第14章 Promise 对象

Promise 对象有以下两个特点：
1。对象的状态不收外接影响。有3种状态： pending（进行中）、Fulfilled（已成功）和Rejected（已失败）
2. 一旦状态改编就不会再变

14.2 

var promise = new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
  // ... some code
  
  if(/* 异步操作成功 */) {
    resolve(value);
  } else {
    reject(error);
  }
})

function timeout(ms) {
  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    setTimeout(resolve, ms, 'done');
  })
}

timeout(100).then((value) => {
  console.log(value);
});

let promise = new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
  console.log('Promise');
  resolve();
  reject();
})

promise.then(function () {
  console.log("Resolved.");
}, function() {
  console.log("reject.");
})

console.log("Hi!");

//异步加载图片
function loadImageAsync(url) {
  return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
    var image = new Image();
    
    image.onload = function () {
      resolve(image);
    };
    
    image.onerror = function () {
      reject(new Error('Could not load image at ' + url));
    };
    
    image.src = url;
  })
}

14.3

var getJSON = function (url) {
  var promise = new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
    var client = new XMLHttpRequest();
    client.open("get", url);
    client.onreadystatechange = handler;
    client.responseType = 'json';
    client.setRequestHeader('Accept', 'application/json');
    client.send();
    
    function handler () {
      if(this.readyState !== 4) {
        return ;
      }
      if(this.status === 200) {
        resolve(this.response);
      } else {
        reject(new Error(this.stausText));
      }
    };
  });
  
  return promise;
}

getJSON("posts.json").then(function (json) {
  console.log("Contents: " + json);
}, function (error) {
  console.error("出错了", error);
})

getJSON("/api/articles?type=more&category=home&shown_offset=1578406645819228").then(function (json) {
  console.log("Contents: " + json);
	return json;
}, function (error) {
  console.error("出错了", error);
}).then(function(json) {
	console.log("then two " + json);
	return JSON
}).then(function(json) {
	console.log("then three " + json)
})

getJSON("/post/1.json").then(function (post) {
  return getJSON(post.commentURL);
}).then(function(comments) {
  console.log("Resolved: ", comments);
}, function() {
  console.log("Rejected: ", err);
});

14.4

getJSON('/posts.json').then(function (posts) {
  // ...
}).catch(function (error) {
  // 处理 getJSON 和前一个回调很熟运行时发生的错误；
  console.log("发生错误！ "， error);
});

p.then((val) => console.log('fulfiled: ', val))
  .catch((err) => console.log('rejected', err))

// 等同于
p.then((val) => console.log('fulfiled: ', val))
  .then(null, (err) => console.log('rejected', err))

var promise = new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
  throw new Error('text')
});

promise.catch(function (error) {
  console.log(error);
});

// 写法一
var promise = new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
  try {
    throw new Error('test');
  } catch(e) {
    reject(e);
  }
});
promise.catch(function (error) {
  console.log(error);
})

//写法二
var promise = new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
  reject(new Error('test'));
})
promise.catch(function (error) {
  console.log(error);
});

// bad 
promise
  .then(function (data) {
    // success
  }, function (err) {
    // error
  })

// good
promise
  .then(function (data) {
    // success
  })
  .catche(function (err) {
    // err
  });

14.5 Promise.all()

var promises = [2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13].map(function (id) {
  return getJSON('/post/' + id + ".json");
});

Promise.all(promises)
  .then(function (posts) {
    // ...
  }). catch(function (reason) {
    // ...
  });

const databasePromise = connectDatabase();

const booksPromise = databasePromise
  .then(findAllBooks);

const userPromise = databasePromise
  .then(getCurrentUser);

Promise.all([
  booksPromise, 
  userPromise
])
  .then(([books, user]) => picktopRecommentations(books, user));

14.6 Promise.race()

const p = Promise.race([
  fatch('/resource-that-may-take-a-while'),
  new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
    setTimeout(() => reject(new Error('request timeout')), 5000)
  })
]);
p.then(response => console.log(response));
p.catch(error => console.log(error));

14.7 Promise.resolve()

14.8 Promise .reject()

14.ll Promise.try()