CentOS/Ubuntu编译安装Python 3.9.10《详细》

环境预览

系统/程序	版本
ubuntu	18.04
python	3.9.10

下载软件包并安装配置

安装软件依赖

CentOS

sudo yum install -y centos-release-scl patch libffi-devel python-devel  zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel
yum -y install devtoolset-8
scl enable devtoolset-8 bash

Ubuntu

sudo apt install build-essential zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev libgdbm-dev libnss3-dev libssl-dev libreadline-dev libffi-dev

下载Python二进制包

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.9.10/Python-3.9.10.tgz

解压包

sudo tar -zxf Python-3.9.10.tgz

编译安装

cd Python-3.9.10/
# 检查依赖
#sudo ./configure --enable-optimizations
# 若是想指定安装目录可以

# 设置安装目录
sudo ./configure --prefix=/usr/lib/python3.9.10

sudo make

sudo make install
# 

添加环境(如果没有指定安装目录，可以跳过此步骤)

sudo echo "PATH=/usr/lib/python3.9.10/bin:\$PATH" >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile

# 移除原有python3
mv /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3.bak
ln -s /usr/lib/python3.9.10/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3

修改pipy源

pip install -i https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/pypi/web/simple pip -U
pip config set global.index-url https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/pypi/web/simple