[struts]Write web.xml

  Because a Struts application is a Web application, it has to follow the same rules. that any Web application has to follow: Every Web application must have a web.xml configuration file. The web.xml file should define the ActionServlet,  which functions as a controller from the standpoint of the MVC(Model - View - Controller)framework. In other words, every request to a Struts application has to go through the ActionServlet. the ActionServlet is provided by the Struts frameword.

  The example web.xml file as shown below, has three different categories of configuration information:

• ActionServlet configuraton
• ActionServlet mapping
• Struts tag library descriptors

  Under ActionServlet configuration section, note that several initialization parameters are specified as following through <init-param> elements:

• <param-name>application</param-name>
  defines message resource file.  it is set as following:
      <init-param>
              <param-name>application</param-name>
              <param-value>ApplicationResources</param-value>
      </init-param>
• <param-name>config</param-name>
  defines the path of the Struts configuration file. For example, the path of the Struts configuration file set to ./WEB-INF/struts-config.xml.
    <init-param>
              <param-name>config</param-name>
              <param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml<param-value>
    </init-param>

  Under ActionServlet mapping configuration section shown below, it is set in the way that every request that has *.do URL pattern will be handled by the ActionServlet.

• <servlet-mapping>
             <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
             <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

  Under Struts tag Library Descriptors configurations section, note three Struts tag libraries are configured.

 A complete web.xml example:

 

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>

<! DOCTYPE web-app
  PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.2//EN"
  "http://java.sun.com/j2ee/dtds/web-app_2_2.dtd" >

< web-app >
   < display-name > Advanced J2EE Programming Class Sample App </ display-name >
  
   <!--  Standard Action Servlet Configuration (with debugging)  -->
   < servlet >
     < servlet-name > action </ servlet-name >
     < servlet-class >
      org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet
     </ servlet-class >
     < init-param >
       < param-name > application </ param-name >
       < param-value > ApplicationResources </ param-value >
     </ init-param >
     < init-param >
       < param-name > config </ param-name >
       < param-value > /WEB-INF/struts-config.xml </ param-value >
     </ init-param >
     < init-param >
       < param-name > debug </ param-name >
       < param-value > 2 </ param-value >
     </ init-param >
     < init-param >
       < param-name > detail </ param-name >
       < param-value > 2 </ param-value >
     </ init-param >
     < init-param >
       < param-name > validate </ param-name >
       < param-value > true </ param-value >
     </ init-param >
     < load-on-startup > 2 </ load-on-startup >
   </ servlet >

 
   <!--  Standard Action Servlet Mapping  -->
   < servlet-mapping >
     < servlet-name > action </ servlet-name >
     < url-pattern > *.do </ url-pattern >
   </ servlet-mapping >

 
   <!--  Struts Tag Library Descriptors  -->
   < taglib >
     < taglib-uri > /WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld </ taglib-uri >
     < taglib-location > /WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld </ taglib-location >
   </ taglib >

   < taglib >
     < taglib-uri > /WEB-INF/struts-html.tld </ taglib-uri >
     < taglib-location > /WEB-INF/struts-html.tld </ taglib-location >
   </ taglib >

   < taglib >
     < taglib-uri > /WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld </ taglib-uri >
     < taglib-location > /WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld </ taglib-location >
   </ taglib >

</ web-app >