jvm自带的三个classloader
1.Bootstrap classloader,是jvm的一部分,由C写成,调用的是核心库。
sun java下,可以用以下语句查看调用类路径
URL[] urls = sun.misc.Launcher.getBootstrapClassPath().getURLs();
写道
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/resources.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/rt.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/sunrsasign.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/jsse.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/jce.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/charsets.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/jfr.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/classes
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/rt.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/sunrsasign.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/jsse.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/jce.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/charsets.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/jfr.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/classes
2.ExtClassLoader,调用系统扩展类
写道
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/ext/access-bridge.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/ext/cldrdata.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/ext/dnsns.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/ext/jaccess.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/ext/jfxrt.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/ext/localedata.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/ext/nashorn.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/ext/sunec.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/ext/sunjce_provider.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/ext/sunmscapi.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/ext/sunpkcs11.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/ext/zipfs.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/ext/cldrdata.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/ext/dnsns.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/ext/jaccess.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/ext/jfxrt.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/ext/localedata.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/ext/nashorn.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/ext/sunec.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/ext/sunjce_provider.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/ext/sunmscapi.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/ext/sunpkcs11.jar
%JAVA_HOME%/jre/lib/ext/zipfs.jar
3.AppClassLoader,调用classpath里的类
这三个类遵循双亲委派模型,也就是先每装载一个类时,先从父装载器装载,找不到才一级级往下找,这也就是classpath里的类无法覆盖jdk里自带类的原因。
像tomcat等应用,涉及到webapp隔离,所以在装载每个webapp里的类时,没有遵循双亲委派模型,而是优先自己所调用的类,另外这里有个关键点,就是隐式装载,也就是用关键字new创建对象时,装载这个类所使用的装载器是使用new关键字所在类的装载器。
以下代码可以模拟这个过程。
自定义类装载器
package jp.co.wqf;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
public class MyClassLoader extends ClassLoader {
private String name;
private String path = "D:/";
private final String fileType = ".class";
public MyClassLoader(String name){
super();
this.name = name;
}
public MyClassLoader(String name, ClassLoader cl){
super(cl);
this.name = name;
}
public String getPath() {
return path;
}
public void setPath(String path) {
this.path = path;
}
@Override
protected Class<?> findClass(String name) throws ClassNotFoundException {
byte[] data = loaderClassData(name);
return this.defineClass(name, data, 0, data.length);
}
private byte[] loaderClassData(String className){
InputStream is = null;
byte[] data = null;
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
String fileName = className.replace(".", "/");
try {
is = new FileInputStream(new File(path + fileName + fileType));
int c = 0;
while(-1 != (c = is.read())){
baos.write(c);
}
data = baos.toByteArray();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally{
try {
is.close();
baos.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return data;
}
}
测试
package jp.co.wqf;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
MyClassLoader classLoader = new MyClassLoader("classload1");
classLoader.setPath("/eclipse/workspace/Test/bin/");
try {
Class<?> clsA = classLoader.loadClass("jp.co.wqf.A");
Object objA = clsA.newInstance();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InstantiationException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
以下类不要放在上面代码的classpath里
package jp.co.wqf;
public class A {
private B b;
public A(){
this.b = new B();
}
}
package jp.co.wqf;
public class B {
private C c;
public B(){
this.c = new C();
}
}
package jp.co.wqf;
public class C {
public C(){
System.out.println("create class c!");
}
}