萌小宠项目————环境搭建（一）

最新推荐文章于 2023-05-06 11:19:46 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-05-06 11:19:46 发布

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大数据环境搭建

在这里插入图片描述

一、Docker安装

1.1 Centos Docker安装

# 镜像比较大, 需要准备一个网络稳定的环境
# 其中--mirror Aliyun代表使用阿里源
curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | bash -s docker --mirror Aliyun

1.2 Ubuntu Docker安装【推荐】

curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | bash -s docker --mirror Aliyun
上面运行不成功用下面的
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

yum install docker-ce

1.3 MacOs Docker安装

# 下载安装包, 拖动安装即可
https://hub.docker.com/editions/community/docker-ce-desktop-mac/

1.4 Windows Docker安装【不推荐】

# win10家庭版 【参考】
https://docs.docker.com/docker-for-windows/install-windows-home/

# win10专业版、商业版或教育版 【参考】
https://docs.docker.com/docker-for-windows/install/

二、容器准备

su root mima
systemctl start docker
docker start singleNode

2.1 拉取镜像

docker pull centos:7

2.2 启动并创建容器

docker run -itd --privileged --name singleNode -h singleNode \
-p 2222:22 \
-p 3306:3306 \
-p 8020:8020 \
-p 9870:9870 \
-p 19888:19888 \
-p 8088:8088 \
-p 9083:9083 \
-p 10000:10000 \
-p 2181:2181 \
-p 9092:9092 \
-p 8091:8091 \
-p 8080:8080 \
-p 16010:16010 \
-p 4000:4000 \
-p 3000:3000 \
centos:7 /usr/sbin/init

# 其中端口号解释
2222:22# SSH
3306:3306 #MySQL
8020:8020 # HDFS RPC
9870:9870 # HDFS web UI
19888:19888 # Yarn job history 
8088:8088 # Yarn web UI
9083:9083 # Hive metastore
10000:10000 # HiveServer2
2181:2181 # zk
9092:9092 # kafka
8091:8091 # flink

2.3 进入容器

docker exec -it singleNode /bin/bash

三、环境准备

3.1 安装必要软件

yum clean all
yum -y install unzip bzip2-devel vim bashname
yum install kde-l10n-Chinese -y
yum install glibc-common -y
localedef -c -f UTF-8 -i zh_CN zh_CN.utf8
echo "export LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8" >> /etc/locale.conf
echo "LC_ALL zh_CN.UTF-8" >> ~/.bashrc

3.2 配置SSH免密登录

# 修改root密码
passwd root  # 输入两次密码

# 安装必要SSH服务
yum install -y openssh openssh-server openssh-clients openssl openssl-devel 
# 生成秘钥
ssh-keygen -t rsa -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa -P '' 
# 配置免密
cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
# 方式2: ssh-copy-id
# 启动SSH服务
systemctl start sshd

3.3 设置时区

cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime

3.4 关闭防火墙

yum -y install firewalld
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld

3.5 时间同步、静态ip、主机映射

由于本次课使用docker进行环境搭建，所以对于静态ip和主机映射可以不用配置
由于本次课搭建的是单节点的伪分布式集群，所以时间同步可以用不设置
如果在物理机上搭建多节点的完全分布式集群则必须配置

SSH连接到宿主机，ip为宿主机ip，端口为容器映射的端口

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-7fdCp8Oj-1627893901945)(数据仓库环境部署.pic/image-20210802110310426.png)]

四、MySQL安装

4.1 上传解压安装包

cd /opt/software/
tar xvf MySQL-5.5.40-1.linux2.6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

4.2 安装必要依赖

yum -y install libaio perl

4.3 安装服务端和客户端

rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.5.40-1.linux2.6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.5.40-1.linux2.6.x86_64.rpm

4.4 启动并配置MySQL

方式一

# 启动服务
systemctl start mysql
# 修改MySQL密码
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'root'
# 登陆MySQL设置权限
mysql -uroot -proot 
> update mysql.user set host='%' where host='localhost';
> delete from mysql.user where host<>'%' or user='';
> flush privileges;

方式二

# 启动服务
systemctl start mysql
# 执行MySQL的初始化
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
# 输入一次回车, 两次相同的密码进行修改密码
# Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] 是否移除掉anonymous用户  n
# Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] 是否允许root用户远程登录 y
# Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] 是否移除掉test数据库 n
# Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] 是否现在刷新权限 y

# 登陆MySQL设置权限
mysql -uroot -proot 
> update mysql.user set host='%' where host='localhost';
> delete from mysql.user where host<>'%' or user='';
> flush privileges;

五、安装JDK

5.1 上传并解压

tar zxvf /opt/software/jdk-8u171-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /opt/install/
ln -s /opt/install/jdk1.8.0_171 /opt/install/java

5.2 配置环境变量

环境变量配置在 ~/.bashrc 里

vi ~/.bashrc
-------------------------------------------
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/install/java
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
-------------------------------------------
source ~/.bashrc

5.3 查看版本

java -version

六、Hadoop安装

6.1 上传并解压

tar zxvf hadoop-3.2.1.tar.gz -C /opt/install/
ln -s /opt/install/hadoop-3.2.1/ /opt/install/hadoop

6.2 修改配置

# 进入路径
cd /opt/install/hadoop/etc/hadoop/

6.2.1 配置core-site.xml

vi core-site.xml
-------------------------------------------
<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
        <value>hdfs://singleNode:8020</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
        <value>/opt/install/hadoop/data</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hadoop.proxyuser.root.hosts</name>
        <value>*</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hadoop.proxyuser.root.groups</name>
        <value>*</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hadoop.http.staticuser.user</name>
        <value>root</value>
    </property>
</configuration>
-------------------------------------------

6.2.2 配置hdfs-site.xml

vi hdfs-site.xml
-------------------------------------------
<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.replication</name>
        <value>1</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>
        <value>singleNode:9868</value>
    </property>
</configuration>
-------------------------------------------

6.2.3 配置mapred-site.xml

vi mapred-site.xml
-------------------------------------------
<configuration>
  <property>
    <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
    <value>yarn</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>
    <value>singleNode:10020</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>
    <value>singleNode:19888</value>
  </property>
</configuration>
-------------------------------------------

6.2.4 配置yarn-site.xml

vi yarn-site.xml
-------------------------------------------
<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
        <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
        <value>singleNode</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.env-whitelist</name>
        <value>JAVA_HOME,HADOOP_COMMON_HOME,HADOOP_HDFS_HOME,HADOOP_CONF_DIR,CLASSPATH_PREPEND_DISTCACHE,HADOOP_YARN_HOME,HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.scheduler.minimum-allocation-mb</name>
        <value>512</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.scheduler.maximum-allocation-mb</name>
        <value>4096</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.resource.memory-mb</name>
        <value>4096</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.pmem-check-enabled</name>
        <value>false</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.vmem-check-enabled</name>
        <value>false</value>
    </property>

    <property>
        <name>yarn.log-aggregation-enable</name>
        <value>true</value>
    </property>
    <property>  
        <name>yarn.log.server.url</name>  
        <value>http://${yarn.timeline-service.webapp.address}/applicationhistory/logs</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.log-aggregation.retain-seconds</name>
        <value>604800</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.timeline-service.enabled</name>
        <value>true</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.timeline-service.hostname</name>
        <value>${yarn.resourcemanager.hostname}</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.timeline-service.http-cross-origin.enabled</name>
        <value>true</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.system-metrics-publisher.enabled</name>
        <value>true</value>
    </property>
</configuration>
-------------------------------------------

6.2.5 配置hadoop-env.sh

vi hadoop-env.sh --55
-------------------------------------------
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/install/java
-------------------------------------------

6.2.6 配置mapred-env.sh

vi mapred-env.sh 
-------------------------------------------
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/install/java
-------------------------------------------

6.2.7 配置yarn-env.sh

vi yarn-env.sh
-------------------------------------------
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/install/java
-------------------------------------------

6.2.8 配置works

vi works
-------------------------------------------
singleNode
-------------------------------------------

6.3 添加变量

vi ~/.bashrc
------------------------------------------------
export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/install/hadoop
export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop
export PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$PATH
------------------------------------------------
source ~/.bashrc

# 以下两个配置文件都需要配置 切记：配置在前边，不要配置在最后
vi $HADOOP_HOME/sbin/start-dfs.sh
vi $HADOOP_HOME/sbin/stop-dfs.sh
------------------------------------------------
HDFS_NAMENODE_USER=root 
HDFS_DATANODE_USER=root 
HDFS_SECONDARYNAMENODE_USER=root 
YARN_RESOURCEMANAGER_USER=root 
YARN_NODEMANAGER_USER=root
------------------------------------------------

# 以下两个配置文件都需要配置 切记：配置在前边，不要配置在最后
vi $HADOOP_HOME/sbin/start-yarn.sh
vi $HADOOP_HOME/sbin/stop-yarn.sh
------------------------------------------------
YARN_RESOURCEMANAGER_USER=root 
HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER=yarn 
YARN_NODEMANAGER_USER=root
------------------------------------------------

6.4 HDFS格式化

hdfs namenode -format

6.5 启动Hadoop服务

# 启动HDFS
$HADOOP_HOME/sbin/start-dfs.sh
# 启动yarn
$HADOOP_HOME/sbin/start-yarn.sh
# 启动历史服务器
mapred --daemon start historyserver

6.6 Web端查看

查看9870端口

查看8088端口

七、Hive安装

7.1 上传并解压

tar zxvf /opt/software/apache-hive-3.1.2-bin.tar.gz -C /opt/install/
ln -s /opt/install/apache-hive-3.1.2-bin/ /opt/install/hive

7.2 修改配置

# 进入路径
cd /opt/install/hive/conf/

7.2.1 修改hive-site.xml

cp hive-default.xml.template hive-site.xml
vi hive-site.xml
# ！！！注意：删除掉原来的默认配置 dG 从当前行删除到最后一行
-------------------------------------------
<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
        <value>jdbc:mysql://singleNode:3306/metastore?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
        <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
        <value>root</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
        <value>root</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name>
        <value>/user/hive/warehouse</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hive.metastore.schema.verification</name>
        <value>false</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hive.metastore.uris</name>
        <value>thrift://singleNode:9083</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hive.server2.thrift.port</name>
        <value>10000</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hive.server2.thrift.bind.host</name>
        <value>singleNode</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hive.metastore.event.db.notification.api.auth</name>
        <value>false</value>
    </property>
</configuration>
-------------------------------------------

7.2.2 修改hive-env.sh

cp hive-env.sh.template hive-env.sh
vi hive-env.sh
-------------------------------------------
HADOOP_HOME=/opt/install/hadoop
-------------------------------------------

7.3 添加依赖包

cp /opt/software/mysql-connector-java-5.1.31.jar /opt/install/hive/lib/

7.4 添加环境变量

vi ~/.bashrc
------------------------------------------------
export HIVE_HOME=/opt/install/hive
export PATH=$HIVE_HOME/bin:$PATH
------------------------------------------------
source ~/.bashrc

7.5 启动服务

# 初始化元数据表
schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema
# 启动hiveserver2服务
nohup hive --service hiveserver2 &
# 启动元数据服务
nohup hive --service metastore &

#############报错 Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoSuchMethodError ################
# jar 包冲突, 需要删除低版本包
rm -rf /opt/install/hive/lib/guava-19.0.jar
cp /opt/install/hadoop/share/hadoop/common/lib/guava-27.0-jre.jar /opt/install/hive/lib/
测试：
beeline -u jdbc:hive2://singleNode:10000 -n root -p 0000 --color=true

7.6 Jps查看

八、Sqoop安装

8.1 上传并解压

tar zxvf /opt/software/sqoop-1.4.7.bin__hadoop-2.6.0.tar.gz -C /opt/install/
ln -s /opt/install/sqoop-1.4.7.bin__hadoop-2.6.0/ /opt/install/sqoop

8.2 修改sqoop-env.sh

cd /opt/install/sqoop/conf/
cp sqoop-env-template.sh sqoop-env.sh
vi sqoop-env.sh
-------------------------------------------
#Set path to where bin/hadoop is available
export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=/opt/install/hadoop

#Set path to where hadoop-*-core.jar is available
export HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=/opt/install/hadoop

#Set the path to where bin/hive is available
export HIVE_HOME=/opt/install/hive
-------------------------------------------

8.3 添加依赖包

cp /opt/software/mysql-connector-java-5.1.31.jar /opt/install/sqoop/lib/
cp /opt/software/commons-lang-2.6.jar /opt/install/sqoop/lib/
cp /opt/software/java-json.jar /opt/install/sqoop/lib/

8.4 添加环境变量

vi ~/.bashrc
------------------------------------------------
export SQOOP_HOME=/opt/install/sqoop
export PATH=$SQOOP_HOME/bin:$PATH
------------------------------------------------

8.5 查看版本

sqoop version

九、Flume安装

9.1 上传并解压

tar zxvf /opt/software/apache-flume-1.9.0-bin.tar.gz -C /opt/install/
cd /opt/install/
ln -s apache-flume-1.9.0-bin/ flume

9.2 删除依赖

cd flume/
rm -rf lib/guava-11.0.2.jar

9.3 添加环境变量

vi ~/.bashrc
---------------------
export FLUME_HOME=/opt/install/flume
export PATH=$FLUME_HOME/bin:$PATH
---------------------
source ~/.bashrc

十、Docker常用命令

镜像操作

拉取镜像

docker pull image_name:version

# 案例
docker pull centos:7

查看镜像

docker images

删除镜像

docker rmi centos:7

容器操作

创建容器

docker run -it --name test centos:7
# -i 前台运行
# -t 提供一个终端,一般和-i连用
# -d 后台运行

查看容器

docker ps -a
# -a 显示所有容器，包括已经退出的

进入容器

docker exec -it continer_name|continer_ID bash

关闭容器

docker stop continer_name|continer_ID
# 示例
docker stop test

删除容器

docker rm test

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萌小宠项目————环境搭建（一）

大数据环境搭建一、Docker安装1.1 Centos Docker安装# 镜像比较大, 需要准备一个网络稳定的环境# 其中--mirror Aliyun代表使用阿里源curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | bash -s docker --mirror Aliyun1.2 Ubuntu Docker安装【推荐】curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | bash -s docker --mirror Aliyun上面运行不成功
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