改变MySQL的默认编码

/etc/mysql/my.cnf

[mysqld]
character_set_server = utf8
collation-server = utf8_unicode_ci
init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci'
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
skip-character-set-client-handshake
[client]
default-character-set = utf8 

重启服务，查看：

show variables like '%character%';

得到

New client character set: latin1
Connected.character_set_client: utf8
character_set_connection: utf8
character_set_database: utf8
character_set_filesystem: binary
character_set_results: utf8
character_set_server: utf8
character_set_system: utf8
character_sets_dir: /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ 

还有一种方法，重新编译libmysqlclient， 加-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci  参数。但我没有实验是否有效。

cmake \
    -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=%{_prefix} \
    -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=complex \
    -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
    -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
    -DWITH_READLINE=1 \
    -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
    -DENABLED_PROFILING=1 \