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在很早之前,我曾经写过一个GDI+的时钟,见“C#时钟控件 (C# Clock Control)” http://blog.csdn.net/johnsuna/archive/2006/02/13/597746.aspx及“使用C#编写LED样式时钟控件”(http://blog.csdn.net/johnsuna/archive/2006/02/14/598867.aspx),进入WPF时代了,如何用WPF绘制一个时钟呢?
先看效果:
上面显示的是时间值,下面是图形版的时钟。
制作要点:
1. 首先在Expression Blend中画出时钟的样式;
2. 建立时钟的程序辅助类;
3. 将此时钟样式需要动态换掉的部分改成相应的绑定值。
由于具体步骤很多,这里只说说技术难点和要点,着重说明上述第2点部分。
// 时钟控件类:Clock.cs
using System;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Controls.Primitives;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.Timers;
using System.Windows.Threading;
namespace BrawDraw.Com.WPF.Clock.ControlLibrary
{
/// <summary>Clock Control
/// </summary>
public class Clock : Control
{
private DispatcherTimer timer;
static Clock()
{
DefaultStyleKeyProperty.OverrideMetadata(typeof(Clock), new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(typeof(Clock)));
}
protected override void OnInitialized(EventArgs e)
{
base.OnInitialized(e);
timer = new DispatcherTimer();
timer.Tick += new EventHandler(Timer_Tick);
timer.Start();
}
private void Timer_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
UpdateDateTime();
timer.Interval = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(1000 - DateTime.Now.Millisecond);
}
private void UpdateDateTime()
{
this.DateTime = System.DateTime.Now;
}
#region DateTime property
public DateTime DateTime
{
get
{
return (DateTime)GetValue(DateTimeProperty);
}
private set
{
SetValue(DateTimeProperty, value);
}
}
public static DependencyProperty DateTimeProperty = DependencyProperty.Register(
"DateTime",
typeof(DateTime),
typeof(Clock),
new PropertyMetadata(DateTime.Now, new PropertyChangedCallback(OnDateTimeInvalidated)));
public static readonly RoutedEvent DateTimeChangedEvent =
EventManager.RegisterRoutedEvent("DateTimeChanged", RoutingStrategy.Bubble, typeof(RoutedPropertyChangedEventHandler<DateTime>), typeof(Clock));
protected virtual void OnDateTimeChanged(DateTime oldValue, DateTime newValue)
{
RoutedPropertyChangedEventArgs<DateTime> args = new RoutedPropertyChangedEventArgs<DateTime>(oldValue, newValue);
args.RoutedEvent = Clock.DateTimeChangedEvent;
RaiseEvent(args);
}
private static void OnDateTimeInvalidated(DependencyObject d, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
{
Clock clock = (Clock)d;
DateTime oldValue = (DateTime)e.OldValue;
DateTime newValue = (DateTime)e.NewValue;
clock.OnDateTimeChanged(oldValue, newValue);
}
#endregion
}
}
// 时钟内部时针、分针、秒针角度计算及星期显示的类: ClockConverters.cs
// 由于WPF中旋转角度是以度单位,计算为绕一个圆周时,为360度。所以,计算时以360度来计算。
using System;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Windows.Data;
namespace BrawDraw.Com.WPF.Clock
{
// 一分钟60秒,一周为360度,所以,一秒钟就占6度,所以是:秒数×6。
[ValueConversion(typeof(DateTime), typeof(int))]
public class SecondsConverter : IValueConverter
{
public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
{
DateTime date = (DateTime)value;
return date.Second * 6;
}
public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
{
return null;
}
}
// 一小时是60分钟,一周为360度,所以,一分钟就占6度,所以是:分钟数×6。
[ValueConversion(typeof(DateTime), typeof(int))]
public class MinutesConverter : IValueConverter
{
public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
{
DateTime date = (DateTime)value;
return date.Minute * 6;
}
public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
{
return null;
}
}
// 时钟上显示12小时,一周为360度,这样,每小时占30度,考虑分钟所占角度是分钟数/2,所以结果是:小时数×30 + 分钟数/2。
[ValueConversion(typeof(DateTime), typeof(int))]
public class HoursConverter : IValueConverter
{
public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
{
DateTime date = (DateTime)value;
return (date.Hour * 30) + (date.Minute / 2);
}
public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
{
return null;
}
}
[ValueConversion(typeof(DateTime), typeof(string))]
public class WeekdayConverter : IValueConverter
{
public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
{
DateTime date = (DateTime)value;
return date.DayOfWeek.ToString().Substring(0,3);
}
public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
{
return null;
}
}
}
剩下的就十分简单,程序的显示部分(XAML代码):
// MainWindow.xaml
<Window
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:customControl="clr-namespace:BrawDraw.Com.WPF.Clock.ControlLibrary;assembly=CustomControlLibrary"
xmlns:local="clr-namespace:BrawDraw.Com.WPF.Clock"
x:Class="BrawDraw.Com.WPF.Clock.Window1"
Title="WPF Clock" Height="394" Width="332"
>
<StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Center">
<StackPanel.Resources>
<local:SecondsConverter x:Key="secondsConverter"/>
<local:MinutesConverter x:Key="minutesConverter"/>
<local:HoursConverter x:Key="hoursConverter"/>
<local:WeekdayConverter x:Key="weekdayConverter"/>
<Style x:Key=