【转http://it.dianping.com/sql-for-xml-path.htm】
DECLARE
@
TempTable
table
(
UserID
int
,
UserName
nvarchar
(
50
))
;
insert into @ TempTable ( UserID , UserName ) values ( 1 , ' a ' )
insert into @ TempTable ( UserID , UserName ) values ( 2 , ' b ' )
select UserID , UserName from @ TempTable FOR XML PATH
insert into @ TempTable ( UserID , UserName ) values ( 1 , ' a ' )
insert into @ TempTable ( UserID , UserName ) values ( 2 , ' b ' )
select UserID , UserName from @ TempTable FOR XML PATH
运行这段脚本,将生成如下结果:
<
row
>
< UserID > 1 </ UserID >
< UserName > a </ UserName >
</ row >
< row >
< UserID > 2 </ UserID >
< UserName > b </ UserName >
</ row >
< UserID > 1 </ UserID >
< UserName > a </ UserName >
</ row >
< row >
< UserID > 2 </ UserID >
< UserName > b </ UserName >
</ row >
大家可以看到两行数据生成了两个节点,修改一下PATH的参数:
select
UserID
,
UserName
from
@
TempTable
FOR
XML
PATH
(
'
lzy
'
)
再次运行上述脚本,将生成如下的结果:
<
lzy
>
< UserID > 1 </ UserID >
< UserName > a </ UserName >
</ lzy >
< lzy >
< UserID > 2 </ UserID >
< UserName > b </ UserName >
</ lzy >
< UserID > 1 </ UserID >
< UserName > a </ UserName >
</ lzy >
< lzy >
< UserID > 2 </ UserID >
< UserName > b </ UserName >
</ lzy >
可以看到节点变成,其实PATH() 括号内的参数是控制节点名称的,这样的话大家可以看一下如果是空字符串(不是没有参数)会是什么结果?
select
UserID
,
UserName
from
@
TempTable
FOR
XML
PATH
(
''
)
执行上面这段脚本将生成结果:
<
UserID
>
1
</
UserID
>
< UserName > a </ UserName >
< UserID > 2 </ UserID >
< UserName > b </ UserName >
< UserName > a </ UserName >
< UserID > 2 </ UserID >
< UserName > b </ UserName >
这样就不显示上级节点了,大家知道在 PATH 模式中,列名或列别名被作为 XPath 表达式来处理,也就是说,是列的名字,这样大胆试验一下不给指定列名和别名会是怎么样?
select
CAST
(
UserID
AS
varchar
)
+
''
,
UserName
+
''
from
@
TempTable
FOR
XML
PATH
(
''
)
运行上面这句将生成结果
1a2b
所有数据都生成一行,而且还没有连接字符,这样的数据可能对大家没有用处,还可以再变化一下:
select
CAST
(
UserID
AS
varchar
)
+
'
,
'
,
UserName
+
''
,
'
;
'
from
@
TempTable
FOR
XML
PATH
(
''
)
生成结果
1,a;2,b;
大家现在明白了吧,可以通过控制参数来生成自己想要的结果,例如:
select
'
{
'
+
CAST
(
UserID
AS
varchar
)
+
'
,
'
,
'
"
'
+
UserName
+
'
"
'
,
'
}
'
from
@
TempTable
FOR
XML
PATH
(
''
)
生成结果
{1,"a"}{2,"b"}
还可以生成其他格式,大家可以根据自己需要的格式进行组合。
下面是一个数据统计的应用,希望大家可以通过下面的实例想到更多的应用
DECLARE
@
T1
table
(
UserID
int
,
UserName
nvarchar
(
50
)
,
CityName
nvarchar
(
50
))
;
insert into @ T1 ( UserID , UserName , CityName ) values ( 1 , ' a ' , ' 上海 ' )
insert into @ T1 ( UserID , UserName , CityName ) values ( 2 , ' b ' , ' 北京 ' )
insert into @ T1 ( UserID , UserName , CityName ) values ( 3 , ' c ' , ' 上海 ' )
insert into @ T1 ( UserID , UserName , CityName ) values ( 4 , ' d ' , ' 北京 ' )
insert into @ T1 ( UserID , UserName , CityName ) values ( 5 , ' e ' , ' 上海 ' )
SELECT B . CityName , LEFT ( UserList , LEN ( UserList ) - 1 ) FROM (
SELECT CityName ,
( SELECT UserName + ' , ' FROM @ T1 WHERE CityName = A . CityName FOR XML PATH ( '' )) AS UserList
FROM @ T1 A
GROUP BY CityName
) B
insert into @ T1 ( UserID , UserName , CityName ) values ( 1 , ' a ' , ' 上海 ' )
insert into @ T1 ( UserID , UserName , CityName ) values ( 2 , ' b ' , ' 北京 ' )
insert into @ T1 ( UserID , UserName , CityName ) values ( 3 , ' c ' , ' 上海 ' )
insert into @ T1 ( UserID , UserName , CityName ) values ( 4 , ' d ' , ' 北京 ' )
insert into @ T1 ( UserID , UserName , CityName ) values ( 5 , ' e ' , ' 上海 ' )
SELECT B . CityName , LEFT ( UserList , LEN ( UserList ) - 1 ) FROM (
SELECT CityName ,
( SELECT UserName + ' , ' FROM @ T1 WHERE CityName = A . CityName FOR XML PATH ( '' )) AS UserList
FROM @ T1 A
GROUP BY CityName
) B
生成结果(每个城市的用户名)
北京 b,d
上海 a,c,e