Initializing a Build Environment
The "Getting Started" section describes how to set up your local work environment, how to use Repo to get the Android files, and how to build the files on your machine. To build the Android source files, you will need to use Linux or Mac OS. Building under Windows is not currently supported.
Note: The source download is approximately 6GB in size.You will need 25GB free to complete a single build, andup to 90GB (or more) for a full set of builds.
For an overview of the entire code-review and code-update process, see Life of a Patch.
Setting up a Linux build environment
The Android build is routinely tested in house on recent versions ofUbuntu LTS (10.04), but most distributions should have the requiredbuild tools available. Reports of successes or failures on otherdistributions are welcome.
Note: It is also possible to build Android in a virtual machine.If you are running Linux in a virtual machine, you will need atleast 16GB of RAM/swap and 30GB or more of disk space in order tobuild the Android tree.
In general you will need:
-
Python 2.5 -- 2.7, which you can download from python.org.
-
GNU Make 3.81 -- 3.82, which you can download from gnu.org,
-
JDK 6 if you wish to build Gingerbread or newer; JDK 5 for Froyo or older. You can download both from java.sun.com.
-
Git 1.7 or newer. You can find it at git-scm.com.
Detailed instructions for Ubuntu 10.04+ follow.
Installing the JDK
The Sun JDK is no longer in Ubuntu's main package repository. In order to download it, you need to add the appropriate repository and indicate to the system which JDK should be used.
Java 6: for Gingerbread and newer
$ sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.canonical.com/ lucid partner"
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install sun-java6-jdk
Java 5: for Froyo and older
$ sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy main multiverse"
$ sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu hardy-updates main multiverse"
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install sun-java5-jdk
Installing required packages
64-bit (recommended)
$ sudo apt-get install git-core gnupg flex bison gperf build-essential \
zip curl zlib1g-dev libc6-dev lib32ncurses5-dev ia32-libs \
x11proto-core-dev libx11-dev lib32readline5-dev lib32z-dev \
libgl1-mesa-dev g++-multilib mingw32 tofrodos python-markdown \
libxml2-utils xsltproc
On Ubuntu 10.10:
$ sudo ln -s /usr/lib32/mesa/libGL.so.1 /usr/lib32/mesa/libGL.so
On Ubuntu 11.10:
$ sudo apt-get install libx11-dev:i386
32-bit (experimental)
$ sudo apt-get install git-core gnupg flex bison gperf build-essential \
zip curl zlib1g-dev libc6-dev libncurses5-dev x11proto-core-dev \
libx11-dev libreadline6-dev libgl1-mesa-dev tofrodos python-markdown \
libxml2-utils xsltproc
Configuring USB Access
Under GNU/linux systems (and specifically under Ubuntu systems),regular users can't directly access USB devices by default. Thesystem needs to be configured to allow such access.
The recommended approach is to create a file/etc/udev/rules.d/51-android.rules
(as the root user) and to copythe following lines in it. must be replaced by theactual username of the user who is authorized to access the phonesover USB.
# adb protocol on passion (Nexus One)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4e12", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# fastboot protocol on passion (Nexus One)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0bb4", ATTR{idProduct}=="0fff", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# adb protocol on crespo/crespo4g (Nexus S)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4e22", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# fastboot protocol on crespo/crespo4g (Nexus S)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4e20", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# adb protocol on stingray/wingray (Xoom)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="22b8", ATTR{idProduct}=="70a9", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# fastboot protocol on stingray/wingray (Xoom)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="708c", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# adb protocol on maguro/toro (Galaxy Nexus)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="04e8", ATTR{idProduct}=="6860", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# fastboot protocol on maguro/toro (Galaxy Nexus)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4e30", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# adb protocol on panda (PandaBoard)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0451", ATTR{idProduct}=="d101", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
# fastboot protocol on panda (PandaBoard)
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0451", ATTR{idProduct}=="d022", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
Those new rules take effect the next time a device is plugged in.It might therefore be necessary to unplug the device and plug itback into the computer.
This is known to work on both Ubuntu Hardy Heron (8.04.x LTS) andLucid Lynx (10.04.x LTS). Other versions of Ubuntu or othervariants of GNU/linux might require different configurations.
Setting up ccache
You can optionally tell the build to use the ccache compilation tool.Ccache acts as a compiler cache that can be used to speed-up rebuilds.This works very well if you do "make clean" often, or if you frequentlyswitch between different build products.
Put the following in your .bashrc or equivalent.
export USE_CCACHE=1
By default the cache will be stored in ~/.ccache.If your home directory is on NFS or some other non-local filesystem,you will want to specify the directory in your .bashrc as well.
export CCACHE_DIR=<path-to-your-cache-directory>
The suggested cache size is 50-100GB.You will need to run the following command once you have downloadedthe source code.
prebuilt/linux-x86/ccache/ccache -M 50G
This setting is stored in the CCACHE_DIR and is persistent.
Setting up a Mac OS X build environment
To build the Android files in a Mac OS environment, you need anIntel/x86 machine running MacOS 10.6 (Snow Leopard).
Android must be built on a case-sensitive file system because the sources contain files that differ only in case. We recommend that you build Android on a partition that has been formatted with the journaled file system HFS+. HFS+ is required to successfully build Mac OS applications such as the Android Emulator for OS X.
Creating a case sensitive disk image
If you want to avoid partitioning/formatting your hard drive, you can usea case-sensitive disk image instead. To create the image, launch DiskUtility and select "New Image". A size of 25GB is the minimum tocomplete the build, larger numbers are more future-proof. Using sparse imagessaves space while allowing to grow later as the need arises. Be sure to select"case sensitive, journaled" as the volume format.
You can also create it from a shell with the following command:
# hdiutil create -type SPARSE -fs 'Case-sensitive Journaled HFS+' -size 40g ~/android.dmg
This will create a .dmg (or possibly a .dmg.sparsefile) file which, once mounted, acts as a drive with the required formatting for Android development. For a disk image named "android.dmg" stored in your home directory, you can add the following to your ~/.bash_profile
to mount the image when you execute "mountAndroid":
# mount the android file image
function mountAndroid { hdiutil attach ~/android.dmg -mountpoint /Volumes/android; }
Once mounted, you'll do all your work in the "android" volume. You can eject it (unmount it) just like you would with an external drive.
Installing required packages
-
Install XCode from the Apple developer site.We recommend version 3.1.4 or newer, i.e. gcc 4.2.Version 4.x could cause difficulties.If you are not already registered as an Apple developer, you will have tocreate an Apple ID in order to download.
-
Install MacPorts from macports.org.
Note: Make sure that
/opt/local/bin
appears in your path BEFORE/usr/bin
. If not, addexport PATH=/opt/local/bin:$PATH
to your
~/.bash_profile
. -
Get make, git, and GPG packages from MacPorts:
$ POSIXLY_CORRECT=1 sudo port install gmake libsdl git-core gnupg
If using Mac OS 10.4, also install bison:
$ POSIXLY_CORRECT=1 sudo port install bison
Reverting from make 3.82
There is a bug in gmake 3.82 that prevents android from building. You can install version 3.81 using MacPorts by taking the following steps:
-
Edit
/opt/local/etc/macports/sources.conf
and add a line that saysfile:///Users/Shared/dports
above the rsync line. Then create this directory:
$ mkdir /Users/Shared/dports
-
In the new
dports
directory, run$ svn co --revision 50980 http://svn.macports.org/repository/macports/trunk/dports/devel/gmake/ devel/gmake/
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Create a port index for your new local repository:
$ portindex /Users/Shared/dports
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Finally, install the old version of gmake with
$ sudo port install gmake @3.81
Setting a file descriptor limit
On MacOS the default limit on the number of simultaneous file descriptors open is too low and a highly parallel build process may exceed this limit.
To increase the cap, add the following lines to your ~/.bash_profile
:
# set the number of open files to be 1024
ulimit -S -n 1024
Next: Download the source
Your build environment is good to go! Proceed to downloading the source....
come from http://source.android.com/source/initializing.html