opencv 笔记11 Imgproc_Morphology2

#include "opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp"
#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>

using namespace cv;

/// 全局变量
Mat src, dst;

int morph_elem = 0;
int morph_size = 0;
int morph_operator = 0;
int const max_operator = 4;
int const max_elem = 2;
int const max_kernel_size = 21;

char* window_name = "Morphology Transformations Demo";

/** 回调函数申明 */
void Morphology_Operations( int, void* );

/** @函数 main */
int main( int argc, char** argv )
{
  /// 装载图像
  src = imread( argv[1] );

  if( !src.data )
  { return -1; }

 /// 创建显示窗口
 namedWindow( window_name, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE );

 /// 创建选择具体操作的 trackbar
 createTrackbar("Operator:\n 0: Opening - 1: Closing \n 2: Gradient - 3: Top Hat \n 4: Black Hat", window_name, &morph_operator, max_operator, Morphology_Operations );

 /// 创建选择内核形状的 trackbar
 createTrackbar( "Element:\n 0: Rect - 1: Cross - 2: Ellipse", window_name,
                 &morph_elem, max_elem,
                 Morphology_Operations );

 /// 创建选择内核大小的 trackbar
 createTrackbar( "Kernel size:\n 2n +1", window_name,
                 &morph_size, max_kernel_size,
                 Morphology_Operations );

 /// 启动使用默认值
 Morphology_Operations( 0, 0 );

 waitKey(0);
 return 0;
 }

 /**
  * @函数 Morphology_Operations
  */
void Morphology_Operations( int, void* )
{
  // 由于 MORPH_X的取值范围是: 2,3,4,5 和 6
  int operation = morph_operator + 2;

  Mat element = getStructuringElement( morph_elem, Size( 2*morph_size + 1, 2*morph_size+1 ), Point( morph_size, morph_size ) );

  /// 运行指定形态学操作
  morphologyEx( src, dst, operation, element );
  imshow( window_name, dst );
  }

void morphologyEx(const Mat& src, Mat& dst, int op, const Mat& element, Point anchor=Point(-1, -1), int iterations=1, intborderType=BORDER_CONSTANT, const Scalar& borderValue=morphologyDefaultBorderValue())

Parameters:

src – Source image dst – Destination image. It will have the same size and the same type as src element – Structuring element op – Type of morphological operation, one of the following: MORPH_OPEN opening MORPH_CLOSE closing MORPH_GRADIENT morphological gradient MORPH_TOPHAT “top hat” MORPH_BLACKHAT “black hat” iterations – Number of times erosion and dilation are applied borderType – The pixel extrapolation method; see borderInterpolate() borderValue – The border value in case of a constant border. The default value has a special meaning, seecreateMorphoogyFilter()

开运算 (Opening)

• 开运算是通过先对图像腐蚀再膨胀实现的。

  

• 能够排除小团块物体(假设物体较背景明亮)

• 请看下面，左图是原图像，右图是采用开运算转换之后的结果图。 观察发现字母拐弯处的白色空间消失。

  

闭运算(Closing)

• 闭运算是通过先对图像膨胀再腐蚀实现的。

  

• 能够排除小型黑洞(黑色区域)。

  

形态梯度(Morphological Gradient)

• 膨胀图与腐蚀图之差

  

• 能够保留物体的边缘轮廓，如下所示:

  

顶帽(Top Hat)

• 原图像与开运算结果图之差

  

  

黑帽(Black Hat)

• 闭运算结果图与原图像之差