EOS：一些必要的知识与常见错误：cloes工具（杂谈）1

巨坑，虚拟机挂了。。。。。测试账户什么全没了。重整精神重来，重新整理一下，理出大致框架
nodeos的配置文档：~./local/share/eosio/nodeos/config
nodeos 重启后 ./nodeos --hard-replay-blockchain /nodeos --resync
nodeos --replay-blockchain --hard-replay-blockchain

[root@bogon config]# cleos --help

文本信息
Command Line Interface to EOSIO Client
Usage: cleos [OPTIONS] SUBCOMMAND

Options:
  -h,--help                   Print this help message and exit   获取帮助信息
  -u,--url TEXT=http://127.0.0.1:8888/
                              the http/https URL where nodeos is running
  --wallet-url TEXT=unix:///root/eosio-wallet/keosd.sock
                              the http/https URL where keosd is running
  -r,--header                 pass specific HTTP header; repeat this option to pass multiple headers
  -n,--no-verify              don't verify peer certificate when using HTTPS
  --no-auto-keosd             don't automatically launch a keosd if one is not currently running
  -v,--verbose                output verbose actions on error   //输出冗长的错误信息
  --print-request             print HTTP request to STDERR //向标准输出打印http请求
  --print-response            print HTTP response to STDERR //向标准输出打印http响应

Subcommands:
  version                     Retrieve version information //检索版本信息
  create                      Create various items, on and off the blockchain //创建，启动和关闭链上的各种项目
  convert                     Pack and unpack transactions //打包和解压交易
  get                         Retrieve various items and information from the blockchain
  set                         Set or update blockchain state
  transfer                    Transfer EOS from account to account
  net                         Interact with local p2p network connections
  wallet                      Interact with local wallet
  sign                        Sign a transaction
  push                        Push arbitrary transactions to the blockchain
  multisig                    Multisig contract commands
  wrap                        Wrap contract commands
  system                      Send eosio.system contract action to the blockchain.

cleos [OPTIONS] SUBCOMMAND [OPTIONS]选项 SUBCOMMAND子命令

version ：版本
Subcommands:

[root@bogon config]# cleos version client
Build version: 59626f1e

a. create:创建账户和密钥对

[root@bogon config]# cleos create

输出：

Subcommands:
  key                         Create a new keypair and print the public and private keys
  //创建新的密钥对和打印公钥和私钥
  account                     Create a new account on the blockchain (assumes system contract does not restrict RAM usage)
  //创建区块链上的账户（假定系统合约不限制RAM使用）

1.创建密钥对

Cleos create key -h

Options:
  -h,--help                   Print this help message and exit
  --r1                        Generate a key using the R1 curve (iPhone), instead of the K1 curve (Bitcoin)
  -f,--file TEXT              Name of file to write private/public key output to. (Must be set, unless "--to-console" is passed   //将密钥对生成输出到文件中
  --to-console                Print private/public keys to console. //在控制台上显示

以–to-console为例：

[root@bogon config]# cleos create key  --to-console 

输出：

2.创建账户

[root@bogon config]# cleos create account eosio bob EOS4uUhxvwm1DdDETv2g8NFgVRCZWzChAcciC4ek2tLuu6oBLDbtw 

输出：

b.convert

[root@bogon config]# cleos convert 

Subcommands:
  pack_transaction            From plain signed json  to packed form
  unpack_transaction          From packed to plain signed json form
  pack_action_data            From json action data to packed form
  unpack_action_data          From packed to json action data form

输出：

c.**get:**重要的，用与从区块中获取信息。

[root@bogon config]# cleos get

Subcommands:
  info                        Get current blockchain information  //获得当前区块的信息
  block                       Retrieve a full block from the blockchain //获得指定区块的信息
  account                     Retrieve an account from the blockchain //j检索区块链中的一个账户
  code                        Retrieve the code and ABI for an account
  abi                         Retrieve the ABI for an account
  table                       Retrieve the contents of a database table
  scope                       Retrieve a list of scopes and tables owned by a contract
  currency                    Retrieve information related to standard currencies
  accounts                    Retrieve accounts associated with a public key
  servants                    Retrieve accounts which are servants of a given account 
  transaction                 Retrieve a transaction from the blockchain
  actions                     Retrieve all actions with specific account name referenced in authorization or receiver
  schedule                    Retrieve the producer schedule
  transaction_id              Get transaction id given transaction object

测试：
1.

[root@bogon config]# cleos get info

{
  "server_version": "59626f1e",
  "chain_id": "cf057bbfb72640471fd910bcb67639c22df9f92470936cddc1ade0e2f2e7dc4f",
  "head_block_num": 10187,
  "last_irreversible_block_num": 10186,
  "last_irreversible_block_id": "000027cadb2dbda86aa16637bc55b775f6f6dda46efb0cfb42198f2bf44498d5",
  "head_block_id": "000027cb90c5b9a60aae26dd83c4a256a2e31fdb9f95f9249f6476f83bcd40d1",
  "head_block_time": "2018-12-08T18:14:54.500",
  "head_block_producer": "eosio",
  "virtual_block_cpu_limit": 200000000,
  "virtual_block_net_limit": 1048576000,
  "block_cpu_limit": 199900,
  "block_net_limit": 1048576,
  "server_version_string": "v1.4.4-dirty"
}

[root@bogon config]# cleos get block

Positionals:
  block TEXT                  The number or ID of the block to retrieve (required) //指定区块的ID号

Options:
  --header-state              Get block header state from fork database instead
                                      //获取区块的头部状态

输出：

block TEXT 指的是 head_block_num，头部区块编号

[root@bogon config]# cleos get block 10187

输出：

[root@bogon config]# cleos get account

Usage: cleos get account [OPTIONS] name [core-symbol]

Positionals:
  name TEXT                   The name of the account to retrieve (required)//检索账户的名字
  core-symbol TEXT            The expected core symbol of the chain you are querying

Options:
  -j,--json                   Output in JSON format //以json格式输出

[root@bogon config]# cleos get account bob

看到bob的信息

created: 2018-12-08T18:40:00.500
permissions: 
     owner     1:    1 EOS4uUhxvwm1DdDETv2g8NFgVRCZWzChAcciC4ek2tLuu6oBLDbtw
        active     1:    1 EOS4uUhxvwm1DdDETv2g8NFgVRCZWzChAcciC4ek2tLuu6oBLDbtw
memory: 
     quota:       unlimited  used:      2.66 KiB  

net bandwidth: 
     used:               unlimited
     available:          unlimited
     limit:              unlimited

cpu bandwidth:
     used:               unlimited
     available:          unlimited
     limit:              unlimited

1.查看区块信息
cleos -u http://127.0.0.1:8888 get info
输出：

…待续