django缓存 学习笔记

数据库缓存

1. setting.py文件配置

CACHES = {
    'default': {
        'BACKEND': 'django.core.cache.backends.db.DatabaseCache',
        'LOCATION': 'db_cache',         # 指定缓存表
    }
}

2. 创建cache表
   表名需和配置文件文件保持一致

python manage.py createcachetable db_cache

3. 视图函数中使用

def cache_fruits(request):
    print(request.path)
    db_cache = caches["default"]        # 获取数据库缓存
    data = db_cache.get("fruits_cache")
    if data:
        print("缓存命中了，下面展示的是缓存的数据")
        return HttpResponse(data)
    else:
        print("没找到缓存，只能硬着头皮往前冲")
        time.sleep(2)
        fruits = ["apple", "banana", "orange", "watermelon"]
        response = render(request, "my_app/h_pager_cache/cache_fruits.html", {"fruits": fruits})
        db_cache.set("fruits_cache", response.content, timeout=10)    # 将缓存写入数据库并设置有效时间为10秒
        return response

Redis缓存

redis安装

1. 安装依赖包

pip install django-redis
pip install django-redis-cache

2. setting.py文件配置

# 缓存配置
CACHES = {
    'default': {
        'BACKEND': 'django.core.cache.backends.db.DatabaseCache',
        'LOCATION': 'db_cache',         # 指定缓存表
    },
    'Redis': {
        'BACKEND': "django_redis.cache.RedisCache",
        'LOCATION': 'redis://127.0.0.1:6379/1',            # 指定缓存数据库
        'OPTIONS': {
            'CLIENT_CLASS': 'django_redis.client.DefaultClient',
        }
    },
}

3. 视图函数中使用

def redis_cache(request):
    cache = caches["Redis"]
    result = cache.get("fruits")       # 获取redis的缓存
    if result:
        print("缓存命中了，下面展示的是缓存的数据")
        return HttpResponse(result)
    else:
        print("没找到缓存，只能硬着头皮往前冲")
        time.sleep(5)
        fruits = ["apple", "banana", "orange"]
        response = render(request, "my_app/h_pager_cache/cache_fruits.html", {"fruits": fruits})
        cache.set("fruits", response.content, timeout=600)
        return response

Memcache缓存

Mecache安装

1. 依赖安装

pip install python-memcached

2. setting.py文件配置

'Memcached': {
        'BACKEND': 'django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache',
        'LOCATION': '127.0.0.1:11211'
    }

3. 视图函数中使用

def mem_cache(request):
    cache = caches["Memcached"]
    result = cache.get("fruits")       # 获取redis的缓存
    if result:
        print("缓存命中了，下面展示的是缓存的数据")
        return HttpResponse(result)
    else:
        print("没找到缓存，只能硬着头皮往前冲")
        time.sleep(5)
        fruits = ["苹果", "香蕉", "橘子", "西瓜"]
        response = render(request, "my_app/h_pager_cache/cache_fruits.html", {"fruits": fruits})
        cache.set("fruits", response.content, timeout=300)
        return response

程序层缓存

from django.views.decorators.cache import cache_page


@cache_page(30)         # 设置过期时间30秒
def dev_cache(request):
    fruits = ["苹果", "香蕉", "橘子", "西瓜"]
    return render(request, "my_app/h_pager_cache/cache_fruits.html", {"fruits": fruits})