直接看代码吧:
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import re
import pandas
headers = {
'Host':'movie.douban.com',
'Origin':'movie.douban.com',
'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 6.0; Nexus 5 Build/MRA58N) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/73.0.3683.103 Mobile Safari/537.36',
}
base_url = 'https://movie.douban.com/top250?start={}&filter='
proxy_dict = {
"http": "http://用户名:密码@代理域名:端口号/",
"https": "http://用户名:密码@代理域名:端口号/"
}
response = requests.get('https://movie.douban.com/top250?start=0&filter=', proxies=proxy_dict,headers = headers)
if response.status_code == 200:
#print(response.text)
#f = open('20.txt','wb+')
#f.write(response.text.encode("utf-8"))
pass
pattern1 = re.compile('<div.*?class="item">.*?<div.*?class="pic">.*?<a.*?href="(.*?)">', re.S) # 去掉所有换行符,并用正则表达式去匹配每一个页面的具体电影 re.S就是去掉换行符,正则表达式提取电影的网站地址
urls = re.findall(pattern1, response.text)
directors = [] # 导演
names = [] # 电影名
stars = [] # 主演
countrys = [] # 电影的出产地
languages = [] # 电影语言
headers_urls = {
'Host':'movie.douban.com',
'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/73.0.3683.103 Safari/537.36'
}
# <span property="v:itemreviewed">肖申克的救赎 The Shawshank Redemption</span>
# <a href="/celebrity/1047973/" rel="v:directedBy">弗兰克·德拉邦特</a>
# <a href="/celebrity/1054521/" rel="v:starring">蒂姆·罗宾斯</a>
def base_urls(base_url):
urls = []
# 这里我们只能前两页做测试,所以range只设置到了50
# for i in range(0, 275, 25):
# true_url = base_url.format(i)
# print(true_url)
for i in range(0, 50, 25):
true_url = base_url.format(i)
print("true_url is:"+str(true_url))
response = requests.get(true_url,proxies=proxy_dict,headers=headers)
if response.status_code == 200:
# print(response.text)
pattern1 = re.compile('<div.*?class="item">.*?<div.*?class="pic">.*?<a.*?href="(.*?)">',re.S)
# 去掉所有换行符,并用正则表达式去匹配每一个页面的具体电影
url = re.findall(pattern1, response.text)
# 因为这里是用findall,他返回的是一个列表,如果我们直接append,会导致列表嵌套,故我们这里用个for循环提取出列表的元素再append进去
for i in url:
urls.append(i)
return urls
def parse_url(urls):
# 因为只拿前两页做测试,所以range设置到50
for i in range(0, 50, 1):
res = requests.get(urls[i],proxies=proxy_dict,headers = headers_urls)
print("res is:"+str(res))
#filename = str(i)+".txt"
#f = open(filename,'wb+')
#f.write(res.text.encode("utf-8"))
if res.status_code == 200:
soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'lxml')
#BeautifulSoup 解析xml
#filename2="soup_"+str(i)
#f1 = open(filename2,'wb+')
#f1.write(soup.span.encode("utf-8"))
# 爬取电影名
name = (soup.find('span', property="v:itemreviewed"))
names.append(name.text)
# print(names)
# 爬取导演
director = soup.find('a', rel="v:directedBy")
directors.append(director.text)
# print(director.text)
# 爬取明星
star_save = []
for star in soup.find_all('a', rel="v:starring"):
star_save.append(star.text)
stars.append(star_save)
#print(stars)
# 爬取制片国家
#<span class="pl">制片国家/地区:</span> 美国<br>
# 学到的知识点:通过匹配文本内容找下个兄弟节点
country = soup.find('span', text='制片国家/地区:').next_sibling[1:]
countrys.append(country)
# print(countrys)
# 爬取影片语言
# <span class="pl">语言:</span>
language = soup.find('span', text='语言:').next_sibling[1:]
languages.append(language)
# print(language)
# print(directors)
# print(true_director)
# print(a)
if __name__ == '__main__':
base = base_urls(base_url)
#base = 'this is a test'
print(base)
print(len(base))
parse_url(base)
#print(countrys)
#print(directors)
#print(languages)
#print(names)
#
# 最后我们将数据写入到一个excel表格里
info ={'Filmname':names, 'Directors':directors, 'Country':countrys, 'Languages':languages}
pdfile = pandas.DataFrame(info)
pdfile.to_excel('DoubanFilm.xlsx', sheet_name="豆瓣电影")###
注意:
1.如果有权限访问豆瓣,就不需要代理,每个地方获取网站数据的时候,去掉代理参数就行。如:
res = requests.get(urls[i],headers = headers_urls)
2.headers参数是告诉服务器,请求需要的一些要求,比如浏览器版本,默认语言编码等,这个可以百度一下,很容易看懂。
3.注意正则表达式的使用、xml是怎么解析的等知识的补充。
转自:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44106928/article/details/89192740