本文的主要目的在于理解
numpy.ndarray
的内存结构及其背后的设计哲学。
ndarray是什么
NumPy provides an N-dimensional array type, the ndarray, which describes a collection of “items” of the same type. The items can be indexed using for example N integers.
—— from https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy-1.17.0/reference/arrays.html
ndarray是numpy中的多维数组,数组中的元素具有相同的类型,且可以被索引。
如下所示:
>>> import numpy as np
>>> a = np.array([[0,1,2,3],[4,5,6,7],[8,9,10,11]])
>>> a
array([[ 0, 1, 2, 3],
[ 4, 5, 6, 7],
[ 8, 9, 10, 11]])
>>> type(a)
<class 'numpy.ndarray'>
>>> a.dtype
dtype('int32')
>>> a[1,2]
6
>>> a[:,1:3]
array([[ 1, 2],
[ 5, 6],
[ 9, 10]])
>>> a.ndim
2
>>> a.shape
(3, 4)
>>> a