MFC 对 Windows API 进行了封装,在很多方面都会提供便利。用 FromHandle 返回临时对象的指针,就可以调用各种类的方法。临时对象会在 OnIdle 中销毁。这里对 FromHandle 的实现原理从源码上进行解析。
//
// 1
//
CWnd* PASCAL CWnd::FromHandle(HWND hWnd)
{
CHandleMap* pMap = afxMapHWND(TRUE); //create map if not exist
ASSERT(pMap != NULL);
CWnd* pWnd = (CWnd*)pMap->FromHandle(hWnd);
#ifndef _AFX_NO_OCC_SUPPORT
pWnd->AttachControlSite(pMap);
#endif
ASSERT(pWnd == NULL || pWnd->m_hWnd == hWnd);
return pWnd;
}
这是 CWnd 的 FromHandle 方法,大致的意思为从 CHandleMap 中获取临时 CWnd 对象的指针。
//
// 2
//
CHandleMap* PASCAL afxMapHWND(BOOL bCreate)
{
AFX_MODULE_THREAD_STATE* pState = AfxGetModuleThreadState();
if (pState->m_pmapHWND == NULL && bCreate)
{
BOOL bEnable = AfxEnableMemoryTracking(FALSE);
#ifndef _AFX_PORTABLE
_PNH pnhOldHandler = AfxSetNewHandler(&AfxCriticalNewHandler);
#endif
pState->m_pmapHWND = new CHandleMap(RUNTIME_CLASS(CTempWnd),
offsetof(CWnd, m_hWnd));
#ifndef _AFX_PORTABLE
AfxSetNewHandler(pnhOldHandler);
#endif
AfxEnableMemoryTracking(bEnable);
}
return pState->m_pmapHWND;
}
再看
#define offsetof(s,m) (size_t)&(((s *)0)->m)
继续
//
// 3
//
CObject* CHandleMap::FromHandle(HANDLE h)
{
ASSERT(m_pClass != NULL);
ASSERT(m_nHandles == 1 || m_nHandles == 2);
if (h == NULL)
return NULL;
CObject* pObject = LookupPermanent(h);
if (pObject != NULL)
return pObject; // return permanent one
else if ((pObject = LookupTemporary(h)) != NULL)
{
HANDLE* ph = (HANDLE*)((BYTE*)pObject + m_nOffset);
ASSERT(ph[0] == h || ph[0] == NULL);
ph[0] = h;
if (m_nHandles == 2)
{
ASSERT(ph[1] == h || ph[1] == NULL);
ph[1] = h;
}
return pObject; // return current temporary one
}
// This handle wasn't created by us, so we must create a temporary
// C++ object to wrap it. We don't want the user to see this memory
// allocation, so we turn tracing off.
BOOL bEnable = AfxEnableMemoryTracking(FALSE);
#ifndef _AFX_PORTABLE
_PNH pnhOldHandler = AfxSetNewHandler(&AfxCriticalNewHandler);
#endif
CObject* pTemp = NULL;
TRY
{
pTemp = m_pClass->CreateObject();
if (pTemp == NULL)
AfxThrowMemoryException();
m_temporaryMap.SetAt((LPVOID)h, pTemp);
}
CATCH_ALL(e)
{
#ifndef _AFX_PORTABLE
AfxSetNewHandler(pnhOldHandler);
#endif
AfxEnableMemoryTracking(bEnable);
THROW_LAST();
}
END_CATCH_ALL
#ifndef _AFX_PORTABLE
AfxSetNewHandler(pnhOldHandler);
#endif
AfxEnableMemoryTracking(bEnable);
// now set the handle in the object
HANDLE* ph = (HANDLE*)((BYTE*)pTemp + m_nOffset); // after CObject
ph[0] = h;
if (m_nHandles == 2)
ph[1] = h;
return pTemp;
}