* 1,在HTTP的WEB应用中, 应用客户端和服务器之间的状态是通过Session来维持的, 而Session的本质就是Cookie,
* 简单的讲,当浏览器向服务器发送Http请求的时候, HTTP服务器会产生一个SessionID,这个SessionID就唯一的标识了一个客户端到服务器的请求会话过程.
* 就如同一次会议开始时,主办方给每位到场的嘉宾一个临时的编号胸牌一样, 可以通过这个编号记录每个嘉宾(客户端)的活动(请求状态).
* 为了保持这个状态, 当服务端向客户端回应的时候,会附带Cookie信息,当然,Cookie里面就包含了SessionID
* 客户端在执行一系列操作时向服务端发送请求时,也会带上这个SessionID, 一般来说,Session也是一个URL QueryParameter ,就是说,session可以以Key-Value的形式通过URL传递
* 比如,http://www.51etest.com/dede/login.php?PHPSESSIONID=7dg3dsf19SDf73wqc32fdsf
* 一般而言,浏览器会自动把此Session信息放入Header报文体中进行传递.
* 如果浏览器不支持Cookie,那么,浏览器会自动把SessionID附加到URL中去.
*
* 2,在这个例子中,以登陆这个功能点进行讲解.
* 首先,我们登陆的页面是http://www.51etest.com/dede, 我们第一次访问这个页面后,可以从服务器过来的Http Response报文中的Header中找出服务器与浏览器向关联的数据 -- Cookie,
* 而且Session的值也在Cookie中. 于是,我们可以通过分析Set-Cookie这个Header中的参数的值,找到Seesion的Key-Value段.
* 然后,我们再向服务器发送请求,请求URL为:post@@http://www.51etest.com/dede/login.php@@userid=admin&pwd=tidus2005&gotopage=/dede/&dopost=login
* 服务器验证登陆成功了, 并且在此次会话变量中增加了我们登陆成功的标识.
*
* 3,增加一个广告定义
* 增加一个广告定义其实就是一个添加数据的过程,无非是我们把我们要添加的数据通过参数的形式告诉指定url页面,页面获取后添加到数据库去而已.
* 此url地址为:
*post@@http://www.51etest.com/dede/ad_add.php@@dopost=save&tagname=test&typeid=0&adname=test&starttime=2008-05-29
* 因为这个页面会先判断我是否登陆
* 而判断的依据,前面讲了,就是根据我请求时的SessionID找到指定的Session数据区中是否存在我的登陆信息,
* 所以我当然要把访问登陆页面时获取的SessionID原封不动的再发回去
* 相当于对服务器说,这是我刚刚来时,你发我的临时身份证,我现在可以形势我的权利。
*
* 这就是整个Java后台登陆网站,然后添加数据的过程。
- package cn.javadr.product;
- import java.io.BufferedReader;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.io.InputStream;
- import java.io.InputStreamReader;
- import java.io.OutputStream;
- import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
- import java.net.MalformedURLException;
- import java.net.URL;
- import java.net.URLConnection;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.Iterator;
- import java.util.Map;
- import java.util.Map.Entry;
- /**
- * HttpClient
- *
- * @author Tang Ren email: <a
- * href="mailto:tangren1206@163.com">tangren1206@163.com</a>
- *
- * <A href="mailto:post@@http://www.51etest.com/dede/login.php@@userid=xxxx&pwd=xxxxxx&gotopage=/dede/&dopost=login">post@@http://www.51etest.com/dede/login.php@@userid=xxxx&pwd=xxxxxx&gotopage=/dede/&dopost=login
- </A> *
- * post@@http://www.51etest.com/dede/ad_add.php@@dopost=save&tagname=test&typeid=0&adname=test&starttime=2008-05-29
- * 20:58:25&endtime=2008-06-28 20:58:25×et=0&normbody=test&expbody=test
- *
- */
- /**
- *
- */
- public class HttpClient {
- private static final String USER_AGENT_VALUE = "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows XP)";
- /**
- * Cmd splitor default is symbol '$$'.
- */
- private static final String HTTP_CLIENT_CMD_SPLITOR = "@@";
- /**
- * Post parameter splitor default is symbol '&'.
- */
- private static final String POST_PARAMETER_SPLITOR = "&";
- private static final String POST_PARAMETER_KV_SPLITOR = "=";
- private String cookie = null;
- private Map cookieMap = new HashMap();
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
- }
- public HttpClient() {
- // Input http request url
- BufferedReader consleReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
- System.in));
- String httpResponse = null;
- String url = null;
- String cmd = null;
- String method = null;
- try {
- while (true) {
- cmd = consleReader.readLine();
- if (cmd.indexOf(HTTP_CLIENT_CMD_SPLITOR) == -1)
- continue;
- method = cmd.split(HTTP_CLIENT_CMD_SPLITOR)[0];
- url = cmd.split(HTTP_CLIENT_CMD_SPLITOR)[1];
- if (method.toUpperCase().equals("GET")) {
- httpResponse = this.getMethod(url, true);
- } else if (method.toUpperCase().equals("POST")) {
- Map parameters = this.parsePostParameters(cmd
- .split(HTTP_CLIENT_CMD_SPLITOR)[2]);
- httpResponse = this.postMethod(url, parameters, true);
- }
- System.out.println(httpResponse);
- }
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } finally {
- try {
- consleReader.close();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
- /**
- * Request specifid url with 'GET' method. And return HTTP response content.
- *
- * @param url
- * @return
- */
- private String getMethod(String url, boolean keepCookie) {
- if (url == null || url.length() == 0) {
- return "Requst url could not be null or empty.";
- }
- StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer();
- try {
- HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = this.getHttpURLConnection(
- url, keepCookie);
- // Set request properties.
- this.settingHttpRequestHeader(httpURLConnection);
- httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");
- // Getting or setting cookie
- this.gettingOrSettingCookie(httpURLConnection, keepCookie);
- InputStream httpInputStream = httpURLConnection.getInputStream();
- BufferedReader httpBufferedReader = new BufferedReader(
- new InputStreamReader(httpInputStream, "GBK"));
- result.append(this.readBufferedContent(httpBufferedReader));
- // Connect to host.
- httpURLConnection.connect();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- return "getHttpURLConnection failed.";
- }
- return result.toString();
- }
- public String postMethod(String url, Map parameters, boolean keepCookie) {
- StringBuffer httpResponse = new StringBuffer();
- HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = null;
- OutputStream httpOutputStream = null;
- try {
- httpURLConnection = this.getHttpURLConnection(url, keepCookie);
- // Set request properties.
- this.settingHttpRequestHeader(httpURLConnection);
- // Set request method with 'POST'
- httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
- // Set connection output is true.
- httpURLConnection.setDoOutput(true);
- // Getting or setting cookie
- this.gettingOrSettingCookie(httpURLConnection, keepCookie);
- // Get Http output stream
- httpOutputStream = httpURLConnection.getOutputStream();
- // Build post parameters string
- StringBuffer postParams = new StringBuffer();
- int index = 0;
- for (Iterator<Entry> iter = parameters.entrySet().iterator(); iter
- .hasNext(); index++) {
- Entry<String, String> entry = iter.next();
- postParams.append(index != 0 ? "&" : "");
- postParams.append(entry.getKey());
- postParams.append("=");
- postParams.append(entry.getValue());
- }
- httpOutputStream.write(postParams.toString().getBytes());
- BufferedReader httpBufferedReader = new BufferedReader(
- new InputStreamReader(httpURLConnection.getInputStream()));
- httpResponse.append(this.readBufferedContent(httpBufferedReader));
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- return null;
- } finally {
- try {
- httpOutputStream.close();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- return httpResponse.toString();
- }
- /**
- * Setting HTTP request header properties
- *
- * @param httpURLConnection
- */
- private void settingHttpRequestHeader(HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection) {
- if (httpURLConnection == null)
- return;
- httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", USER_AGENT_VALUE);
- // TODO setting some other properties here . . .
- }
- /**
- * Get HttpURLConnection by specified url string.
- *
- * @param url
- * @return
- * @throws IOException
- */
- private HttpURLConnection getHttpURLConnection(String url,
- boolean keepCookie) throws IOException {
- URL urlObj = new URL(url);
- URLConnection urlConnection = urlObj.openConnection();
- if (urlConnection instanceof HttpURLConnection)
- return (HttpURLConnection) urlConnection;
- throw new MalformedURLException();
- }
- /**
- * Read bufferedReader buffered content.
- *
- * @param bufferedReader
- * @return
- */
- private String readBufferedContent(BufferedReader bufferedReader) {
- if (bufferedReader == null)
- return null;
- StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer();
- String line = null;
- try {
- while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
- result.append(line);
- }
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- return null;
- }
- return result.toString();
- }
- /**
- * Parse and create parameter map with parameter string
- *
- * @param parameterString
- * @return
- */
- private Map parsePostParameters(String parameterString) {
- if (parameterString == null || parameterString.length() == 0)
- return null;
- Map result = new HashMap<String, String>();
- // only one parameter key-value pair
- if (parameterString.indexOf(POST_PARAMETER_SPLITOR) == -1) {
- if (parameterString.indexOf(POST_PARAMETER_KV_SPLITOR) != -1)
- result.put(parameterString.split(POST_PARAMETER_KV_SPLITOR)[0],
- parameterString.split(POST_PARAMETER_KV_SPLITOR)[1]);
- } else {
- String[] keyValues = parameterString.split(POST_PARAMETER_SPLITOR);
- for (int i = 0; i < keyValues.length; i++) {
- String keyValue = keyValues[i];
- result.put(keyValue.split(POST_PARAMETER_KV_SPLITOR)[0],
- keyValue.split(POST_PARAMETER_KV_SPLITOR)[1]);
- }
- }
- return result;
- }
- /**
- * Get or set cookie.
- *
- * @param httpURLConnection
- * @param keepCookie
- */
- private void gettingOrSettingCookie(HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection,
- boolean keepCookie) {
- // Getting or setting cookie.
- if (cookie == null || cookie.length() == 0) {
- String setCookie = httpURLConnection.getHeaderField("Set-Cookie");
- cookie = setCookie.substring(0, setCookie.indexOf(";"));
- } else if (keepCookie) {
- httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Cookie", cookie);
- }
- }
- }
- package cn.javadr.product;
- import java.io.BufferedReader;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.io.InputStream;
- import java.io.InputStreamReader;
- import java.io.OutputStream;
- import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
- import java.net.MalformedURLException;
- import java.net.URL;
- import java.net.URLConnection;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.Iterator;
- import java.util.Map;
- import java.util.Map.Entry;
- /**
- * HttpClient
- *
- * @author Tang Ren email: <a
- * href="mailto:tangren1206@163.com">tangren1206@163.com</a>
- *
- * <a href="mailto:post@@http://www.51etest.com/dede/login.php@@userid=xxxx&pwd=xxxxxx&gotopage=/dede/&dopost=login">post@@http://www.51etest.com/dede/login.php@@userid=xxxx&pwd=xxxxxx&gotopage=/dede/&dopost=login
- </a> *
- * post@@http://www.51etest.com/dede/ad_add.php@@dopost=save&tagname=test&typeid=0&adname=test&starttime=2008-05-29
- * 20:58:25&endtime=2008-06-28 20:58:25×et=0&normbody=test&expbody=test
- *
- */
- /**
- *
- */
- public class HttpClient {
- private static final String USER_AGENT_VALUE = "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows XP)";
- /**
- * Cmd splitor default is symbol '$$'.
- */
- private static final String HTTP_CLIENT_CMD_SPLITOR = "@@";
- /**
- * Post parameter splitor default is symbol '&'.
- */
- private static final String POST_PARAMETER_SPLITOR = "&";
- private static final String POST_PARAMETER_KV_SPLITOR = "=";
- private String cookie = null;
- private Map cookieMap = new HashMap();
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
- }
- public HttpClient() {
- // Input http request url
- BufferedReader consleReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
- System.in));
- String httpResponse = null;
- String url = null;
- String cmd = null;
- String method = null;
- try {
- while (true) {
- cmd = consleReader.readLine();
- if (cmd.indexOf(HTTP_CLIENT_CMD_SPLITOR) == -1)
- continue;
- method = cmd.split(HTTP_CLIENT_CMD_SPLITOR)[0];
- url = cmd.split(HTTP_CLIENT_CMD_SPLITOR)[1];
- if (method.toUpperCase().equals("GET")) {
- httpResponse = this.getMethod(url, true);
- } else if (method.toUpperCase().equals("POST")) {
- Map parameters = this.parsePostParameters(cmd
- .split(HTTP_CLIENT_CMD_SPLITOR)[2]);
- httpResponse = this.postMethod(url, parameters, true);
- }
- System.out.println(httpResponse);
- }
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- } finally {
- try {
- consleReader.close();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
- /**
- * Request specifid url with 'GET' method. And return HTTP response content.
- *
- * @param url
- * @return
- */
- private String getMethod(String url, boolean keepCookie) {
- if (url == null || url.length() == 0) {
- return "Requst url could not be null or empty.";
- }
- StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer();
- try {
- HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = this.getHttpURLConnection(
- url, keepCookie);
- // Set request properties.
- this.settingHttpRequestHeader(httpURLConnection);
- httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");
- // Getting or setting cookie
- this.gettingOrSettingCookie(httpURLConnection, keepCookie);
- InputStream httpInputStream = httpURLConnection.getInputStream();
- BufferedReader httpBufferedReader = new BufferedReader(
- new InputStreamReader(httpInputStream, "GBK"));
- result.append(this.readBufferedContent(httpBufferedReader));
- // Connect to host.
- httpURLConnection.connect();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- return "getHttpURLConnection failed.";
- }
- return result.toString();
- }
- public String postMethod(String url, Map parameters, boolean keepCookie) {
- StringBuffer httpResponse = new StringBuffer();
- HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = null;
- OutputStream httpOutputStream = null;
- try {
- httpURLConnection = this.getHttpURLConnection(url, keepCookie);
- // Set request properties.
- this.settingHttpRequestHeader(httpURLConnection);
- // Set request method with 'POST'
- httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
- // Set connection output is true.
- httpURLConnection.setDoOutput(true);
- // Getting or setting cookie
- this.gettingOrSettingCookie(httpURLConnection, keepCookie);
- // Get Http output stream
- httpOutputStream = httpURLConnection.getOutputStream();
- // Build post parameters string
- StringBuffer postParams = new StringBuffer();
- int index = 0;
- for (Iterator<Entry> iter = parameters.entrySet().iterator(); iter
- .hasNext(); index++) {
- Entry<String, String> entry = iter.next();
- postParams.append(index != 0 ? "&" : "");
- postParams.append(entry.getKey());
- postParams.append("=");
- postParams.append(entry.getValue());
- }
- httpOutputStream.write(postParams.toString().getBytes());
- BufferedReader httpBufferedReader = new BufferedReader(
- new InputStreamReader(httpURLConnection.getInputStream()));
- httpResponse.append(this.readBufferedContent(httpBufferedReader));
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- return null;
- } finally {
- try {
- httpOutputStream.close();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- return httpResponse.toString();
- }
- /**
- * Setting HTTP request header properties
- *
- * @param httpURLConnection
- */
- private void settingHttpRequestHeader(HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection) {
- if (httpURLConnection == null)
- return;
- httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", USER_AGENT_VALUE);
- // TODO setting some other properties here . . .
- }
- /**
- * Get HttpURLConnection by specified url string.
- *
- * @param url
- * @return
- * @throws IOException
- */
- private HttpURLConnection getHttpURLConnection(String url,
- boolean keepCookie) throws IOException {
- URL urlObj = new URL(url);
- URLConnection urlConnection = urlObj.openConnection();
- if (urlConnection instanceof HttpURLConnection)
- return (HttpURLConnection) urlConnection;
- throw new MalformedURLException();
- }
- /**
- * Read bufferedReader buffered content.
- *
- * @param bufferedReader
- * @return
- */
- private String readBufferedContent(BufferedReader bufferedReader) {
- if (bufferedReader == null)
- return null;
- StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer();
- String line = null;
- try {
- while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
- result.append(line);
- }
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- return null;
- }
- return result.toString();
- }
- /**
- * Parse and create parameter map with parameter string
- *
- * @param parameterString
- * @return
- */
- private Map parsePostParameters(String parameterString) {
- if (parameterString == null || parameterString.length() == 0)
- return null;
- Map result = new HashMap<String, String>();
- // only one parameter key-value pair
- if (parameterString.indexOf(POST_PARAMETER_SPLITOR) == -1) {
- if (parameterString.indexOf(POST_PARAMETER_KV_SPLITOR) != -1)
- result.put(parameterString.split(POST_PARAMETER_KV_SPLITOR)[0],
- parameterString.split(POST_PARAMETER_KV_SPLITOR)[1]);
- } else {
- String[] keyValues = parameterString.split(POST_PARAMETER_SPLITOR);
- for (int i = 0; i < keyValues.length; i++) {
- String keyValue = keyValues[i];
- result.put(keyValue.split(POST_PARAMETER_KV_SPLITOR)[0],
- keyValue.split(POST_PARAMETER_KV_SPLITOR)[1]);
- }
- }
- return result;
- }
- /**
- * Get or set cookie.
- *
- * @param httpURLConnection
- * @param keepCookie
- */
- private void gettingOrSettingCookie(HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection,
- boolean keepCookie) {
- // Getting or setting cookie.
- if (cookie == null || cookie.length() == 0) {
- String setCookie = httpURLConnection.getHeaderField("Set-Cookie");
- cookie = setCookie.substring(0, setCookie.indexOf(";"));
- } else if (keepCookie) {
- httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Cookie", cookie);
- }
- }
- }