java策略模式在项目中实战案例

        策略模式把对象本身和运算规则区分开来，因此我们整个模式也分为三个部分。

• 环境类（Context）：用来操作策略的上下文环境，持有一个 Strategy 的引用
• 抽象策略（Strategy）角色：这是一个抽象角色，通常由一个接口或抽象类实现。此角色给出所有的具体策略类所需的接口。
• 具体策略（ConcreteStrategy）角色：包装了相关的算法或行为。

具体代码如下：

 1、定义抽象策略接口

package com.design.pattern.strategy.strategy;

/**
 * 抽象策略类
 */
public interface TravelerStrategy {

    void style();

}

2、具体策略类

策略类1

package com.design.pattern.strategy.concreteStrategy;

import com.design.pattern.strategy.strategy.Strategy;
import com.design.pattern.strategy.strategy.TravelerStrategy;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Slf4j
@Strategy("air")
@Component
public class AirStrategy implements TravelerStrategy {
    @Override
    public void style() {
      log.info("乘坐飞机...");
    }
}

策略类2

package com.design.pattern.strategy.concreteStrategy;

import com.design.pattern.strategy.strategy.Strategy;
import com.design.pattern.strategy.strategy.TravelerStrategy;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Slf4j
@Strategy("highTrain")
@Component
public class HighTrainStrategy implements TravelerStrategy {
    @Override
    public void style() {
        log.info("乘坐高铁...");
    }
}

策略类3

package com.design.pattern.strategy.concreteStrategy;

import com.design.pattern.strategy.strategy.Strategy;
import com.design.pattern.strategy.strategy.TravelerStrategy;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Slf4j
@Strategy("train")
@Component
public class TrainStrategy implements TravelerStrategy {
    @Override
    public void style() {
        log.info("乘坐火车...");
    }
}

3、自定义注解 @Strategy

package com.design.pattern.strategy.strategy;

import java.lang.annotation.*;

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface Strategy {

    String value();

}

4、环境类实现

package com.design.pattern.strategy.context;

import com.design.pattern.strategy.strategy.Strategy;
import com.design.pattern.strategy.strategy.TravelerStrategy;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;
import org.springframework.context.event.ContextRefreshedEvent;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@Slf4j
@Component
public class TravelerManager implements ApplicationListener<ContextRefreshedEvent>, ApplicationContextAware {

    private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    private Map<String, TravelerStrategy> map = new HashMap<>();

    @Override
    public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
        this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
    }

    @Override
    public void onApplicationEvent(ContextRefreshedEvent contextRefreshedEvent) {
        log.info("解析策略模式");
        Map<String, Object> beansWithAnnotation = applicationContext.getBeansWithAnnotation(Strategy.class);

        beansWithAnnotation.keySet().forEach(key -> {
            Object o = beansWithAnnotation.get(key);

            String value = o.getClass().getAnnotation(Strategy.class).value();
            if (o instanceof TravelerStrategy) {
                map.put(value, (TravelerStrategy) o);
            }
        });

        test("air");
        test("train");
    }

    private void test(String strategy) {
        TravelerStrategy travelerStrategy = map.get(strategy);
        travelerStrategy.style();
    }
}

 启动项目时会自动将策略封装到 map 中，根据传入的策略参数执行具体的策略，执行结果如下：