RocketMQ实现顺序消费

需求背景
用订单进行分区有序的示例。一个订单的顺序流程是：创建、付款、推送、完成。订单号相同的消息会被先后发送到同一个队列中，消费时，同一个OrderId获取到的肯定是同一个队列。

顺序消费的原理图解析
在默认的情况下消息发送会采取Round Robin轮询方式把消息发送到不同的queue(分区队列)；而消费消息的时候从多个queue上拉取消息，这种情况发送和消费是不能保证顺序。但是如果控制发送的顺序消息只依次发送到同一个queue中，消费的时候只从这个queue上依次拉取，则就保证了顺序。当发送和消费参与的queue只有一个，则是全局有序；如果多个queue参与，则为分区有序，即相对每个queue，消息都是有序的。

https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/27283367-49a01b1dee2be4b8.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip|imageView2/2/w/1200/format/webp

生产者代码

@Test
public void sendOrderlyMsg() {
   //顺序消息
   //选择器规则构建
   rocketMQTemplate.setMessageQueueSelector(new MessageQueueSelector() {
       @Override
       public MessageQueue select(List<MessageQueue> list, org.apache.rocketmq.common.message.Message message, Object o) {
           String i = ((String) o);
           Long  index = Long.parseLong(i);
           int  i1 = (int )(index % list.size());
           return list.get(i1);
       }
   });
   //注意这个消息用springboot包的message
   List<OrderStep> orderSteps = OrderUtil.buildOrders();
   for (OrderStep orderStep : orderSteps) {
       Message msg = MessageBuilder.withPayload(orderStep.toString()).build();
       rocketMQTemplate.sendOneWayOrderly("OrderlybootTopic",orderStep,String.valueOf(orderStep.getOrderId()));
   }
}

消费者代码

/**
 * 顺序消费
 */
@Component
@RocketMQMessageListener(consumerGroup = "Orderly-Consumer", topic = "OrderlybootTopic",
        consumeMode = ConsumeMode.ORDERLY)

public class OrderlyConsumer implements RocketMQListener<MessageExt> {
    @Override
    public void onMessage(MessageExt message) {
        System.out.println("线程"+Thread.currentThread()+"内容为:"
                + new String(message.getBody())+
                "队列序号:"+message.getQueueId());
    }
}

成功实现顺序消费
消息进同一队列，一个队列对应一个消费者，按照创建→付款→推送→完成的步骤进行消费。

image.png
需求工具代码准备:

@Setter@Getter
public class OrderStep {
    private long orderId;
    private String desc;
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "OrderStep{" +
                "orderId=" + orderId +
                ", desc='" + desc + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

public class OrderUtil {
    /**
     * 生成模拟订单数据
     */
    public static List<OrderStep> buildOrders() {
        List<OrderStep> orderList = new ArrayList<OrderStep>();

        OrderStep orderDemo = new OrderStep();
        orderDemo.setOrderId(15103111039L);
        orderDemo.setDesc("创建");
        orderList.add(orderDemo);

        orderDemo = new OrderStep();
        orderDemo.setOrderId(15103111065L);
        orderDemo.setDesc("创建");
        orderList.add(orderDemo);

        orderDemo = new OrderStep();
        orderDemo.setOrderId(15103111039L);
        orderDemo.setDesc("付款");
        orderList.add(orderDemo);

        orderDemo = new OrderStep();
        orderDemo.setOrderId(15103117235L);
        orderDemo.setDesc("创建");
        orderList.add(orderDemo);

        orderDemo = new OrderStep();
        orderDemo.setOrderId(15103111065L);
        orderDemo.setDesc("付款");
        orderList.add(orderDemo);

        orderDemo = new OrderStep();
        orderDemo.setOrderId(15103117235L);
        orderDemo.setDesc("付款");
        orderList.add(orderDemo);

        orderDemo = new OrderStep();
        orderDemo.setOrderId(15103111065L);
        orderDemo.setDesc("完成");
        orderList.add(orderDemo);

        orderDemo = new OrderStep();
        orderDemo.setOrderId(15103111039L);
        orderDemo.setDesc("推送");
        orderList.add(orderDemo);

        orderDemo = new OrderStep();
        orderDemo.setOrderId(15103117235L);
        orderDemo.setDesc("完成");
        orderList.add(orderDemo);

        orderDemo = new OrderStep();
        orderDemo.setOrderId(15103111039L);
        orderDemo.setDesc("完成");
        orderList.add(orderDemo);

        return orderList;
    }
}