REST风格-简化mvc注解

REST风格-简化mvc注解

注解

@RestController // 类注解 简化   等同于@Controller与@ResponseBody两个注解组合功能
方法的增删改优化注解
@GetMapping      //方法上  查询操作 
@PostMapping     //方法上  增加操作
@PutMapping      //方法上  修改操作 
@DeleteMapping   //方法上  删除操作

(@PathVariable Integer id)   //形参注解  出现在根据id删除和根据id查询中

1.REST介绍

传统风格资源描述形式
http://localhost/user/getById?id=1
http://localhost/user/saveUser
REST风格描述形式
http://localhost/user/1
http://localhost/user

2.优点

1.隐藏资源的访问行为，无法通过地址得知对资源是何种操作
2.书写简化

例:基于RESTful页面数据交互

//POJO实体类
public class Book {
    private Integer id;
    private String type;
    private String name;
    private String description;
    //同学们自己重写getter、setter、toString()方法...
}

//SpringMVC容器初始化类
public class ServletContainersInitConfig extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
    protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
        return new Class[0];
    }

    protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
        return new Class[]{SpringMvcConfig.class};
    }

    protected String[] getServletMappings() {
        return new String[]{"/"};
    }
    //乱码处理
    @Override
    protected Filter[] getServletFilters() {
        CharacterEncodingFilter filter = new CharacterEncodingFilter();
        filter.setEncoding("UTF-8");
        return new Filter[]{filter};
    }
}

//SpringMVC配置类
@Configuration
@ComponentScan({"com.itheima.controller","com.itheima.config"})
@EnableWebMvc //在配置类 开启json数据类型自动转换
public class SpringMvcConfig {
}

2.controller层

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/books")
public class BookController {

    @PostMapping
    public String save(@RequestBody Book book){
        System.out.println("book save ==> "+ book);
        return "{'module':'book save success'}";
    }

    @GetMapping
    public List<Book> getAll(){
        System.out.println("book getAll is running ...");
        List<Book> bookList = new ArrayList<Book>();

        Book book1 = new Book();
        book1.setType("计算机");
        book1.setName("SpringMVC入门教程");
        book1.setDescription("小试牛刀");
        bookList.add(book1);

        Book book2 = new Book();
        book2.setType("计算机");
        book2.setName("SpringMVC实战教程");
        book2.setDescription("一代宗师");
        bookList.add(book2);

        Book book3 = new Book();
        book3.setType("计算机丛书");
        book3.setName("SpringMVC实战教程进阶");
        book3.setDescription("一代宗师呕心创作");
        bookList.add(book3);

        return bookList;
    }
}

3.设置对静态资源的访问放行(配置静态资源路径)

//在springcongfig包下创建静态资源的访问放行

@Configuration    //右键o resource  add
public class SpringMvcSupport extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {
    //设置静态资源访问过滤，当前类需要设置为配置类，并被扫描加载
    @Override
    protected void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
        //当访问/pages/????时候，从/pages目录下查找内容
        registry.addResourceHandler("/pages/**")
            .addResourceLocations("/pages/");
        registry.addResourceHandler("/js/**")
            .addResourceLocations("/js/");                
        registry.addResourceHandler("/css/**")
            .addResourceLocations("/css/");       
        registry.addResourceHandler("/plugins/**")
            .addResourceLocations("/plugins/");
    }
}

4.前端页面通过异步提交访问后台控制器

//添加
saveBook () {
    axios.post("/books",this.formData).then((res)=>{

    });
},
//主页列表查询
getAll() {
    axios.get("/books").then((res)=>{
        this.dataList = res.data;
    });
},