipe | Connect to server using named pipe (Windows only) | ||
--plugin-authentication-kerberos-client-mode | Permit GSSAPI pluggable authentication through the MIT Kerberos library on Windows | 8.0.32 | |
--plugin-dir | Directory where plugins are installed | ||
--port | TCP/IP port number for connection | ||
--print-defaults | Print default options | ||
--protocol | Transport protocol to use | ||
--quick | Retrieve rows for a table from the server a row at a time | ||
--quote-names | Quote identifiers within backtick characters | ||
--replace | Write REPLACE statements rather than INSERT statements | ||
--result-file | Direct output to a given file | ||
--routines | Dump stored routines (procedures and functions) from dumped databases | ||
--server-public-key-path | Path name to file containing RSA public key | ||
--set-charset | Add SET NAMES default_character_set to output | ||
--set-gtid-purged | Whether to add SET @@GLOBAL.GTID_PURGED to output | ||
--shared-memory-base-name | Shared-memory name for shared-memory connections (Windows only) | ||
--show-create-skip-secondary-engine | Exclude SECONDARY ENGINE clause from CREATE TABLE statements | 8.0.18 | |
--single-transaction | Issue a BEGIN SQL statement before dumping data from server | ||
--skip-add-drop-table | Do not add a DROP TABLE statement before each CREATE TABLE statement | ||
--skip-add-locks | Do not add locks | ||
--skip-comments | Do not add comments to dump file | ||
--skip-compact | Do not produce more compact output | ||
--skip-disable-keys | Do not disable keys | ||
--skip-extended-insert | Turn off extended-insert | ||
--skip-generated-invisible-primary-key | Do not include generated invisible primary keys in dump file | 8.0.30 | |
--skip-opt | Turn off options set by --opt | ||
--skip-quick | Do not retrieve rows for a table from the server a row at a time | ||
--skip-quote-names | Do not quote identifiers | ||
--skip-set-charset | Do not write SET NAMES statement | ||
--skip-triggers | Do not dump triggers | ||
--skip-tz-utc | Turn off tz-utc | ||
--socket | Unix socket file or Windows named pipe to use | ||
--source-data | Write the binary log file name and position to the output | 8.0.26 | |
--ssl-ca | File that contains list of trusted SSL Certificate Authorities | ||
--ssl-capath | Directory that contains trusted SSL Certificate Authority certificate files | ||
--ssl-cert | File that contains X.509 certificate | ||
--ssl-cipher | Permissible ciphers for connection encryption | ||
--ssl-crl | File that contains certificate revocation lists | ||
--ssl-crlpath | Directory that contains certificate revocation-list files | ||
--ssl-fips-mode | Whether to enable FIPS mode on client side | 8.0.34 | |
--ssl-key | File that contains X.509 key | ||
--ssl-mode | Desired security state of connection to server | ||
--ssl-session-data | File that contains SSL session data | 8.0.29 | |
--ssl-session-data-continue-on-failed-reuse | Whether to establish connections if session reuse fails | 8.0.29 | |
--tab | Produce tab-separated data files | ||
--tables | Override --databases or -B option | ||
--tls-ciphersuites | Permissible TLSv1.3 ciphersuites for encrypted connections | 8.0.16 | |
--tls-version | Permissible TLS protocols for encrypted connections | ||
--triggers | Dump triggers for each dumped table | ||
--tz-utc | Add SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' to dump file | ||
--user | MySQL user name to use when connecting to server | ||
--verbose | Verbose mode | ||
--version | Display version information and exit | ||
--where | Dump only rows selected by given WHERE condition | ||
--xml | Produce XML output | ||
--zstd-compression-level | Compression level for connections to server that use zstd compression | 8.0.18 |