getting a job while studying in the United States

This is the VOA Special English Education Report.

这里是VOA特别英语教育报道。

This week in our Foreign Student Series, we discuss rules about getting a job while studying in the United States. 

本周在我们的“外国学生系列”节目，我们将讨论美国对（限制）边学习边打工的一些法律条例。

International students are permitted to work for the college or university they attend or for a business at the school. But the business must directly provide a service to students. You could work at the bookstore, for example, but not for a construction company that is building something on campus. Also, a foreign student cannot displace an American citizen in a job. 

国际学生被允许为他们所就学的学院或大学工作，或在学校经营生意。但是这类生意必须直接为学生提供服务。举例来说，你可以在书店工作，但不是为一家正在校园内建造某物的建筑公司。另外，外国学生不能顶替美国公民工作。

International students can work twenty hours a week while attending classes; more during school breaks. You can work until you complete your studies.

国际学生在上课之余可以每周工作20小时；学校休息日时就能工作更多。你可以工作到学业结束为止。

Foreign students normally cannot take a job that has no connection to their school. But the government may give permission if students are suddenly faced with a situation that is out of their control. Examples include large medical bills, the loss of financial aid or an unexpected change in the financial condition of their source of support.

外国学生通常不能参加与他们所在学校无关联的工作。但是如果学生突然被面临着超出他们控制能力的情况时，政府可能会允许如此。这类例子包括高额的医疗帐单，财政资助的缺失，或者供给来源财政状况不期然的变故。

Students must also meet other conditions. They must have attended their American school for at least one year. Government approval is given on a case-by-case basis. Students must re-apply after a year if they want to continue an off-campus job.

学生也必须应付别的情况。他们应该至少已在其美国学校入学一年。政府的批准是在根据事实（就事论事）的基础上。如果学生希望继续一份工作地点不在本校（离校）的工作，就要再次申请。

Foreign students who will be attending graduate school can apply for some jobs before they come to the United States. A good example is a university job like a teaching or research assistantship.

即将进入研究生学校的外国学生可以在去美国之前申请一些工作。好的例如教学或研究的助教职务。

Some schools pay their assistants. Others provide free education in return. Many do both. 

一些学校付费给他们的助教。其他的学校则提供免费教育作为回报。有些学校这两种现象都有。

Graduate assistants might teach, give tests, grade work, assist professors with research and hold office hours. Many universities now provide language training to foreign teaching assistants to help them improve their English. Some schools require foreign students to pass an English speaking test before they are permitted to teach.

研究生助教可能会教学，测试，评分，帮助教授搞研究还有填满办公时间（注1）。很多大学现在为外国教学助教提供语言训练来帮助他们提高其英语水平。一些学校要求，外国学生通过英语口语测试后才能被允许教学。

International student offices at schools have to provide information on students each term to the Department of Homeland Security. Students who violate the terms of their visa -- for example, by working off-campus without permission -- could be sent home. 

学校里的国际学生办公室需要每学期向国土安全部提供该国际学生的信息。那些违反签证条款的学生，举例来说，不经允许就离校工作的——就要被遣送回家。

And that's the VOA Special English Education Report, written by Nancy Steinbach. Our Foreign Student Series continues next week. The earlier reports are at unsv.com. I'm Jim Tedder in Washington.

这就是VOA特别英语教育报道，本次报道由Nancy Steinbach撰稿。我们的外国学生系列在下周继续进行。早期的报道尽在 unsv.com。我是在华盛顿的Jim Tedder 。

注：

1 疑问处：Graduate assistants might teach, give tests, grade work, assist professors with research and hold office hours.

研究生助教可能会教学，测试，评分，帮助教授搞研究还有填满办公时间。

我的理解是：教授有时会不在办公室，助教帮助做些评分之类的事就会在其办公室里，那么这些固定的办公时间就会被占据，就是填满了。请大家指教。