SpringBoot+Mybatis多数据源解决方案

在Spring Boot项目中整合MyBatis来实现多数据源的解决方案，可以通过一系列具体的步骤来完成。这种配置通常涉及到定义多个数据源、配置数据源属性、创建对应的SqlSessionFactory实例以及事务管理器。下面是一个详细的步骤指南和示例代码：

1. 添加依赖

首先，确保你的pom.xml文件中包含了Spring Boot和MyBatis的相关依赖：

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.zaxxer</groupId>
        <artifactId>HikariCP</artifactId>
        <version>3.4.5</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>8.0.19</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

2. 配置多数据源

在application.properties或application.yml中配置两个数据源。例如，配置primary和secondary两个数据源：

spring.datasource.primary.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_primary?useSSL=false
spring.datasource.primary.username=root
spring.datasource.primary.password=password
spring.datasource.primary.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

spring.datasource.secondary.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_secondary?useSSL=false
spring.datasource.secondary.username=root
spring.datasource.secondary.password=password
spring.datasource.secondary.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

3. 数据源配置类

创建两个配置类，每个类配置一个数据源、一个SqlSessionFactory和一个事务管理器。

@Configuration
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.example.demo.mapper.primary", sqlSessionTemplateRef  = "primarySqlSessionTemplate")
public class PrimaryDataSourceConfig {

    @Bean(name = "primaryDataSource")
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.primary")
    public DataSource primaryDataSource() {
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }

    @Bean(name = "primarySqlSessionFactory")
    public SqlSessionFactory primarySqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("primaryDataSource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception {
        SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
        bean.setDataSource(dataSource);
        bean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources("classpath*:mapper/primary/*.xml"));
        return bean.getObject();
    }

    @Bean(name = "primaryTransactionManager")
    public DataSourceTransactionManager primaryTransactionManager(@Qualifier("primaryDataSource") DataSource dataSource) {
        return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource);
    }

    @Bean(name = "primarySqlSessionTemplate")
    public SqlSessionTemplate primarySqlSessionTemplate(@Qualifier("primarySqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) throws Exception {
        return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory);
    }
}

@Configuration
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.example.demo.mapper.secondary", sqlSessionTemplateRef  = "secondarySqlSessionTemplate")
public class SecondaryDataSourceConfig {

    @Bean(name = "secondaryDataSource")
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.secondary")
    public DataSource secondaryDataSource() {
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }

    @Bean(name = "secondarySqlSessionFactory")
    public SqlSessionFactory secondarySqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("secondaryDataSource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception {
        SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
        bean.setDataSource(dataSource);
        bean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources("classpath*:mapper/secondary/*.xml"));
        return bean.getObject();
    }

    @Bean(name = "secondaryTransactionManager")
    public DataSourceTransactionManager secondaryTransactionManager(@Qualifier("secondaryDataSource") DataSource dataSource) {
        return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource);
    }

    @Bean(name = "secondarySqlSessionTemplate")
    public SqlSessionTemplate secondarySqlSessionTemplate(@Qualifier("secondarySqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) throws Exception {
        return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory);
    }
}

4. 定义Mapper XML文件

确保为每个数据源的Mapper创建正确的XML映射文件。例如，在`src/main/resources/mapper/primary`目录下和`src/main/resources/mapper/secondary`目录下放置相应的Mapper XML文件。 `primary/UserMapper.xml`示例：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.example.demo.mapper.primary.UserMapper">
    <insert id="insertUser" parameterType="com.example.demo.domain.User">
        INSERT INTO users (name, email) VALUES (#{name}, #{email})
    </insert>
    <select id="findUserById" parameterType="int" resultType="com.example.demo.domain.User">
        SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = #{id}
    </select>
</mapper>

5. 写Mapper接口

6. 运行和测试

完成以上配置后，你应该能够运行你的Spring Boot应用，并在需要时切换不同的数据源。可以通过单元测试或直接通过服务调用来验证不同数据源的功能。

这些步骤和示例代码提供了一个基本框架，如何在Spring Boot和MyBatis环境中实现多数据源的配置。根据项目的具体需求，你可能还需要做一些额外的配置或调整。