引言
小编今天身体倍感不适,头疼欲裂,所以没有办法学习比较理论的知识,在这个时候看书看视频都是没有什么效果的,但是这个时候小编喜欢敲代码,因为在敲代码的时候头疼会减轻,正好今天在看书的时候看到了一个生成验证码的例子,不过他生成的简直丑哭了,就一个黑背景和几个白色的数字,但是我们平常遇到的验证码都非常的好看还有一些朦胧的感觉。于是小编就查找了一些资料自己做了个demo。 效果展示
第一种方式
验证码工具类VerifyCodeUtils:
- package com.verifycode.login;
- import java.awt.Color;
- import java.awt.Font;
- import java.awt.Graphics;
- import java.awt.Graphics2D;
- import java.awt.RenderingHints;
- import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
- import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
- import java.io.File;
- import java.io.FileOutputStream;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.io.OutputStream;
- import java.util.Arrays;
- import java.util.Random;
- import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
- public class VerifyCodeUtils {
- // 使用到Algerian字体,系统里没有的话需要安装字体,字体只显示大写,去掉了1,0,i,o几个容易混淆的字符
- public static final String VERIFY_CODES = "23456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ";
- private static Random random = new Random();
- /**
- * 使用系统默认字符源生成验证码
- *
- * @param verifySize
- * 验证码长度
- * @return
- */
- public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize) {
- return generateVerifyCode(verifySize, VERIFY_CODES);
- }
- /**
- * 使用指定源生成验证码
- *
- * @param verifySize
- * 验证码长度
- * @param sources
- * 验证码字符源
- * @return
- */
- public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize, String sources) {
- if (sources == null || sources.length() == 0) {
- sources = VERIFY_CODES;
- }
- int codesLen = sources.length();
- Random rand = new Random(System.currentTimeMillis());
- StringBuilder verifyCode = new StringBuilder(verifySize);
- for (int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++) {
- verifyCode.append(sources.charAt(rand.nextInt(codesLen - 1)));
- }
- return verifyCode.toString();
- }
- /**
- * 生成随机验证码文件,并返回验证码值
- *
- * @param w
- * @param h
- * @param outputFile
- * @param verifySize
- * @return
- * @throws IOException
- */
- public static String outputVerifyImage(int w, int h, File outputFile, int verifySize) throws IOException {
- String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(verifySize);
- outputImage(w, h, outputFile, verifyCode);
- return verifyCode;
- }
- /**
- * 输出随机验证码图片流,并返回验证码值
- *
- * @param w
- * @param h
- * @param os
- * @param verifySize
- * @return
- * @throws IOException
- */
- public static String outputVerifyImage(int w, int h, OutputStream os, int verifySize) throws IOException {
- String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(verifySize);
- outputImage(w, h, os, verifyCode);
- return verifyCode;
- }
- /**
- * 生成指定验证码图像文件
- *
- * @param w
- * @param h
- * @param outputFile
- * @param code
- * @throws IOException
- */
- public static void outputImage(int w, int h, File outputFile, String code) throws IOException {
- if (outputFile == null) {
- return;
- }
- File dir = outputFile.getParentFile();
- if (!dir.exists()) {
- dir.mkdirs();
- }
- try {
- outputFile.createNewFile();
- FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(outputFile);
- outputImage(w, h, fos, code);
- fos.close();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- throw e;
- }
- }
- /**
- * 输出指定验证码图片流
- *
- * @param w
- * @param h
- * @param os
- * @param code
- * @throws IOException
- */
- public static void outputImage(int w, int h, OutputStream os, String code) throws IOException {
- int verifySize = code.length();
- BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
- Random rand = new Random();
- Graphics2D g2 = image.createGraphics();
- g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
- Color[] colors = new Color[5];
- Color[] colorSpaces = new Color[] { Color.WHITE, Color.CYAN, Color.GRAY, Color.LIGHT_GRAY, Color.MAGENTA, Color.ORANGE, Color.PINK, Color.YELLOW };
- float[] fractions = new float[colors.length];
- for (int i = 0; i < colors.length; i++) {
- colors[i] = colorSpaces[rand.nextInt(colorSpaces.length)];
- fractions[i] = rand.nextFloat();
- }
- Arrays.sort(fractions);
- g2.setColor(Color.GRAY);// 设置边框色
- g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);
- Color c = getRandColor(200, 250);
- g2.setColor(c);// 设置背景色
- g2.fillRect(0, 2, w, h - 4);
- // 绘制干扰线
- Random random = new Random();
- g2.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));// 设置线条的颜色
- for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
- int x = random.nextInt(w - 1);
- int y = random.nextInt(h - 1);
- int xl = random.nextInt(6) + 1;
- int yl = random.nextInt(12) + 1;
- g2.drawLine(x, y, x + xl + 40, y + yl + 20);
- }
- // 添加噪点
- float yawpRate = 0.05f;// 噪声率
- int area = (int) (yawpRate * w * h);
- for (int i = 0; i < area; i++) {
- int x = random.nextInt(w);
- int y = random.nextInt(h);
- int rgb = getRandomIntColor();
- image.setRGB(x, y, rgb);
- }
- shear(g2, w, h, c);// 使图片扭曲
- g2.setColor(getRandColor(100, 160));
- int fontSize = h - 4;
- Font font = new Font("Algerian", Font.ITALIC, fontSize);
- g2.setFont(font);
- char[] chars = code.toCharArray();
- for (int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++) {
- AffineTransform affine = new AffineTransform();
- affine.setToRotation(Math.PI / 4 * rand.nextDouble() * (rand.nextBoolean() ? 1 : -1), (w / verifySize) * i + fontSize / 2, h / 2);
- g2.setTransform(affine);
- g2.drawChars(chars, i, 1, ((w - 10) / verifySize) * i + 5, h / 2 + fontSize / 2 - 10);
- }
- g2.dispose();
- ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", os);
- }
- private static Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
- if (fc > 255)
- fc = 255;
- if (bc > 255)
- bc = 255;
- int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
- int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
- int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
- return new Color(r, g, b);
- }
- private static int getRandomIntColor() {
- int[] rgb = getRandomRgb();
- int color = 0;
- for (int c : rgb) {
- color = color << 8;
- color = color | c;
- }
- return color;
- }
- private static int[] getRandomRgb() {
- int[] rgb = new int[3];
- for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
- rgb[i] = random.nextInt(255);
- }
- return rgb;
- }
- private static void shear(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
- shearX(g, w1, h1, color);
- shearY(g, w1, h1, color);
- }
- private static void shearX(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
- int period = random.nextInt(2);
- boolean borderGap = true;
- int frames = 1;
- int phase = random.nextInt(2);
- for (int i = 0; i < h1; i++) {
- double d = (double) (period >> 1) * Math.sin((double) i / (double) period + (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase) / (double) frames);
- g.copyArea(0, i, w1, 1, (int) d, 0);
- if (borderGap) {
- g.setColor(color);
- g.drawLine((int) d, i, 0, i);
- g.drawLine((int) d + w1, i, w1, i);
- }
- }
- }
- private static void shearY(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
- int period = random.nextInt(40) + 10; // 50;
- boolean borderGap = true;
- int frames = 20;
- int phase = 7;
- for (int i = 0; i < w1; i++) {
- double d = (double) (period >> 1) * Math.sin((double) i / (double) period + (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase) / (double) frames);
- g.copyArea(i, 0, 1, h1, 0, (int) d);
- if (borderGap) {
- g.setColor(color);
- g.drawLine(i, (int) d, i, 0);
- g.drawLine(i, (int) d + h1, i, h1);
- }
- }
- }
- /*
- * public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { File dir =
- * new File("F:/verifies"); int w = 200, h = 80; for (int i = 0; i < 50;
- * i++) { String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(4); File file = new
- * File(dir, verifyCode + ".jpg"); outputImage(w, h, file, verifyCode); } }
- */
- }
验证码servlet类(AuthImage)
- package com.verifycode.login;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import javax.servlet.ServletException;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
- /**
- * <p>
- * <b>AuthImage Description:</b> (验证码)
- * </p>
- * <b>DATE:</b> 2016年6月2日 下午3:53:12
- */
- public class AuthImage extends javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet implements javax.servlet.Servlet {
- static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
- public void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
- response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");
- response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
- response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
- response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
- // 生成随机字串
- String verifyCode = VerifyCodeUtils.generateVerifyCode(4);
- // 存入会话session
- HttpSession session = request.getSession(true);
- // 删除以前的
- session.removeAttribute("verifyCode");
- session.setAttribute("verifyCode", verifyCode.toLowerCase());
- // 生成图片
- int w = 100, h = 30;
- VerifyCodeUtils.outputImage(w, h, response.getOutputStream(), verifyCode);
- }
- }
关于第一种还有一个需要强调的地方就是,上面的那种字体是调用的系统中的Algerian(在C盘的windows下面的fonts文件夹中)字体,所以如果你的系统中没有这种字体,需要下载,在文章最后小编会分享本文的源码,供读者下载。
第二种样式
就有一个简单的类(ImageServlet)
- package com.verfycode.img;
- import java.awt.Color;
- import java.awt.Font;
- import java.awt.Graphics;
- import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.util.Date;
- import java.util.Random;
- import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
- import javax.servlet.ServletException;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- public class ImageServlet extends HttpServlet {
- public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
- doPost(request, response);
- }
- public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
- // 告诉客户端,输出的格式
- response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
- int width = 80;
- int height = 40;
- int lines = 10;
- BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
- Graphics g = img.getGraphics();
- // 设置背景色
- g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
- g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
- // 设置字体
- g.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 20));
- // 随机数字
- Random r = new Random(new Date().getTime());
- for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
- int a = r.nextInt(10);
- int y = 10 + r.nextInt(20);// 10~30范围内的一个整数,作为y坐标
- Color c = new Color(r.nextInt(255), r.nextInt(255), r.nextInt(255));
- g.setColor(c);
- g.drawString("" + a, 5 + i * width / 4, y);
- }
- // 干扰线
- for (int i = 0; i < lines; i++) {
- Color c = new Color(r.nextInt(255), r.nextInt(255), r.nextInt(255));
- g.setColor(c);
- g.drawLine(r.nextInt(width), r.nextInt(height), r.nextInt(width), r.nextInt(height));
- }
- g.dispose();// 类似于流中的close()带动flush()---把数据刷到img对象当中
- ImageIO.write(img, "JPG", response.getOutputStream());
- }
- }
至此,小编的头疼和快好得差不多了,希望能读者能有帮助。