JS-Array类小总结

 Array类：

 

 

 

首先 ^^

数组定义习惯上都用 [], 下面分别使用 new Array() 与 [] ，验证时间效率代码如下，看看谁用的时间少：

var a = new Date ;
var arr, direct, b = [];
for(var i=0; i<10000; i++)
 arr = new Array();
b.push(new Date() - a);
a = new Date;
for(var i=0; i<10000; i++) 
direct = [];
b.push(new Date() - a);
alert(b.join(" : "));

 

以下总结参考 JS 高级程序设计

1 创建 Array 类对象：

 

（1）	
var numbers= new Array();//习惯上是var numbers= [];
numbers [0] = "one";
numbers [2] = "two";
numbers [3] = "three";
numbers [35] = "four";
alert(numbers [0]);     //outputs “one”
alert(numbers [35]);   //outputs ”four”
alert(numbers.length);  //outputs “36”

 

(2)
var numbers= new Array(15);// 习惯上是var numbers= [15];
alert(numbers [0]);        //outputs "undefined"
alert(numbers.length);    //outputs "15"

 

(3)
var numbers= new Array("one","two","three");//习惯上是var numbers= ["one","two","three"];
alert(numbers [0]);      //outputs "undefined"
numbers [10] = "four";
alert(numbers.length);    //outputs "11"

 

(4)用字面量表示定义Array对象：

var numbers= ["one","two","three"];
alert(numbers [0]);      //outputs "undefined"
numbers [10] = "four";
alert(numbers.length);     //outputs "11"

 

   2  Array 对象覆盖 toString() 方法和 valueOf() 方法，返回字符串。

var numbers= ["one","two","three"];
alert(numbers.toString());  //outputs "one,two,three"
alert(numbers.valueOf());  //outputs "one,two,three"

 

3  toLocalString() 方法。

 

var numbers= ["one","two","three"];
alert(numbers.toLocaleString());  //outputs "one,two,three"

 

4  join() 方法，，用来连接字符串的值。

var numbers= ["one","two","three"];
alert(numbers.join(","));  //outputs "one,two,three"
alert(numbers.join("-and-"));  //outputs "one-and-two-and-three"
alert(numbers.join(""));  //outputs "onetwothree"
alert(numbers.join(")("));  //outputs "one)(two)(three"

 

  5  concat() 方法。

var numbers= ["one","two","three"];
var arr = numbers;
var numbers2=arr.concat("four","five");
alert(numbers2.toString());     //outputs "one,two,three,four,five"
alert(numbers.toString());     //outputs "one,two,three"
//alert(numbers.concat("four","five"));   //outputs "one,two,three"

 

6  slice() 方法。

var numbers = ["one","two","three","four","five","six"];
var arr = numbers;
var numbers2 = arr.slice(1);
alert(numbers2.toString());   //outputs "two,three,four,five,six"
var numbers3 = arr.slice(1,4);
alert(numbers3.toString());   //outputs "two,three,four"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7 调用 push() 和 pop() 方法实现后进先出的结构（栈 stack ）。

var stack= ["one","two","three"];
stack.push("four");
stack.push("five","six");
alert(stack.toString());       //outputs "two,three,four,five,six"

var removelast=stack.pop();
alert(removelast);          //outputs "six"
var removelast=stack.pop();
alert(removelast);           //outputs "five"
alert(stack.toString());        //outputs "two,three,four"

 

8 调用 shift() 和 push() 方法实现后进后出结构（队列 queue ）。

var queue= ["one","two","three"];
queue.push("four");
alert(queue.toString());         //outputs "one,two,three,four"

var removefirst = queue.shift();
alert(removefirst);           //outputs "one"
alert(queue.toString());       //outputs "two,three,four"

 

9 其它。

 

(1)unshift() 方法把一个项添加在数组的第一个位置。

（代码的上面部分可以用 8 的代码）

var addfirst = queue.unshift("one");
//alert(addfirst);             //outputs "4"
alert(queue.toString());       //outputs "one,two,three,four"

 

(2)reverse() 方法颠倒数组项顺序。

代码衔接上面的 unshift() 。

queue.reverse(); 
alert(queue.toString());        //outputs "four,three,two,one"

 

（ 3 ） sort() 方法按数组项的升序排列。

 

var queue= ["one","two","three"];
queue.sort();
alert(queue.toString());    //outputs "one,three,two"

 

（ 4 ） splice() 方法。第一参数是指起始位置，第二个参数是要删除项的个数，第三个参数是要插入的项。    

 

var queue= ["one","two","three","four","five"];
queue.splice(0,2);
alert(queue.toString());        //outputs "three,four,five",delete one and two

queue.splice(1,1,"and1","and2","and3");
alert(queue.toString());         //outputs "three,and1,and2,and3,four"