Linux：linux下socket通信，server和client简单例子

原文地址：http://www.oschina.net/code/snippet_97047_675。

server部分：

//server.c

/

#include <netinet/in.h>    // for sockaddr_in
#include <sys/types.h>    // for socket
#include <sys/socket.h>    // for socket
#include <stdio.h>        // for printf
#include <stdlib.h>        // for exit
#include <string.h>        // for bzero
/*
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
*/
#define HELLO_WORLD_SERVER_PORT    6666 
#define LENGTH_OF_LISTEN_QUEUE 20
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024
#define FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE 512

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    //设置一个socket地址结构server_addr,代表服务器internet地址, 端口
    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
    bzero(&server_addr,sizeof(server_addr)); //把一段内存区的内容全部设置为0
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htons(INADDR_ANY);
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(HELLO_WORLD_SERVER_PORT);

    //创建用于internet的流协议(TCP)socket,用server_socket代表服务器socket
    int server_socket = socket(PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
    if( server_socket < 0)
    {
        printf("Create Socket Failed!");
        exit(1);
    }
{ 
   int opt =1;
   setsockopt(server_socket,SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR,&opt,sizeof(opt));
}
    
    //把socket和socket地址结构联系起来
    if( bind(server_socket,(struct sockaddr*)&server_addr,sizeof(server_addr)))
    {
        printf("Server Bind Port : %d Failed!", HELLO_WORLD_SERVER_PORT); 
        exit(1);
    }

    //server_socket用于监听
    if ( listen(server_socket, LENGTH_OF_LISTEN_QUEUE) )
    {
        printf("Server Listen Failed!"); 
        exit(1);
    }
    while (1) //服务器端要一直运行
    {
        //定义客户端的socket地址结构client_addr
        struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
        socklen_t length = sizeof(client_addr);

        //接受一个到server_socket代表的socket的一个连接
        //如果没有连接请求,就等待到有连接请求--这是accept函数的特性
        //accept函数返回一个新的socket,这个socket(new_server_socket)用于同连接到的客户的通信
        //new_server_socket代表了服务器和客户端之间的一个通信通道
        //accept函数把连接到的客户端信息填写到客户端的socket地址结构client_addr中
        int new_server_socket = accept(server_socket,(struct sockaddr*)&client_addr,&length);
        if ( new_server_socket < 0)
        {
            printf("Server Accept Failed!\n");
            break;
        }
        
        char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
        bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
        length = recv(new_server_socket,buffer,BUFFER_SIZE,0);
        if (length < 0)
        {
            printf("Server Recieve Data Failed!\n");
            break;
        }
        char file_name[FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1];
        bzero(file_name, FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1);
        strncpy(file_name, buffer, strlen(buffer)>FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE?FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE:strlen(buffer));
//        int fp = open(file_name, O_RDONLY);
//        if( fp < 0 )
        printf("%s\n",file_name);
        FILE * fp = fopen(file_name,"r");
        if(NULL == fp )
        {
            printf("File:\t%s Not Found\n", file_name);
        }
        else
        {
            bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
            int file_block_length = 0;
//            while( (file_block_length = read(fp,buffer,BUFFER_SIZE))>0)
            while( (file_block_length = fread(buffer,sizeof(char),BUFFER_SIZE,fp))>0)
            {
                printf("file_block_length = %d\n",file_block_length);
                //发送buffer中的字符串到new_server_socket,实际是给客户端
                if(send(new_server_socket,buffer,file_block_length,0)<0)
                {
                    printf("Send File:\t%s Failed\n", file_name);
                    break;
                }
                bzero(buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
            }
//            close(fp);
            fclose(fp);
            printf("File:\t%s Transfer Finished\n",file_name);
        }
        //关闭与客户端的连接
        close(new_server_socket);
    }
    //关闭监听用的socket
    close(server_socket);
    return 0;
}

client部分：

//client.c


#include <netinet/in.h>    // for sockaddr_in
#include <sys/types.h>    // for socket
#include <sys/socket.h>    // for socket
#include <stdio.h>        // for printf
#include <stdlib.h>        // for exit
#include <string.h>        // for bzero
/*
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
*/

#define HELLO_WORLD_SERVER_PORT    6666 
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024
#define FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE 512

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    if (argc != 2)
    {
        printf("Usage: ./%s ServerIPAddress\n",argv[0]);
        exit(1);
    }

    //设置一个socket地址结构client_addr,代表客户机internet地址, 端口
    struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
    bzero(&client_addr,sizeof(client_addr)); //把一段内存区的内容全部设置为0
    client_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;    //internet协议族
    client_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htons(INADDR_ANY);//INADDR_ANY表示自动获取本机地址
    client_addr.sin_port = htons(0);    //0表示让系统自动分配一个空闲端口
    //创建用于internet的流协议(TCP)socket,用client_socket代表客户机socket
    int client_socket = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
    if( client_socket < 0)
    {
        printf("Create Socket Failed!\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    //把客户机的socket和客户机的socket地址结构联系起来
    if( bind(client_socket,(struct sockaddr*)&client_addr,sizeof(client_addr)))
    {
        printf("Client Bind Port Failed!\n"); 
        exit(1);
    }

    //设置一个socket地址结构server_addr,代表服务器的internet地址, 端口
    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
    bzero(&server_addr,sizeof(server_addr));
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    if(inet_aton(argv[1],&server_addr.sin_addr) == 0) //服务器的IP地址来自程序的参数
    {
        printf("Server IP Address Error!\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(HELLO_WORLD_SERVER_PORT);
    socklen_t server_addr_length = sizeof(server_addr);
    //向服务器发起连接,连接成功后client_socket代表了客户机和服务器的一个socket连接
    if(connect(client_socket,(struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, server_addr_length) < 0)
    {
        printf("Can Not Connect To %s!\n",argv[1]);
        exit(1);
    }

    char file_name[FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1];
    bzero(file_name, FILE_NAME_MAX_SIZE+1);
    printf("Please Input File Name On Server:\t");
    scanf("%s", file_name);
    
    char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
    bzero(buffer,BUFFER_SIZE);
    strncpy(buffer, file_name, strlen(file_name)>BUFFER_SIZE?BUFFER_SIZE:strlen(file_name));
    //向服务器发送buffer中的数据
    send(client_socket,buffer,BUFFER_SIZE,0);

//    int fp = open(file_name, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT);
//    if( fp < 0 )
    FILE * fp = fopen(file_name,"w");
    if(NULL == fp )
    {
        printf("File:\t%s Can Not Open To Write\n", file_name);
        exit(1);
    }
    
    //从服务器接收数据到buffer中
    bzero(buffer,BUFFER_SIZE);
    int length = 0;
    while( length = recv(client_socket,buffer,BUFFER_SIZE,0))
    {
        if(length < 0)
        {
            printf("Recieve Data From Server %s Failed!\n", argv[1]);
            break;
        }
//        int write_length = write(fp, buffer,length);
        int write_length = fwrite(buffer,sizeof(char),length,fp);
        if (write_length<length)
        {
            printf("File:\t%s Write Failed\n", file_name);
            break;
        }
        bzero(buffer,BUFFER_SIZE);    
    }
    printf("Recieve File:\t %s From Server[%s] Finished\n",file_name, argv[1]);
    
    close(fp);
    //关闭socket
    close(client_socket);
    return 0;
}