上一篇文章我详解了Activity的生命周期,今天给大家详解Fragment的生命周期。官方介绍地址:http://developer.android.com/guide/components/fragments.html
此文章同步于我的个人博客网站:http://www.fengchaokm.com/
Fragment生命周期图解:
Activity生命周期与Fragment生命周期对比:
下面我们还是通过实例代码来观察Fragment生命周期的详细过程:
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
static final String TAG = MainActivity.class.getSimpleName();
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
Log.e(TAG, "Activity*onCreate--------");
if (getFragmentManager().findFragmentById(android.R.id.content) == null) {
ArrayListFragment list = new ArrayListFragment();
getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().add(android.R.id.content, list).commit();
}
}
@Override
public void onContentChanged() {
super.onContentChanged();
Log.e(TAG, "Activity*onContentChanged--------");
}
public void onStart() {
super.onStart();
Log.e(TAG, "Activity*onStart--------");
}
public void onRestart() {
super.onRestart();
Log.e(TAG, "Activity*onRestart--------");
}
public void onPostCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onPostCreate(savedInstanceState);
Log.e(TAG, "Activity*onPostCreate--------");
}
@Override
public void onResume() {
super.onResume();
Log.e(TAG, "Activity*onResume--------");
}
public void onPostResume() {
super.onPostResume();
Log.e(TAG, "Activity*onPostResume--------");
}
public void onPause() {
super.onPause();
Log.e(TAG, "Activity*onPause--------");
}
public void onStop() {
super.onStop();
Log.e(TAG, "Activity*onStop--------");
}
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
Log.e(TAG, "Activity*onDestroy--------");
}
public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig) {
super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
Log.e(TAG, "Activity*onConfigurationChanged--------");
}
public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {
super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
Log.e(TAG, "Activity*onSaveInstanceState--------");
}
public void onRestoreInstanceState(Bundle outState) {
super.onRestoreInstanceState(outState);
Log.e(TAG, "Activity*onRestoreInstanceState--------");
}
public static class ArrayListFragment extends ListFragment {
@Override
public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Log.e(TAG, "Fragment* onAttach...");
super.onAttach(activity);
}
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Log.e(TAG, "Fragment* onCreate...");
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
}
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Log.e(TAG, "Fragment* onCreateView...");
return super.onCreateView(inflater, container, savedInstanceState);
}
@Override
public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
Log.e(TAG, "Fragment* onActivityCreated...");
String[] array = new String[]{"C++", "JAVA", "PYTHON"};
setListAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(getActivity(),
android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, array));
}
@Override
public void onStart() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Log.e(TAG, "Fragment* onStart...");
super.onStart();
}
@Override
public void onResume() {
Log.e(TAG, "Fragment* onResume...");
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onResume();
}
@Override
public void onPause() {
Log.e(TAG, "Fragment* onPause...");
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onPause();
}
@Override
public void onStop() {
Log.e(TAG, "Fragment* onStop...");
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onStop();
}
@Override
public void onDestroyView() {
Log.e(TAG, "Fragment* onDestroyView...");
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onDestroyView();
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Log.e(TAG, "Fragment* onDestroy...");
super.onDestroy();
}
@Override
public void onDetach() {
Log.e(TAG, "Fragment* onDetach...");
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onDetach();
}
@Override
public void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) {
Log.i("FragmentList", "Item clicked: " + id);
}
}
}
Activity启动时各个生命周期的执行顺序如下:
锁屏或按Home键时调用方法执行顺序如下:
解锁屏时调用方法执行顺序如下:
退出时调用方法执行顺序如下:
可以清晰直观的观察出Activity和Fragment生命周期的变化,Fragment的大部分状态和Activity很相似,但Fragment有一些新的状态。
1、onAttached() —— 当fragment被加入到activity时调用(在这个方法中可以获得所在的activity)。
2、onCreateView() —— 当activity要得到fragment的layout时,调用此方法,fragment在其中创建自己的layout(界面)。
3、onActivityCreated() —— 当activity的onCreated()方法返回后调用此方法
4、onDestroyView() —— 当fragment中的视图被移除的时候,调用这个方法。
5、onDetach() —— 当fragment和activity分离的时候,调用这个方法。
当Activity进入运行状态时,我们就可以自由的添加、删除Fragment,因此只有当Activity在运行状态时Fragment的生命周期才能独立的运转,其它时候都是依赖于Activity的生命周期变化。