扩大内部类的作用域

一般来讲内部类的作用域只在外部类包围的范围内，即内部类属于实例化对象：
举例：

class OuterClass{
    class Student(val name: String){}

    //ArrayBuffer[Student] 中的Student类是对象内部类，即区分c1.Student类型和c2.Student类型
    val students = new ArrayBuffer[Student]()

    def register(name: String) = {
      new Student(name)
    }
  }
  val c1 = new OuterClass
  val cys = c1.register("cys")
  c1.students += cys

  val c2 = new OuterClass
  val joe = c2.register("joe")
  //不能将cys [c1.Student] 赋值 c2的students内，因为c2的students 接受的参数是c2.Student
  //c2.students += cys

扩大内部类作用域：（1）将内部类放在外部类的伴生对象里面，从而实现实例化对象可相互访问内部类

import scoreTest.Score.OuterClass.Student
  object OuterClass{
    class Student(val name: String)
  }

  class OuterClass{
    val students = new ArrayBuffer[Student]()
    def register(name: String)={
      new Student(name)
    }
  }

  val c1 = new OuterClass
  val cys = c1.register("cys")
  c1.students += cys

  val c2 = new OuterClass
  //c2可以添加cys
  c2.students += cys
  
  println(cys.getClass) //class scoreTest.Score$OuterClass$Student

扩大内部类作用域：（2）类型投影：指定

import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer

object Score extends App {
  class OuterClass{
    class Student(val name: String){}

    //ArrayBuffer[Student] 中的student是OuterClass的student --》类型投影：指定student内部类属于外部类，而不是实例化后的对象
    val students = new ArrayBuffer[OuterClass#Student]()

    def register(name: String) = {
      new Student(name)
    }
  }
  val c1 = new OuterClass
  val cys = c1.register("cys")
  c1.students += cys

  val c2 = new OuterClass
  val joe = c2.register("joe")
  
  //c2可以添加cys
  c2.students += cys
  println(cys.getClass)  //class scoreTest.Score$OuterClass$Student

}

内部类使用外部类变量，或者同名变量

object Score extends App {
  class OuterClass(val name: String){ outer =>
  //outer 用于标识外部作用域，可随意替换名字
    class Student(val name:String){
      def introduceMyself = "hello, i'm "+ name + ", happy to join class " + outer.name
    }
  }
}