hdoj 1056 HangOver

题目：http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?pid=1056

How far can you make a stack of cards overhang a table? If you have one card, you can create a maximum overhang of half a card length. (We're assuming that the cards must be perpendicular to the table.) With two cards you can make the top card overhang the bottom one by half a card length, and the bottom one overhang the table by a third of a card length, for a total maximum overhang of 1/2 + 1/3 = 5/6 card lengths. In general you can make n cards overhang by 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/4 + ... + 1/(n + 1) card lengths, where the top card overhangs the second by 1/2, the second overhangs tha third by 1/3, the third overhangs the fourth by 1/4, etc., and the bottom card overhangs the table by 1/(n + 1). This is illustrated in the figure below.

The input consists of one or more test cases, followed by a line containing the number 0.00 that signals the end of the input. Each test case is a single line containing a positive floating-point number c whose value is at least 0.01 and at most 5.20; c will contain exactly three digits.


For each test case, output the minimum number of cards necessary to achieve an overhang of at least c card lengths. Use the exact output format shown in the examples.

Sample Input
1.00
3.71
0.04
5.19
0.00
 
Sample Output
3 card(s)
61 card(s)
1 card(s)
273 card(s)

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题目倒是挺长的，题意倒是比较清楚。要注意判断浮点数相等的方式。

判断浮点数相等的情况，在这一题中，第一个出现在判断输入是否为0.00的时候，OJ对这点倒不用意。第二个判断累加之和len与给定值C的大小时才在意，这是在题目的Discuss中很多人讨论用float会WA，而用double类型才AC。用double类型的代码如下：

#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    int cnt;
    double C, len;
    while(scanf("%lf", &C)!=EOF && fabs(C-0.0)>0.000001)
    {
        if(C<=0.5)
        {
            printf("1 card(s)\n");
            continue;
        }
        else
        {
            cnt = 1;
            len = 0.5;
            while(len<C)
            {
                ++cnt;
                len += 1.0/(1+cnt);
            }
            printf("%d card(s)\n", cnt);
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

用float类型的话在while(len<C)这句改成while(C-len>0.000001)就OK了，笔者用两种方法亲测AC。但为什么只有在double类型才会较好的判断len<C的问题，这应该和精度有关（这不白说嘛，double精度比float高多了），反正以后对浮点数的比较还是用差值小于一个比较小的值（比如0.000001）来比较好。