java中equals和==的区别(String)

话不多说,先给出String中equals方法的源码

     /**
     * Compares this string to the specified object.  The result is {@code
     * true} if and only if the argument is not {@code null} and is a {@code
     * String} object that represents the same sequence of characters as this
     * object.
     *
     * @param  anObject
     *         The object to compare this {@code String} against
     *
     * @return  {@code true} if the given object represents a {@code String}
     *          equivalent to this string, {@code false} otherwise
     *
     * @see  #compareTo(String)
     * @see  #equalsIgnoreCase(String)
     */
    public boolean equals(Object anObject) {
        if (this == anObject) {
            return true;
        }
        if (anObject instanceof String) {
            String anotherString = (String)anObject;
            int n = value.length;
            if (n == anotherString.value.length) {
                char v1[] = value;
                char v2[] = anotherString.value;
                int i = 0;
                while (n-- != 0) {
                    if (v1[i] != v2[i])
                        return false;
                    i++;
                }
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

分析
1.代码中可以看出,方法中第一步就判断是的==,如果满足就直接返回true,否则继续往下走

if (this == anObject) {
            return true;
        }

2.再看第二个if语句,先判断传过来的对象类型是否为String,然后再比较长度,最后比较的是value
从这我们就可以想到,equals方法比较的是String变量的内容是否相同

if (anObject instanceof String) {
            String anotherString = (String)anObject;
            int n = value.length;
            if (n == anotherString.value.length) {
                char v1[] = value;
                char v2[] = anotherString.value;
                int i = 0;
                while (n-- != 0) {
                    if (v1[i] != v2[i])
                        return false;
                    i++;
                }
                return true;
            }
        }

所以,equals方法比较的是字符串内容,==判断的是是否是同一个对象,满足==必然满足equals,所以equals先判断==

给出我的练习代码

    /**
     * equals方法测试
     */
    public static void equalsTest(){
        System.out.println("*****equals方法和==测试*****");

        //两个字符串的内容相同，不用new关键字新建对象
        String firstString = "yangqi";
        String firstContentCopy = "yangqi";

        //两个字符串的内容相同，分别用new关键字新建对象
        String secondString = new String("zhoufei");
        String secondContentCopy = new String("zhoufei");

        //equals方法结果
        System.out.println("firstString("+firstString+") equals firstContentCopy("+firstContentCopy+")?");
        System.out.println(firstString.equals(firstContentCopy));//结果为true

        System.out.println("secondString("+secondString+") equals secondContentCopy("+secondContentCopy+")?");
        System.out.println(secondString.equals(secondContentCopy));//结果为true

        //==比较结果
        System.out.println("firstString("+firstString.hashCode()+")==firstContentCopy("+firstContentCopy.hashCode()+")?");
        System.out.println(firstString==firstContentCopy);//结果为true

        System.out.println("secondString("+secondString.hashCode()+")==secondContentCopy("+secondContentCopy.hashCode()+")?");
        System.out.println(secondString==secondContentCopy);//结果为false


    }

运行结果

其中,用new关键字和不用new关键字的区别,在以后的博文中探讨.