CentOS 8常用操作

Centos 8镜像源文件修改：

1. 备份

mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Linux-BaseOS.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Linux-BaseOS.repo.backup

2. 下载新的 CentOS-Base.repo 到 /etc/yum.repos.d

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Linux-BaseOS.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-8.repo
#或者
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Linux-BaseOS.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-8.repo

3. 运行 yum makecache 重新生成缓存

注意：

非阿里云ECS用户会出现 Couldn’t resolve host ‘mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com’ 信息，不影响使用。用户也可自行修改相关配置: eg:

sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Linux-BaseOS.repo

Centos 8 修改静态地址：

模板：

cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens32
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=eth1
UUID=066b4926-b40c-4c28-a5b4-2310d2b96613
DEVICE=eth1
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.56.101     # ip地址
NETMASK=255.255.255.0     # 子网掩码 
GATEWAY=192.168.56.100     # 网关
DNS1=192.168.56.100            # DNS服务器
PREFIX=24

1. 查看网口信息

   sudo nmcli c show  # 相当于 cmcli connection show 简写，查看连接配置信息
   NAME UUID                                  TYPE DEVICE
   ens32 066b4926-b40c-4c28-a5b4-2310d2b96613 ethernet ens32               
   

2. 修改网口信息

   sudo vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
   

3. 重新加载网口

   #方法1
   sudo nmcli device reapply eth1 
   
   #方法2
   sudo nmcli con reload && nmcli con up eth1
   
   #方法3
   sudo nmcli networking off && nmcli networking on
   

Centos 8 安装Docker：

1. 删除旧的 docker 程序

    # 查询本机是够安装docker相关程序
    sudo yum list installed|grep docker
    # 删除docker程序
    sudo  yum -y remove  docker.xxx docker.xxx
   

2. 安装程序依赖

   sudo yum install -y yum-utils  device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 libseccomp-devel 
   

3. 设置 yum 源（使用国内源）

   sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
   

4. 更新镜像缓存

   sudo yum makecache
   

5. 安装docker镜像

   sudo yum install docker-ce
   # 查看docker版本号
   sudo docker --version
   Docker version 20.10.5, build 55c4c88
   

6. docker 优化

   #建立docker组
   sudo groupadd docker
   #将当前用户加入 docker 组
   sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
   
   # 开启docker 服务
   sudo systemctl start docker
   # 设置docker 开机启动
   sudo systemctl enable docker
   Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
   
   #阿里云docker镜像加速
   sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
   sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
   {
     "registry-mirrors": ["https://o22zvpb7.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
   }
   EOF
   sudo systemctl daemon-reload
   sudo systemctl restart docker
   

注意：

podman 错误：

原因是 Centos 8默认使用podman 代替 docker

错误：
 问题: problem with installed package podman-1.4.2-5.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.x86_64
  - package podman-1.4.2-5.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.x86_64 requires runc, but none of the providers can be installed
  - package podman-2.0.5-5.module_el8.3.0+512+b3b58dca.x86_64 requires runc >= 1.0.0-57, but none of the providers can be installed
  - package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-60.rc8.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-60.rc8.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with runc provided by runc-1.0.0-68.rc92.module_el8.3.0+475+c50ce30b.x86_64
  - package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el8.x86_64 obsoletes runc provided by runc-1.0.0-68.rc92.module_el8.3.0+475+c50ce30b.x86_64
  - package docker-ce-3:20.10.2-3.el8.x86_64 requires containerd.io >= 1.4.1, but none of the providers can be installed
  - cannot install the best candidate for the job
  - package runc-1.0.0-56.rc5.dev.git2abd837.module_el8.3.0+569+1bada2e4.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering
  - package runc-1.0.0-64.rc10.module_el8.3.0+479+69e2ae26.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering
(尝试在命令行中添加 '--allowerasing' 来替换冲突的软件包 或 '--skip-broken' 来跳过无法安装的软件包 或 '--nobest' 来不只使用最佳选择的软件包)

卸载后重新安装即可：

rpm -q podman
podman-1.4.2-5.module_el8.1.0+237+63e26edc.x86_64
# 删除 podman
sudo dnf remove podman -y

containerd.io 错误:

Error: 
 Problem: package docker-ce-3:20.10.1-3.el7.x86_64 requires containerd.io >= 1.4.1, but none of the providers can be installed
  - cannot install the best candidate for the job
  - package containerd.io-1.4.3-3.1.el7.x86_64 is filtered out by modular filtering

安装最新的 containerd.io containerd.io 地址

sudo yum install -y https://download.docker.com/linux/fedora/30/x86_64/stable/Packages/containerd.io-1.2.13-3.2.fc30.x86_64.rpm

安装完成后继续 docker-ce 的安装

Centos 8 安装 docker-compose：

# 使用国内加速代理进行加速下载
sudo curl -L https://get.daocloud.io/docker/compose/releases/download/1.28.5/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` > /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
# docker-compose 文件授权
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

其中版本号替换为当前最新版本号：docker-compose 官方 install