Fabric源码分析之八commiter(记帐)节点分析

一、记帐节点

区块链的一个特点是分布式记帐，即各个节点都要承载相同的一份数据。在联盟链中，因为一些节点的配置有所不同，所以可能有些节点没有记帐功能或者说不需要完整的帐本。因此本篇就针对具有记帐功能的相关源码进行分析。记帐其实就是数据存储的过程，根据实际情况写入或更新相关数据库。
记帐的功能主要包括交易的验证和帐本提交两个主要的方面，具体到数据的存储和区块的具体的数据结构等会在后面专门相关的篇章进行分析。

二、功能概述

fabric中，在排序节点完成出块后，将消息打包给Leader节点，然后由其完成验证和区块的分发提交功能。交易的数据包含公开数据和隐私数据，记帐节点在正式提交帐本前需要对当中的交易进行校验，在Farbic中，排序节点是不需要对交易进行验证的。验证的内容包括格式、签名等。同时会调用VSCC（验证系统链码）对交易的合法性和背书策略的有效性进行验证。然后进行模拟执行结果读写集，进行MVCC版本控制。最后将数据提交到存储的相关数据库，建立索引信息并保存到索引数据库，同时将相关的信息更新的状态数据库。然后将有效数据存储到历史数据库并清理相关隐私数据库。先看一下交易验证和提交两个模块的的相关数据结构：(core/committer)

提交器部分：

//提交器部分
type Committer interface {

	// CommitWithPvtData block and private data into the ledger
  //数据写入帐本
	CommitWithPvtData(blockAndPvtData *ledger.BlockAndPvtData, commitOpts *ledger.CommitOptions) error

	// GetPvtDataAndBlockByNum retrieves block with private data with given
	// sequence number用给定的数据检索区块的序列号
	GetPvtDataAndBlockByNum(seqNum uint64) (*ledger.BlockAndPvtData, error)

	// GetPvtDataByNum returns a slice of the private data from the ledger
	// for given block and based on the filter which indicates a map of
	// collections and namespaces of private data to retrieve
  //从指定块中返回私有数据的切片，同时通过过滤器检索私有数据的集合和名称空间的映射
	GetPvtDataByNum(blockNum uint64, filter ledger.PvtNsCollFilter) ([]*ledger.TxPvtData, error)

	// Get recent block sequence number
  //获得区块高度索引
	LedgerHeight() (uint64, error)

	// DoesPvtDataInfoExistInLedger returns true if the ledger has pvtdata info
	// about a given block number.
  //返回指定块号是否存在私有数据的信息
	DoesPvtDataInfoExistInLedger(blockNum uint64) (bool, error)

	// Gets blocks with sequence numbers provided in the slice
  //根据序号获得区块
	GetBlocks(blockSeqs []uint64) []*common.Block

	// GetConfigHistoryRetriever returns the ConfigHistoryRetriever
  //根据历史配置取得器取得历史取得器
	GetConfigHistoryRetriever() (ledger.ConfigHistoryRetriever, error)

	// CommitPvtDataOfOldBlocks commits the private data corresponding to already committed block
	// If hashes for some of the private data supplied in this function does not match
	// the corresponding hash present in the block, the unmatched private data is not
	// committed and instead the mismatch inforation is returned back
  //提交私有数据，并在此过程中判断私有数据的哈希值是滞匹配，否则返回不匹配的消息
	CommitPvtDataOfOldBlocks(blockPvtData []*ledger.BlockPvtData) ([]*ledger.PvtdataHashMismatch, error)

	// GetMissingPvtDataTracker return the MissingPvtDataTracker
  //获得缺失私有数据的跟踪器
	GetMissingPvtDataTracker() (ledger.MissingPvtDataTracker, error)

	// Closes committing service
	Close()
}
//抽象的帐本接口和相关命令
type PeerLedgerSupport interface {
	GetPvtDataAndBlockByNum(blockNum uint64, filter ledger.PvtNsCollFilter) (*ledger.BlockAndPvtData, error)

	GetPvtDataByNum(blockNum uint64, filter ledger.PvtNsCollFilter) ([]*ledger.TxPvtData, error)

	CommitWithPvtData(blockAndPvtdata *ledger.BlockAndPvtData, commitOpts *ledger.CommitOptions) error

	CommitPvtDataOfOldBlocks(blockPvtData []*ledger.BlockPvtData) ([]*ledger.PvtdataHashMismatch, error)

	GetBlockchainInfo() (*common.BlockchainInfo, error)

	DoesPvtDataInfoExist(blockNum uint64) (bool, error)

	GetBlockByNumber(blockNumber uint64) (*common.Block, error)

	GetConfigHistoryRetriever() (ledger.ConfigHistoryRetriever, error)

	GetMissingPvtDataTracker() (ledger.MissingPvtDataTracker, error)

	Close()
}

// LedgerCommitter is the implementation of  Committer interface
// it keeps the reference to the ledger to commit blocks and retrieve
// chain information
//对Committer接口的实现
type LedgerCommitter struct {
	PeerLedgerSupport
	eventer ConfigBlockEventer
}
// ConfigBlockEventer callback function proto type to define action
// upon arrival on new configuaration update block
//根据配置更新块
type ConfigBlockEventer func(block *common.Block) error

验证器部分：

/Validator interface which defines API to validate block transactions
// and return the bit array mask indicating invalid transactions which
// didn't pass validation.
type Validator interface {
	Validate(block *common.Block) error
}

// private interface to decouple tx validator
// and vscc execution, in order to increase
// testability of TxValidator
type vsccValidator interface {
	VSCCValidateTx(seq int, payload *common.Payload, envBytes []byte, block *common.Block) (error, peer.TxValidationCode)
}

// implementation of Validator interface, keeps
// reference to the ledger to enable tx simulation
// and execution of vscc
type TxValidator struct {
	ChainID string
	Support Support
	Vscc    vsccValidator
}
// VsccValidatorImpl is the implementation used to call
// the vscc chaincode and validate block transactions
type VsccValidatorImpl struct {
	chainID         string
	support         Support
	sccprovider     sysccprovider.SystemChaincodeProvider
	pluginValidator *PluginValidator
}

三、启动

首先回到提交功能模块的整个流程来看一看，下面是源码
1、入口(peer/start.go)

//core/scc/cscc/configure.go
//invoke()->InvokeNoShim()->joinChain
func joinChain(chainID string, block *common.Block, ccp ccprovider.ChaincodeProvider, sccp sysccprovider.SystemChaincodeProvider) pb.Response {
	if err := peer.CreateChainFromBlock(block, ccp, sccp); err != nil {
		return shim.Error(err.Error())
	}

	peer.InitChain(chainID)

	return shim.Success(nil)
}
//peer.go
// CreateChainFromBlock creates a new chain from config block
func CreateChainFromBlock(cb *common.Block, ccp ccprovider.ChaincodeProvider, sccp sysccprovider.SystemChaincodeProvider) error {
	cid, err := utils.GetChainIDFromBlock(cb)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	var l ledger.PeerLedger
	if l, err = ledgermgmt.CreateLedger(cb); err != nil {
		return errors.WithMessage(err, "cannot create ledger from genesis block")
	}

  //启动相关服务
	return createChain(cid, l, cb, ccp, sccp, pluginMapper)
}

2、创建功能接口

// createChain creates a new chain object and insert it into the chains
func createChain(
	cid string,
	ledger ledger.PeerLedger,
	cb *common.Block,
	ccp ccprovider.ChaincodeProvider,
	sccp sysccprovider.SystemChaincodeProvider,
	pm txvalidator.PluginMapper,
) error {

	chanConf, err := retrievePersistedChannelConfig(ledger)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	......

  //创建VCS对象，主要是chainSupport
	vcs := struct {
		*chainSupport
		*semaphore.Weighted
	}{cs, validationWorkersSemaphore}
  //创建交易验证器
	validator := txvalidator.NewTxValidator(cid, vcs, sccp, pm)
  //创建帐本提交器
	c := committer.NewLedgerCommitterReactive(ledger, func(block *common.Block) error {
    //得到ID,通过ID可以获取更多的资源
		chainID, err := utils.GetChainIDFromBlock(block)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

    //设置指定链的当前配置块---前面提到过好多次可以通过ID查找通道等
		return SetCurrConfigBlock(block, chainID)
	})

  //获得排序服务配置
	oc, ok := bundle.OrdererConfig()
	if !ok {
		return errors.New("no orderer config in bundle")
	}

  //组织及MSP的判断
	ordererAddressesByOrg := make(map[string][]string)
	var ordererOrganizations []string
	for _, ordererOrg := range oc.Organizations() {
		ordererOrganizations = append(ordererOrganizations, ordererOrg.MSPID())
		if len(ordererOrg.Endpoints()) == 0 {
			continue
		}
		ordererAddressesByOrg[ordererOrg.MSPID()] = ordererOrg.Endpoints()
	}

	ordererAddresses := bundle.ChannelConfig().OrdererAddresses()
	if len(ordererAddresses) == 0 && len(ordererAddressesByOrg) == 0 {
		return errors.New("no ordering service endpoint provided in configuration block")
	}

	ordererAddressOverrides, err := GetOrdererAddressOverrides()
	if err != nil {
		return errors.Errorf("failed to get override addresses: %s", err)
	}

	// TODO: does someone need to call Close() on the transientStoreFactory at shutdown of the peer?
  //创建私有数据的的存储对象
	store, err := TransientStoreFactory.OpenStore(bundle.ConfigtxValidator().ChainID())
	if err != nil {
		return errors.Wrapf(err, "[channel %s] failed opening transient store", bundle.ConfigtxValidator().ChainID())
	}

	csStoreSupport := &CollectionSupport{
		PeerLedger: ledger,
	}
	simpleCollectionStore := privdata.NewSimpleCollectionStore(csStoreSupport)

	oac := service.OrdererAddressConfig{
		Addresses:        ordererAddresses,
		AddressesByOrg:   ordererAddressesByOrg,
		Organizations:    ordererOrganizations,
		AddressOverrides: ordererAddressOverrides,
	}

  //初始化指定通道上Gossip消息模块，如果为主节点，则从排序节点得到数据，否则从组织其它节点同步数据
	service.GetGossipService().InitializeChannel(bundle.ConfigtxValidator().ChainID(), oac, service.Support{
		Validator:            validator,
		Committer:            c,
		Store:                store,
		Cs:                   simpleCollectionStore,
		IdDeserializeFactory: csStoreSupport,
		CapabilityProvider:   cp,
	})

	chains.Lock()
	defer chains.Unlock()
	chains.list[cid] = &chain{
		cs:        cs,
		cb:        cb,
		committer: c,
	}

	return nil
}

3、初始化

// InitializeChannel allocates the state provider and should be invoked once per channel per execution
func (g *gossipServiceImpl) InitializeChannel(chainID string, oac OrdererAddressConfig, support Support) {
	g.lock.Lock()
	defer g.lock.Unlock()
	// Initialize new state provider for given committer
	logger.Debug("Creating state provider for chainID", chainID)
	servicesAdapter := &state.ServicesMediator{GossipAdapter: g, MCSAdapter: g.mcs}

	// Embed transient store and committer APIs to fulfill
	// DataStore interface to capture ability of retrieving
	// private data
	storeSupport := &DataStoreSupport{
		TransientStore: support.Store,
		Committer:      support.Committer,
	}
	// Initialize private data fetcher
	dataRetriever := privdata2.NewDataRetriever(storeSupport)
	collectionAccessFactory := privdata2.NewCollectionAccessFactory(support.IdDeserializeFactory)
	fetcher := privdata2.NewPuller(g.metrics.PrivdataMetrics, support.Cs, g.gossipSvc, dataRetriever,
		collectionAccessFactory, chainID, privdata2.GetBtlPullMargin())

	coordinatorConfig := privdata2.CoordinatorConfig{
		TransientBlockRetention:        privdata2.GetTransientBlockRetention(),
		PullRetryThreshold:             viper.GetDuration("peer.gossip.pvtData.pullRetryThreshold"),
		SkipPullingInvalidTransactions: viper.GetBool("peer.gossip.pvtData.skipPullingInvalidTransactionsDuringCommit"),
	}

	coordinator := privdata2.NewCoordinator(privdata2.Support{
		ChainID:            chainID,
		CollectionStore:    support.Cs,
		Validator:          support.Validator,
		TransientStore:     support.Store,
		Committer:          support.Committer,
		Fetcher:            fetcher,
		CapabilityProvider: support.CapabilityProvider,
	}, g.createSelfSignedData(), g.metrics.PrivdataMetrics, coordinatorConfig)

	reconcilerConfig := privdata2.GetReconcilerConfig()
	var reconciler privdata2.PvtDataReconciler

	if reconcilerConfig.IsEnabled {
		reconciler = privdata2.NewReconciler(chainID, g.metrics.PrivdataMetrics,
			support.Committer, fetcher, reconcilerConfig)
	} else {
		reconciler = &privdata2.NoOpReconciler{}
	}

	pushAckTimeout := viper.GetDuration("peer.gossip.pvtData.pushAckTimeout")
  //隐私数据处理的句柄
	g.privateHandlers[chainID] = privateHandler{
		support:     support,
		coordinator: coordinator,
		distributor: privdata2.NewDistributor(chainID, g, collectionAccessFactory, g.metrics.PrivdataMetrics, pushAckTimeout),
		reconciler:  reconciler,
	}
	g.privateHandlers[chainID].reconciler.Start()

  //创建指定通道上的State模块，负责Block的同步等---此处会启动一个协程来处理区块数据
	g.chains[chainID] = state.NewGossipStateProvider(chainID, servicesAdapter, coordinator,
		g.metrics.StateMetrics, getStateConfiguration())
	if g.deliveryService[chainID] == nil {
		var err error
    //如果没有与排序服务器的连接，则创建gRPC通信
		g.deliveryService[chainID], err = g.deliveryFactory.Service(g, oac, g.mcs)
		if err != nil {
			logger.Warningf("Cannot create delivery client, due to %+v", errors.WithStack(err))
		}
	}

	// Delivery service might be nil only if it was not able to get connected
	// to the ordering service
	if g.deliveryService[chainID] != nil {
		// Parameters:
		//              - peer.gossip.useLeaderElection
		//              - peer.gossip.orgLeader
		//
		// are mutual exclusive, setting both to true is not defined, hence
		// peer will panic and terminate
		leaderElection := viper.GetBool("peer.gossip.useLeaderElection")
		isStaticOrgLeader := viper.GetBool("peer.gossip.orgLeader")

		if leaderElection && isStaticOrgLeader {
			logger.Panic("Setting both orgLeader and useLeaderElection to true isn't supported, aborting execution")
		}

    //选举状态
		if leaderElection {
      //指定其为组织中Leader节点并负责块同步
			logger.Debug("Delivery uses dynamic leader election mechanism, channel", chainID)
			g.leaderElection[chainID] = g.newLeaderElectionComponent(chainID, g.onStatusChangeFactory(chainID,
				support.Committer), g.metrics.ElectionMetrics)
    //指定状态
		} else if isStaticOrgLeader {
			logger.Debug("This peer is configured to connect to ordering service for blocks delivery, channel", chainID)
      //从排序节点得到区块数据并同步到可达的Peer
      g.deliveryService[chainID].StartDeliverForChannel(chainID, support.Committer, func() {})
		} else {
			logger.Debug("This peer is not configured to connect to ordering service for blocks delivery, channel", chainID)
		}
	} else {
		logger.Warning("Delivery client is down won't be able to pull blocks for chain", chainID)
	}

}

这个函数会把coordinator模块注册到Gossip服务上，此模块主要是用来协调处理隐私数据的相关增删处理（包括远程摘取），并和其相关的私有数据处理接口PrivateHandlers和通道关联。PrivateHandlers字典用来处理隐私数据的句柄，包括分发与保存隐私数据。chains字典(map[string]state.GossipStateProvider)处理消息Msg和State。

四、提交

区块的同步是需要和相关的排序服务和Leader通信的，所以上面提到了两种状态。这里看一下区块数据的流向，网络监听服务收到DataMsg消息处理，然后启动协程来处理数据，看一下代码流程：

//gossip/state/state.go
// NewGossipStateProvider creates state provider with coordinator instance
// to orchestrate arrival of private rwsets and blocks before committing them into the ledger.
func NewGossipStateProvider(chainID string, services *ServicesMediator, ledger ledgerResources, stateMetrics *metrics.StateMetrics, config *Configuration) GossipStateProvider {

	gossipChan, _ := services.Accept(func(message interface{}) bool {
		// Get only data messages
		return message.(*proto.GossipMessage).IsDataMsg() &&
			bytes.Equal(message.(*proto.GossipMessage).Channel, []byte(chainID))
	}, false)

	remoteStateMsgFilter := func(message interface{}) bool {
		receivedMsg := message.(proto.ReceivedMessage)
		msg := receivedMsg.GetGossipMessage()
		if !(msg.IsRemoteStateMessage() || msg.GetPrivateData() != nil) {
			return false
		}
		// Ensure we deal only with messages that belong to this channel
		if !bytes.Equal(msg.Channel, []byte(chainID)) {
			return false
		}
		connInfo := receivedMsg.GetConnectionInfo()
		authErr := services.VerifyByChannel(msg.Channel, connInfo.Identity, connInfo.Auth.Signature, connInfo.Auth.SignedData)
		if authErr != nil {
			logger.Warning("Got unauthorized request from", string(connInfo.Identity))
			return false
		}
		return true
	}

	// Filter message which are only relevant for nodeMetastate transfer
	_, commChan := services.Accept(remoteStateMsgFilter, true)

	height, err := ledger.LedgerHeight()
	if height == 0 {
		// Panic here since this is an indication of invalid situation which should not happen in normal
		// code path.
		logger.Panic("Committer height cannot be zero, ledger should include at least one block (genesis).")
	}

	if err != nil {
		logger.Error("Could not read ledger info to obtain current ledger height due to: ", errors.WithStack(err))
		// Exiting as without ledger it will be impossible
		// to deliver new blocks
		return nil
	}

	s := &GossipStateProviderImpl{
		// MessageCryptoService
		mediator: services,

		// Chain ID
		chainID: chainID,

		// Channel to read new messages from
		gossipChan: gossipChan,

		// Channel to read direct messages from other peers
		commChan: commChan,

		// Create a queue for payloads, wrapped in a metrics buffer
		payloads: &metricsBuffer{
			PayloadsBuffer: NewPayloadsBuffer(height),
			sizeMetrics:    stateMetrics.PayloadBufferSize,
			chainID:        chainID,
		},

		ledger: ledger,

		stateResponseCh: make(chan proto.ReceivedMessage, config.ChannelBufferSize),

		stateRequestCh: make(chan proto.ReceivedMessage, config.ChannelBufferSize),

		stopCh: make(chan struct{}, 1),

		stateTransferActive: 0,

		once: sync.Once{},

		requestValidator: &stateRequestValidator{},

		config: config,

		stateMetrics: stateMetrics,
	}

	logger.Infof("Updating metadata information for channel %s, "+
		"current ledger sequence is at = %d, next expected block is = %d", chainID, height-1, s.payloads.Next())
	logger.Debug("Updating gossip ledger height to", height)
	services.UpdateLedgerHeight(height, common2.ChainID(s.chainID))

	s.done.Add(4)

	// Listen for incoming communication
	go s.listen()
	// Deliver in order messages into the incoming channel
  //重点看这个地方
	go s.deliverPayloads()
	if s.config.EnableStateTransfer {
		// Execute anti entropy to fill missing gaps
		go s.antiEntropy()
	}
	// Taking care of state request messages
	go s.processStateRequests()

	return s
}
func (s *GossipStateProviderImpl) deliverPayloads() {
	defer s.done.Done()

	for {
		select {
		// Wait for notification that next seq has arrived
		case <-s.payloads.Ready():
			logger.Debugf("[%s] Ready to transfer payloads (blocks) to the ledger, next block number is = [%d]", s.chainID, s.payloads.Next())
			// Collect all subsequent payloads
			for payload := s.payloads.Pop(); payload != nil; payload = s.payloads.Pop() {
				rawBlock := &common.Block{}
				if err := pb.Unmarshal(payload.Data, rawBlock); err != nil {
					logger.Errorf("Error getting block with seqNum = %d due to (%+v)...dropping block", payload.SeqNum, errors.WithStack(err))
					continue
				}
				if rawBlock.Data == nil || rawBlock.Header == nil {
					logger.Errorf("Block with claimed sequence %d has no header (%v) or data (%v)",
						payload.SeqNum, rawBlock.Header, rawBlock.Data)
					continue
				}
				logger.Debugf("[%s] Transferring block [%d] with %d transaction(s) to the ledger", s.chainID, payload.SeqNum, len(rawBlock.Data.Data))

				// Read all private data into slice
				var p util.PvtDataCollections
				if payload.PrivateData != nil {
					err := p.Unmarshal(payload.PrivateData)
					if err != nil {
						logger.Errorf("Wasn't able to unmarshal private data for block seqNum = %d due to (%+v)...dropping block", payload.SeqNum, errors.WithStack(err))
						continue
					}
				}
        //这里提交区块数据
				if err := s.commitBlock(rawBlock, p); err != nil {
					if executionErr, isExecutionErr := err.(*vsccErrors.VSCCExecutionFailureError); isExecutionErr {
						logger.Errorf("Failed executing VSCC due to %v. Aborting chain processing", executionErr)
						return
					}
					logger.Panicf("Cannot commit block to the ledger due to %+v", errors.WithStack(err))
				}
			}
		case <-s.stopCh:
			s.stopCh <- struct{}{}
			logger.Debug("State provider has been stopped, finishing to push new blocks.")
			return
		}
	}
}
func (s *GossipStateProviderImpl) commitBlock(block *common.Block, pvtData util.PvtDataCollections) error {

	t1 := time.Now()

	// Commit block with available private transactions
	if err := s.ledger.StoreBlock(block, pvtData); err != nil {
		logger.Errorf("Got error while committing(%+v)", errors.WithStack(err))
		return err
	}

	sinceT1 := time.Since(t1)
	s.stateMetrics.CommitDuration.With("channel", s.chainID).Observe(sinceT1.Seconds())

	// Update ledger height
	s.mediator.UpdateLedgerHeight(block.Header.Number+1, common2.ChainID(s.chainID))
	logger.Debugf("[%s] Committed block [%d] with %d transaction(s)",
		s.chainID, block.Header.Number, len(block.Data.Data))

	s.stateMetrics.Height.With("channel", s.chainID).Set(float64(block.Header.Number + 1))

	return nil
}

最后来到了真正的存储的地方：

//gossip/privdata/coordinator.go
// StoreBlock stores block with private data into the ledger
func (c *coordinator) StoreBlock(block *common.Block, privateDataSets util.PvtDataCollections) error {
  //数据和头的验证
	if block.Data == nil {
		return errors.New("Block data is empty")
	}
	if block.Header == nil {
		return errors.New("Block header is nil")
	}

	logger.Infof("[%s] Received block [%d] from buffer", c.ChainID, block.Header.Number)

	logger.Debugf("[%s] Validating block [%d]", c.ChainID, block.Header.Number)

  //对交易的验证--VSCC调用也在其中
	validationStart := time.Now()
	err := c.Validator.Validate(block)
	c.reportValidationDuration(time.Since(validationStart))
	if err != nil {
		logger.Errorf("Validation failed: %+v", err)
		return err
	}

  //区块公开数据和隐私数据对象
	blockAndPvtData := &ledger.BlockAndPvtData{
		Block:          block,
		PvtData:        make(ledger.TxPvtDataMap),
		MissingPvtData: make(ledger.TxMissingPvtDataMap),
	}

  //判断隐私数据的是否存在
	exist, err := c.DoesPvtDataInfoExistInLedger(block.Header.Number)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

  //存在则处理它
	if exist {
		commitOpts := &ledger.CommitOptions{FetchPvtDataFromLedger: true}
    //提交隐私数据
		return c.CommitWithPvtData(blockAndPvtData, commitOpts)
	}

  //生成缺失的私密数据读写集
	listMissingStart := time.Now()
	ownedRWsets, err := computeOwnedRWsets(block, privateDataSets)
	if err != nil {
		logger.Warning("Failed computing owned RWSets", err)
		return err
	}

  //得到区块中缺失数据
	privateInfo, err := c.listMissingPrivateData(block, ownedRWsets)
	if err != nil {
		logger.Warning(err)
		return err
	}

	// if the peer is configured to not pull private rwset of invalid
	// transaction during block commit, we need to delete those
	// missing entries from the missingKeys list (to be used for pulling rwset
	// from other peers). Instead add them to the block's private data
	// missing list so that the private data reconciler can pull them later.
	if c.skipPullingInvalidTransactions {
		txsFilter := txValidationFlags(block.Metadata.Metadata[common.BlockMetadataIndex_TRANSACTIONS_FILTER])
		for missingRWS := range privateInfo.missingKeys {
			if txsFilter[missingRWS.seqInBlock] != uint8(peer.TxValidationCode_VALID) {
				blockAndPvtData.MissingPvtData.Add(missingRWS.seqInBlock, missingRWS.namespace, missingRWS.collection, true)
				delete(privateInfo.missingKeys, missingRWS)
			}
		}
	}

	c.reportListMissingPrivateDataDuration(time.Since(listMissingStart))

	retryThresh := c.pullRetryThreshold
	var bFetchFromPeers bool // defaults to false
	if len(privateInfo.missingKeys) == 0 {
		logger.Debugf("[%s] No missing collection private write sets to fetch from remote peers", c.ChainID)
	} else {
		bFetchFromPeers = true
		logger.Debugf("[%s] Could not find all collection private write sets in local peer transient store for block [%d].", c.ChainID, block.Header.Number)
		logger.Debugf("[%s] Fetching %d collection private write sets from remote peers for a maximum duration of %s", c.ChainID, len(privateInfo.missingKeys), retryThresh)
	}
	startPull := time.Now()
	limit := startPull.Add(retryThresh)
	for len(privateInfo.missingKeys) > 0 && time.Now().Before(limit) {
		c.fetchFromPeers(block.Header.Number, ownedRWsets, privateInfo)
		// If succeeded to fetch everything, no need to sleep before
		// retry
		if len(privateInfo.missingKeys) == 0 {
			break
		}
		time.Sleep(pullRetrySleepInterval)
	}
	elapsedPull := int64(time.Since(startPull) / time.Millisecond) // duration in ms

	c.reportFetchDuration(time.Since(startPull))

	// Only log results if we actually attempted to fetch
	if bFetchFromPeers {
		if len(privateInfo.missingKeys) == 0 {
			logger.Infof("[%s] Fetched all missing collection private write sets from remote peers for block [%d] (%dms)", c.ChainID, block.Header.Number, elapsedPull)
		} else {
			logger.Warningf("[%s] Could not fetch all missing collection private write sets from remote peers. Will commit block [%d] with missing private write sets:[%v]",
				c.ChainID, block.Header.Number, privateInfo.missingKeys)
		}
	}

	// populate the private RWSets passed to the ledger
	for seqInBlock, nsRWS := range ownedRWsets.bySeqsInBlock() {
		rwsets := nsRWS.toRWSet()
		logger.Debugf("[%s] Added %d namespace private write sets for block [%d], tran [%d]", c.ChainID, len(rwsets.NsPvtRwset), block.Header.Number, seqInBlock)
		blockAndPvtData.PvtData[seqInBlock] = &ledger.TxPvtData{
			SeqInBlock: seqInBlock,
			WriteSet:   rwsets,
		}
	}

	// populate missing RWSets to be passed to the ledger
	for missingRWS := range privateInfo.missingKeys {
		blockAndPvtData.MissingPvtData.Add(missingRWS.seqInBlock, missingRWS.namespace, missingRWS.collection, true)
	}

	// populate missing RWSets for ineligible collections to be passed to the ledger
	for _, missingRWS := range privateInfo.missingRWSButIneligible {
		blockAndPvtData.MissingPvtData.Add(missingRWS.seqInBlock, missingRWS.namespace, missingRWS.collection, false)
	}

	// commit block and private data
	commitStart := time.Now()
	err = c.CommitWithPvtData(blockAndPvtData, &ledger.CommitOptions{})
	c.reportCommitDuration(time.Since(commitStart))
	if err != nil {
		return errors.Wrap(err, "commit failed")
	}

	purgeStart := time.Now()

	if len(blockAndPvtData.PvtData) > 0 {
		// Finally, purge all transactions in block - valid or not valid.
    //清除无效块或事务
		if err := c.PurgeByTxids(privateInfo.txns); err != nil {
			logger.Error("Purging transactions", privateInfo.txns, "failed:", err)
		}
	}

  //清除指定高度下的隐私对象读写集
	seq := block.Header.Number
	if seq%c.transientBlockRetention == 0 && seq > c.transientBlockRetention {
		err := c.PurgeByHeight(seq - c.transientBlockRetention)
		if err != nil {
			logger.Error("Failed purging data from transient store at block", seq, ":", err)
		}
	}

	c.reportPurgeDuration(time.Since(purgeStart))

	return nil
}
// listMissingPrivateData identifies missing private write sets and attempts to retrieve them from local transient store
func (c *coordinator) listMissingPrivateData(block *common.Block, ownedRWsets map[rwSetKey][]byte) (*privateDataInfo, error) {
  //区块的校验
	if block.Metadata == nil || len(block.Metadata.Metadata) <= int(common.BlockMetadataIndex_TRANSACTIONS_FILTER) {
		return nil, errors.New("Block.Metadata is nil or Block.Metadata lacks a Tx filter bitmap")
	}
	txsFilter := txValidationFlags(block.Metadata.Metadata[common.BlockMetadataIndex_TRANSACTIONS_FILTER])
	if len(txsFilter) != len(block.Data.Data) {
		return nil, errors.Errorf("Block data size(%d) is different from Tx filter size(%d)", len(block.Data.Data), len(txsFilter))
	}

	sources := make(map[rwSetKey][]*peer.Endorsement)
	privateRWsetsInBlock := make(map[rwSetKey]struct{})
	missing := make(rwSetKeysByTxIDs)
	data := blockData(block.Data.Data)
	bi := &transactionInspector{
		sources:              sources,
		missingKeys:          missing,
		ownedRWsets:          ownedRWsets,
		privateRWsetsInBlock: privateRWsetsInBlock,
		coordinator:          c,
	}
	storePvtDataOfInvalidTx := c.Support.CapabilityProvider.Capabilities().StorePvtDataOfInvalidTx()
  //获取交易列表并记录缺失隐私数据的KEY到数据对象中
	txList, err := data.forEachTxn(storePvtDataOfInvalidTx, txsFilter, bi.inspectTransaction)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	privateInfo := &privateDataInfo{
		sources:                 sources,
		missingKeysByTxIDs:      missing,
		txns:                    txList,
		missingRWSButIneligible: bi.missingRWSButIneligible,
	}

	logger.Debug("Retrieving private write sets for", len(privateInfo.missingKeysByTxIDs), "transactions from transient store")

	// Put into ownedRWsets RW sets that are missing and found in the transient store
  //在存储对象中获得缺失的隐私对象读写集并保存到ownedRWsets中
	c.fetchMissingFromTransientStore(privateInfo.missingKeysByTxIDs, ownedRWsets)

	// In the end, iterate over the ownedRWsets, and if the key doesn't exist in
	// the privateRWsetsInBlock - delete it from the ownedRWsets
  //删除非自有读写集即过滤数据
	for k := range ownedRWsets {
		if _, exists := privateRWsetsInBlock[k]; !exists {
			logger.Warning("Removed", k.namespace, k.collection, "hash", k.hash, "from the data passed to the ledger")
			delete(ownedRWsets, k)
		}
	}

	privateInfo.missingKeys = privateInfo.missingKeysByTxIDs.flatten()
	// Remove all keys we already own
	privateInfo.missingKeys.exclude(func(key rwSetKey) bool {
		_, exists := ownedRWsets[key]
		return exists
	})

	return privateInfo, nil
}

上面基本就把交易的提交部分分析了一遍，分析一下数据块和私密数据的写入和提交，帐本提交器中的CommitWithPvtData是真正提交器工作的起始：

//core/committer/comitter_impl.go
// CommitWithPvtData commits blocks atomically with private data
func (lc *LedgerCommitter) CommitWithPvtData(blockAndPvtData *ledger.BlockAndPvtData, commitOpts *ledger.CommitOptions) error {
	// Do validation and whatever needed before
	// committing new block
	//对提交区块进行预处理
	if err := lc.preCommit(blockAndPvtData.Block); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// Committing new block
	if err := lc.PeerLedgerSupport.CommitWithPvtData(blockAndPvtData, commitOpts); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	return nil
}
// preCommit takes care to validate the block and update based on its
// content判断是不是配置区块，是则执行 lc.eventer，发送解析消息并更新相关通道
func (lc *LedgerCommitter) preCommit(block *common.Block) error {
	// Updating CSCC with new configuration block
	if utils.IsConfigBlock(block) {
		logger.Debug("Received configuration update, calling CSCC ConfigUpdate")
		if err := lc.eventer(block); err != nil {
			return errors.WithMessage(err, "could not update CSCC with new configuration update")
		}
	}
	return nil
}
//core/ledger/kvledger/kv_ledger.go
// CommitWithPvtData commits the block and the corresponding pvt data in an atomic operation
func (l *kvLedger) CommitWithPvtData(pvtdataAndBlock *ledger.BlockAndPvtData, commitOpts *ledger.CommitOptions) error {
	var err error
	block := pvtdataAndBlock.Block
	blockNo := pvtdataAndBlock.Block.Header.Number

	startBlockProcessing := time.Now()
	if commitOpts.FetchPvtDataFromLedger {
		// when we reach here, it means that the pvtdata store has the
		// pvtdata associated with this block but the stateDB might not
		// have it. During the commit of this block, no update would
		// happen in the pvtdata store as it already has the required data.

		// if there is any missing pvtData, reconciler will fetch them
		// and update both the pvtdataStore and stateDB. Hence, we can
		// fetch what is available in the pvtDataStore. If any or
		// all of the pvtdata associated with the block got expired
		// and no longer available in pvtdataStore, eventually these
		// pvtdata would get expired in the stateDB as well (though it
		// would miss the pvtData until then)
		//协调器会处理pvtdata和stateDB中的具体情况是滞一致，包括更新、修改等。同时将数据写入相关的数据库中
		txPvtData, err := l.blockStore.GetPvtDataByNum(blockNo, nil)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		pvtdataAndBlock.PvtData = convertTxPvtDataArrayToMap(txPvtData)
	}

	logger.Debugf("[%s] Validating state for block [%d]", l.ledgerID, blockNo)
	//利用交易管理器上的验证器进行读写集的MVCC检查，只检查有效性。验证和标记版本，取得经验证的批量数据操作对。其只包含写数据即写入和删除。
	txstatsInfo, updateBatchBytes, err := l.txtmgmt.ValidateAndPrepare(pvtdataAndBlock, true)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	elapsedBlockProcessing := time.Since(startBlockProcessing)

	startBlockstorageAndPvtdataCommit := time.Now()
	logger.Debugf("[%s] Adding CommitHash to the block [%d]", l.ledgerID, blockNo)
	// we need to ensure that only after a gensis block, commitHash is computed
	// and added to the block. In other words, only after joining a new channel
	// or peer reset, the commitHash would be added to the block
	if block.Header.Number == 1 || l.commitHash != nil {
		l.addBlockCommitHash(pvtdataAndBlock.Block, updateBatchBytes)
	}

	logger.Debugf("[%s] Committing block [%d] to storage", l.ledgerID, blockNo)
	l.blockAPIsRWLock.Lock()
	defer l.blockAPIsRWLock.Unlock()
	//又一个调用接口继承的相同方法
	if err = l.blockStore.CommitWithPvtData(pvtdataAndBlock); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	elapsedBlockstorageAndPvtdataCommit := time.Since(startBlockstorageAndPvtdataCommit)

	startCommitState := time.Now()
	logger.Debugf("[%s] Committing block [%d] transactions to state database", l.ledgerID, blockNo)
	//提交有效数据到状态数据库
	if err = l.txtmgmt.Commit(); err != nil {
		panic(errors.WithMessage(err, "error during commit to txmgr"))
	}
	elapsedCommitState := time.Since(startCommitState)

	// History database could be written in parallel with state and/or async as a future optimization,
	// although it has not been a bottleneck...no need to clutter the log with elapsed duration.
	if ledgerconfig.IsHistoryDBEnabled() {
		logger.Debugf("[%s] Committing block [%d] transactions to history database", l.ledgerID, blockNo)
		//更新区块数据库历史数据库
		if err := l.historyDB.Commit(block); err != nil {
			panic(errors.WithMessage(err, "Error during commit to history db"))
		}
	}

	logger.Infof("[%s] Committed block [%d] with %d transaction(s) in %dms (state_validation=%dms block_and_pvtdata_commit=%dms state_commit=%dms)"+
		" commitHash=[%x]",
		l.ledgerID, block.Header.Number, len(block.Data.Data),
		time.Since(startBlockProcessing)/time.Millisecond,
		elapsedBlockProcessing/time.Millisecond,
		elapsedBlockstorageAndPvtdataCommit/time.Millisecond,
		elapsedCommitState/time.Millisecond,
		l.commitHash,
	)
	//更新当前区块的状态
	l.updateBlockStats(
		elapsedBlockProcessing,
		elapsedBlockstorageAndPvtdataCommit,
		elapsedCommitState,
		txstatsInfo,
	)
	return nil
}
//core/ledger/kvLedger/txmgmt/txmgr/lockbasedtxmgr/lockbased_txmgr.go
// ValidateAndPrepare implements method in interface `txmgmt.TxMgr`
func (txmgr *LockBasedTxMgr) ValidateAndPrepare(blockAndPvtdata *ledger.BlockAndPvtData, doMVCCValidation bool) (
	[]*txmgr.TxStatInfo, []byte, error,
) {
	// Among ValidateAndPrepare(), PrepareExpiringKeys(), and
	// RemoveStaleAndCommitPvtDataOfOldBlocks(), we can allow only one
	// function to execute at a time. The reason is that each function calls
	// LoadCommittedVersions() which would clear the existing entries in the
	// transient buffer and load new entries (such a transient buffer is not
	// applicable for the golevelDB). As a result, these three functions can
	// interleave and nullify the optimization provided by the bulk read API.
	// Once the ledger cache (FAB-103) is introduced and existing
	// LoadCommittedVersions() is refactored to return a map, we can allow
	// these three functions to execute parallely.
	logger.Debugf("Waiting for purge mgr to finish the background job of computing expirying keys for the block")
	txmgr.pvtdataPurgeMgr.WaitForPrepareToFinish()
	txmgr.oldBlockCommit.Lock()
	defer txmgr.oldBlockCommit.Unlock()
	logger.Debug("lock acquired on oldBlockCommit for validating read set version against the committed version")

	block := blockAndPvtdata.Block
	logger.Debugf("Validating new block with num trans = [%d]", len(block.Data.Data))
	//利用验证器执行并获取Batch对象
	batch, txstatsInfo, err := txmgr.validator.ValidateAndPrepareBatch(blockAndPvtdata, doMVCCValidation)
	if err != nil {
		txmgr.reset()
		return nil, nil, err
	}
	txmgr.current = &current{block: block, batch: batch}
	//调用交易管理监听器分发到指定的句柄
	if err := txmgr.invokeNamespaceListeners(); err != nil {
		txmgr.reset()
		return nil, nil, err
	}

	updateBytesBuilder := &privacyenabledstate.UpdatesBytesBuilder{}
	//生成更新数据
	updateBytes, err := updateBytesBuilder.DeterministicBytesForPubAndHashUpdates(batch)
	return txstatsInfo, updateBytes, err
}
//core/ledger/kvLedger/txmgmt/validator/valimpl/default_impl.go
// ValidateAndPrepareBatch implements the function in interface validator.Validator
func (impl *DefaultImpl) ValidateAndPrepareBatch(blockAndPvtdata *ledger.BlockAndPvtData,
	doMVCCValidation bool) (*privacyenabledstate.UpdateBatch, []*txmgr.TxStatInfo, error) {
	block := blockAndPvtdata.Block
	logger.Debugf("ValidateAndPrepareBatch() for block number = [%d]", block.Header.Number)
	var internalBlock *internal.Block
	var txsStatInfo []*txmgr.TxStatInfo
	var pubAndHashUpdates *internal.PubAndHashUpdates
	var pvtUpdates *privacyenabledstate.PvtUpdateBatch
	var err error

	logger.Debug("preprocessing ProtoBlock...")
	//解析common.Blcok区块对象，将将其转换为valinternal.Block
	if internalBlock, txsStatInfo, err = preprocessProtoBlock(impl.txmgr, impl.db.ValidateKeyValue, block, doMVCCValidation); err != nil {
		return nil, nil, err
	}

	if pubAndHashUpdates, err = impl.internalValidator.ValidateAndPrepareBatch(internalBlock, doMVCCValidation); err != nil {
		return nil, nil, err
	}
	logger.Debug("validating rwset...")
	if pvtUpdates, err = validateAndPreparePvtBatch(internalBlock, impl.db, pubAndHashUpdates, blockAndPvtdata.PvtData); err != nil {
		return nil, nil, err
	}
	logger.Debug("postprocessing ProtoBlock...")
	//通过验证对象更新区块无数据
	postprocessProtoBlock(block, internalBlock)
	logger.Debug("ValidateAndPrepareBatch() complete")

	txsFilter := util.TxValidationFlags(block.Metadata.Metadata[common.BlockMetadataIndex_TRANSACTIONS_FILTER])
	for i := range txsFilter {
		txsStatInfo[i].ValidationCode = txsFilter.Flag(i)
	}
	return &privacyenabledstate.UpdateBatch{
		PubUpdates:  pubAndHashUpdates.PubUpdates,
		HashUpdates: pubAndHashUpdates.HashUpdates,
		PvtUpdates:  pvtUpdates,
	}, txsStatInfo, nil
}
//core/ledger/kvLedger/txmgmt/validator/valimpl/helper.go
// preprocessProtoBlock parses the proto instance of block into 'Block' structure.
// The retuned 'Block' structure contains only transactions that are endorser transactions and are not alredy marked as invalid
func preprocessProtoBlock(txMgr txmgr.TxMgr,
	validateKVFunc func(key string, value []byte) error,
	block *common.Block, doMVCCValidation bool,
) (*internal.Block, []*txmgr.TxStatInfo, error) {
	b := &internal.Block{Num: block.Header.Number}
	txsStatInfo := []*txmgr.TxStatInfo{}
	// Committer validator has already set validation flags based on well formed tran checks
	//获取交易验证码列表
	txsFilter := util.TxValidationFlags(block.Metadata.Metadata[common.BlockMetadataIndex_TRANSACTIONS_FILTER])
	for txIndex, envBytes := range block.Data.Data {
		var env *common.Envelope
		var chdr *common.ChannelHeader
		var payload *common.Payload
		var err error
		txStatInfo := &txmgr.TxStatInfo{TxType: -1}
		//添加交易状态信息
		txsStatInfo = append(txsStatInfo, txStatInfo)
		//解析数据流获取envelope数据结构对象
		if env, err = utils.GetEnvelopeFromBlock(envBytes); err == nil {
      //获取有效数据
			if payload, err = utils.GetPayload(env); err == nil {
				//解析数据流的通道头
				chdr, err = utils.UnmarshalChannelHeader(payload.Header.ChannelHeader)
			}
		}

		//检查交易的有效性
		if txsFilter.IsInvalid(txIndex) {
			// Skipping invalid transaction
			logger.Warningf("Channel [%s]: Block [%d] Transaction index [%d] TxId [%s]"+
				" marked as invalid by committer. Reason code [%s]",
				chdr.GetChannelId(), block.Header.Number, txIndex, chdr.GetTxId(),
				txsFilter.Flag(txIndex).String())
			//无效直接跳过
			continue
		}
		if err != nil {
			return nil, nil, err
		}

    //交易的读写集获取，并根据交易 类进行处理
		var txRWSet *rwsetutil.TxRwSet
		//获得交易类型
		txType := common.HeaderType(chdr.Type)
		logger.Debugf("txType=%s", txType)
		txStatInfo.TxType = txType
		//普通背书交易
		if txType == common.HeaderType_ENDORSER_TRANSACTION {
			// extract actions from the envelope message
			//从数据封装中取得Actions，即交易的类型动作和相关的提案信息绑定
			respPayload, err := utils.GetActionFromEnvelope(envBytes)
			if err != nil {
				txsFilter.SetFlag(txIndex, peer.TxValidationCode_NIL_TXACTION)
				continue
			}
			txStatInfo.ChaincodeID = respPayload.ChaincodeId
			txRWSet = &rwsetutil.TxRwSet{}

			//解析结果读写集
			if err = txRWSet.FromProtoBytes(respPayload.Results); err != nil {
				txsFilter.SetFlag(txIndex, peer.TxValidationCode_INVALID_OTHER_REASON)
				//跳过错误交易
				continue
			}
		} else {
			//处理非背书交易
			rwsetProto, err := processNonEndorserTx(env, chdr.TxId, txType, txMgr, !doMVCCValidation)
			if _, ok := err.(*customtx.InvalidTxError); ok {
				txsFilter.SetFlag(txIndex, peer.TxValidationCode_INVALID_OTHER_REASON)
				continue
			}
			if err != nil {
				return nil, nil, err
			}
			if rwsetProto != nil {
				//处理结果读写集
				if txRWSet, err = rwsetutil.TxRwSetFromProtoMsg(rwsetProto); err != nil {
					return nil, nil, err
				}
			}
		}
		if txRWSet != nil {
			txStatInfo.NumCollections = txRWSet.NumCollections()
			if err := validateWriteset(txRWSet, validateKVFunc); err != nil {
				logger.Warningf("Channel [%s]: Block [%d] Transaction index [%d] TxId [%s]"+
					" marked as invalid. Reason code [%s]",
					chdr.GetChannelId(), block.Header.Number, txIndex, chdr.GetTxId(), peer.TxValidationCode_INVALID_WRITESET)
				txsFilter.SetFlag(txIndex, peer.TxValidationCode_INVALID_WRITESET)
				continue
			}

			//添加交易到列表
			b.Txs = append(b.Txs, &internal.Transaction{IndexInBlock: txIndex, ID: chdr.TxId, RWSet: txRWSet})
		}
	}
	return b, txsStatInfo, nil
}
//helper.go
func processNonEndorserTx(txEnv *common.Envelope, txid string, txType common.HeaderType, txmgr txmgr.TxMgr, synchingState bool) (*rwset.TxReadWriteSet, error) {
	logger.Debugf("Performing custom processing for transaction [txid=%s], [txType=%s]", txid, txType)
	processor := customtx.GetProcessor(txType)
	logger.Debugf("Processor for custom tx processing:%#v", processor)
	if processor == nil {
		return nil, nil
	}

	var err error
	var sim ledger.TxSimulator
	var simRes *ledger.TxSimulationResults
	if sim, err = txmgr.NewTxSimulator(txid); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer sim.Done()
	if err = processor.GenerateSimulationResults(txEnv, sim, synchingState); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	if simRes, err = sim.GetTxSimulationResults(); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return simRes.PubSimulationResults, nil
}
//core/peer/configtx_processor.go
func (tp *configtxProcessor) GenerateSimulationResults(txEnv *common.Envelope, simulator ledger.TxSimulator, initializingLedger bool) error {
	payload := utils.UnmarshalPayloadOrPanic(txEnv.Payload)
	channelHdr := utils.UnmarshalChannelHeaderOrPanic(payload.Header.ChannelHeader)
	txType := common.HeaderType(channelHdr.GetType())

	switch txType {
	case common.HeaderType_CONFIG:
		peerLogger.Debugf("Processing CONFIG")
		return processChannelConfigTx(txEnv, simulator)

	default:
		return fmt.Errorf("tx type [%s] is not expected", txType)
	}
}
func processChannelConfigTx(txEnv *common.Envelope, simulator ledger.TxSimulator) error {
	configEnvelope := &common.ConfigEnvelope{}
	if _, err := utils.UnmarshalEnvelopeOfType(txEnv, common.HeaderType_CONFIG, configEnvelope); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	channelConfig := configEnvelope.Config

  //这个将通道信息保存到交易模拟器中
	if err := persistConf(simulator, channelConfigKey, channelConfig); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	peerLogger.Debugf("channelConfig=%s", channelConfig)
	if channelConfig == nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("Channel config found nil")
	}

	return nil
}

func persistConf(simulator ledger.TxSimulator, key string, config *common.Config) error {
	serializedConfig, err := serialize(config)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return simulator.SetState(peerNamespace, key, serializedConfig)
}
// SetState implements method in interface `ledger.TxSimulator`
func (s *lockBasedTxSimulator) SetState(ns string, key string, value []byte) error {
	if err := s.checkWritePrecondition(key, value); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	s.rwsetBuilder.AddToWriteSet(ns, key, value)
	return nil
}
// AddToWriteSet adds a key and value to the write-set
func (b *RWSetBuilder) AddToWriteSet(ns string, key string, value []byte) {
	nsPubRwBuilder := b.getOrCreateNsPubRwBuilder(ns)
	nsPubRwBuilder.writeMap[key] = newKVWrite(key, value)
}

下来就要进行MVCC检查和准备数据，ValidateAndPrepareBatch（core/ledger/kvLedger/txmgmt/validator/valimpl/default_impl.go）函数调用ValidateAndPrepareBatch（core/ledger/kvledger/txmgmt/validator/statebasedval/state_based_validator.go）函数，看一下代码：

// ValidateAndPrepareBatch implements method in Validator interface
func (v *Validator) ValidateAndPrepareBatch(block *internal.Block, doMVCCValidation bool) (*internal.PubAndHashUpdates, error) {
	// Check whether statedb implements BulkOptimizable interface. For now,
	// only CouchDB implements BulkOptimizable to reduce the number of REST
	// API calls from peer to CouchDB instance.
	//验证接口的批量传输并预加哉读集
	if v.db.IsBulkOptimizable() {
		err := v.preLoadCommittedVersionOfRSet(block)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
	}

  //创建共有数据和隐私数据哈希值批量操作--用于保存所有updates，即验证通过的有效交易写集体
	updates := internal.NewPubAndHashUpdates()
	for _, tx := range block.Txs {
		var validationCode peer.TxValidationCode
		var err error
		//验证背书交易
		if validationCode, err = v.validateEndorserTX(tx.RWSet, doMVCCValidation, updates); err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}

		tx.ValidationCode = validationCode
		if validationCode == peer.TxValidationCode_VALID {
			logger.Debugf("Block [%d] Transaction index [%d] TxId [%s] marked as valid by state validator", block.Num, tx.IndexInBlock, tx.ID)
			committingTxHeight := version.NewHeight(block.Num, uint64(tx.IndexInBlock))
			updates.ApplyWriteSet(tx.RWSet, committingTxHeight, v.db)
		} else {
			logger.Warningf("Block [%d] Transaction index [%d] TxId [%s] marked as invalid by state validator. Reason code [%s]",
				block.Num, tx.IndexInBlock, tx.ID, validationCode.String())
		}
	}
	return updates, nil
}
// validateEndorserTX validates endorser transaction
func (v *Validator) validateEndorserTX(
	txRWSet *rwsetutil.TxRwSet,
	doMVCCValidation bool,
	updates *internal.PubAndHashUpdates) (peer.TxValidationCode, error) {

	var validationCode = peer.TxValidationCode_VALID
	var err error
	//mvccvalidation, may invalidate transaction
	if doMVCCValidation {
		validationCode, err = v.validateTx(txRWSet, updates)
	}
	return validationCode, err
}
func (v *Validator) validateTx(txRWSet *rwsetutil.TxRwSet, updates *internal.PubAndHashUpdates) (peer.TxValidationCode, error) {
	// Uncomment the following only for local debugging. Don't want to print data in the logs in production
	//logger.Debugf("validateTx - validating txRWSet: %s", spew.Sdump(txRWSet))
	for _, nsRWSet := range txRWSet.NsRwSets {
		ns := nsRWSet.NameSpace
		// Validate public reads验证单个键读集合
		if valid, err := v.validateReadSet(ns, nsRWSet.KvRwSet.Reads, updates.PubUpdates); !valid || err != nil {
			if err != nil {
				return peer.TxValidationCode(-1), err
			}
			return peer.TxValidationCode_MVCC_READ_CONFLICT, nil
		}
		// Validate range queries for phantom items验证块范围内读集合
		if valid, err := v.validateRangeQueries(ns, nsRWSet.KvRwSet.RangeQueriesInfo, updates.PubUpdates); !valid || err != nil {
			if err != nil {
				return peer.TxValidationCode(-1), err
			}
			return peer.TxValidationCode_PHANTOM_READ_CONFLICT, nil
		}
		// Validate hashes for private reads验证隐私数据读集合
		if valid, err := v.validateNsHashedReadSets(ns, nsRWSet.CollHashedRwSets, updates.HashUpdates); !valid || err != nil {
			if err != nil {
				return peer.TxValidationCode(-1), err
			}
			return peer.TxValidationCode_MVCC_READ_CONFLICT, nil
		}
	}
	return peer.TxValidationCode_VALID, nil
}

下面是对三种类型的源码的分析，单个，范围和隐私：

func (v *Validator) validateReadSet(ns string, kvReads []*kvrwset.KVRead, updates *privacyenabledstate.PubUpdateBatch) (bool, error) {
	for _, kvRead := range kvReads {
		if valid, err := v.validateKVRead(ns, kvRead, updates); !valid || err != nil {
			return valid, err
		}
	}
	return true, nil
}
// validateKVRead performs mvcc check for a key read during transaction simulation.
// i.e., it checks whether a key/version combination is already updated in the statedb (by an already committed block)
// or in the updates (by a preceding valid transaction in the current block)
func (v *Validator) validateKVRead(ns string, kvRead *kvrwset.KVRead, updates *privacyenabledstate.PubUpdateBatch) (bool, error) {
  //首先判断更新批量操作集合updates
	if updates.Exists(ns, kvRead.Key) {
		return false, nil
	}

	//取得当前状态数据库状态值
	committedVersion, err := v.db.GetVersion(ns, kvRead.Key)
	if err != nil {
		return false, err
	}

	logger.Debugf("Comparing versions for key [%s]: committed version=%#v and read version=%#v",
		kvRead.Key, committedVersion, rwsetutil.NewVersion(kvRead.Version))

	//检查版本的一致，否则更新
	//AreSame用来比较版本的一致性
	if !version.AreSame(committedVersion, rwsetutil.NewVersion(kvRead.Version)) {
		logger.Debugf("Version mismatch for key [%s:%s]. Committed version = [%#v], Version in readSet [%#v]",
			ns, kvRead.Key, committedVersion, kvRead.Version)
		return false, nil
	}
	return true, nil
}
func (v *Validator) validateRangeQueries(ns string, rangeQueriesInfo []*kvrwset.RangeQueryInfo, updates *privacyenabledstate.PubUpdateBatch) (bool, error) {
	for _, rqi := range rangeQueriesInfo {
		if valid, err := v.validateRangeQuery(ns, rqi, updates); !valid || err != nil {
			return valid, err
		}
	}
	return true, nil
}

// validateRangeQuery performs a phantom read check i.e., it
// checks whether the results of the range query are still the same when executed on the
// statedb (latest state as of last committed block) + updates (prepared by the writes of preceding valid transactions
// in the current block and yet to be committed as part of group commit at the end of the validation of the block)
func (v *Validator) validateRangeQuery(ns string, rangeQueryInfo *kvrwset.RangeQueryInfo, updates *privacyenabledstate.PubUpdateBatch) (bool, error) {
	logger.Debugf("validateRangeQuery: ns=%s, rangeQueryInfo=%s", ns, rangeQueryInfo)

	// If during simulation, the caller had not exhausted the iterator so
	// rangeQueryInfo.EndKey is not actual endKey given by the caller in the range query
	// but rather it is the last key seen by the caller and hence the combinedItr should include the endKey in the results.
	includeEndKey := !rangeQueryInfo.ItrExhausted

  //创建组合迭代器
	combinedItr, err := newCombinedIterator(v.db, updates.UpdateBatch,
		ns, rangeQueryInfo.StartKey, rangeQueryInfo.EndKey, includeEndKey)
	if err != nil {
		return false, err
	}
	defer combinedItr.Close()
	var validator rangeQueryValidator
	//默克尔树的摘要对象获取和检查
	if rangeQueryInfo.GetReadsMerkleHashes() != nil {
		logger.Debug(`Hashing results are present in the range query info hence, initiating hashing based validation`)
		validator = &rangeQueryHashValidator{}
	} else {
		logger.Debug(`Hashing results are not present in the range query info hence, initiating raw KVReads based validation`)
		validator = &rangeQueryResultsValidator{}
	}
	//初始化读写验证器
	validator.init(rangeQueryInfo, combinedItr)
	//验证数据的有效性
	return validator.validate()
}
func (m *RangeQueryInfo) GetReadsMerkleHashes() *QueryReadsMerkleSummary {
	if x, ok := m.GetReadsInfo().(*RangeQueryInfo_ReadsMerkleHashes); ok {
		return x.ReadsMerkleHashes
	}
	return nil
}
//此处只给了实现接口的两个函数中的一个，其它请看源码
func (v *rangeQueryResultsValidator) validate() (bool, error) {
	rqResults := v.rqInfo.GetRawReads().GetKvReads()
	itr := v.itr
	var result statedb.QueryResult
	var err error
	if result, err = itr.Next(); err != nil {
		return false, err
	}
	if len(rqResults) == 0 {
		return result == nil, nil
	}
	for i := 0; i < len(rqResults); i++ {
		kvRead := rqResults[i]
		logger.Debugf("comparing kvRead=[%#v] to queryResponse=[%#v]", kvRead, result)
		if result == nil {
			logger.Debugf("Query response nil. Key [%s] got deleted", kvRead.Key)
			return false, nil
		}
		versionedKV := result.(*statedb.VersionedKV)
		if versionedKV.Key != kvRead.Key {
			logger.Debugf("key name mismatch: Key in rwset = [%s], key in query results = [%s]", kvRead.Key, versionedKV.Key)
			return false, nil
		}
		if !version.AreSame(versionedKV.Version, convertToVersionHeight(kvRead.Version)) {
			logger.Debugf(`Version mismatch for key [%s]: Version in rwset = [%#v], latest version = [%#v]`,
				versionedKV.Key, versionedKV.Version, kvRead.Version)
			return false, nil
		}
		if result, err = itr.Next(); err != nil {
			return false, err
		}
	}
	if result != nil {
		// iterator is not exhausted - which means that there are extra results in the given range
		logger.Debugf("Extra result = [%#v]", result)
		return false, nil
	}
	return true, nil
}
func (v *Validator) validateNsHashedReadSets(ns string, collHashedRWSets []*rwsetutil.CollHashedRwSet,
	updates *privacyenabledstate.HashedUpdateBatch) (bool, error) {
	for _, collHashedRWSet := range collHashedRWSets {
		if valid, err := v.validateCollHashedReadSet(ns, collHashedRWSet.CollectionName, collHashedRWSet.HashedRwSet.HashedReads, updates); !valid || err != nil {
			return valid, err
		}
	}
	return true, nil
}

func (v *Validator) validateCollHashedReadSet(ns, coll string, kvReadHashes []*kvrwset.KVReadHash,
	updates *privacyenabledstate.HashedUpdateBatch) (bool, error) {
	for _, kvReadHash := range kvReadHashes {
		if valid, err := v.validateKVReadHash(ns, coll, kvReadHash, updates); !valid || err != nil {
			return valid, err
		}
	}
	return true, nil
}

下面该处理隐私数据了，在ValidateAndPrepareBatch调用了validateAndPreparePvtBatch函数中：

// validateAndPreparePvtBatch pulls out the private write-set for the transactions that are marked as valid
// by the internal public data validator. Finally, it validates (if not already self-endorsed) the pvt rwset against the
// corresponding hash present in the public rwset
func validateAndPreparePvtBatch(block *internal.Block, db privacyenabledstate.DB,
	pubAndHashUpdates *internal.PubAndHashUpdates, pvtdata map[uint64]*ledger.TxPvtData) (*privacyenabledstate.PvtUpdateBatch, error) {
	pvtUpdates := privacyenabledstate.NewPvtUpdateBatch()
	//遍历并跳过区块中无效交易
	metadataUpdates := metadataUpdates{}
	for _, tx := range block.Txs {
		if tx.ValidationCode != peer.TxValidationCode_VALID {
			continue
		}

		//跳过没有隐私数据的交易
		if !tx.ContainsPvtWrites() {
			continue
		}

		//获取指定的隐私交易
		txPvtdata := pvtdata[uint64(tx.IndexInBlock)]
		if txPvtdata == nil {
			continue
		}

		//检查是否需要隐私数据交易，默认均为True
		if requiresPvtdataValidation(txPvtdata) {
      //验证隐私交易
			if err := validatePvtdata(tx, txPvtdata); err != nil {
				return nil, err
			}
		}
		var pvtRWSet *rwsetutil.TxPvtRwSet
		var err error

		//解析隐私数据写集合
		if pvtRWSet, err = rwsetutil.TxPvtRwSetFromProtoMsg(txPvtdata.WriteSet); err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		//添加隐私的更新批量操作
		addPvtRWSetToPvtUpdateBatch(pvtRWSet, pvtUpdates, version.NewHeight(block.Num, uint64(tx.IndexInBlock)))
		//元数据隐私更新
		addEntriesToMetadataUpdates(metadataUpdates, pvtRWSet)
	}
	if err := incrementPvtdataVersionIfNeeded(metadataUpdates, pvtUpdates, pubAndHashUpdates, db); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return pvtUpdates, nil
}
// validPvtdata returns true if hashes of all the collections writeset present in the pvt data
// match with the corresponding hashes present in the public read-write set
func validatePvtdata(tx *internal.Transaction, pvtdata *ledger.TxPvtData) error {
	if pvtdata.WriteSet == nil {
		return nil
	}

	for _, nsPvtdata := range pvtdata.WriteSet.NsPvtRwset {
		for _, collPvtdata := range nsPvtdata.CollectionPvtRwset {
			//基于原始数据计算HASH
			collPvtdataHash := util.ComputeHash(collPvtdata.Rwset)
			//获取交易中的数据哈希值
			hashInPubdata := tx.RetrieveHash(nsPvtdata.Namespace, collPvtdata.CollectionName)
			if !bytes.Equal(collPvtdataHash, hashInPubdata) {
				return &validator.ErrPvtdataHashMissmatch{
					Msg: fmt.Sprintf(`Hash of pvt data for collection [%s:%s] does not match with the corresponding hash in the public data.
					public hash = [%#v], pvt data hash = [%#v]`, nsPvtdata.Namespace, collPvtdata.CollectionName, hashInPubdata, collPvtdataHash),
				}
			}
		}
	}
	return nil
}
func TxPvtRwSetFromProtoMsg(protoMsg *rwset.TxPvtReadWriteSet) (*TxPvtRwSet, error) {
	txPvtRwset := &TxPvtRwSet{}
	var nsPvtRwSet *NsPvtRwSet
	var err error
	for _, nsRwSetProtoMsg := range protoMsg.NsPvtRwset {
		if nsPvtRwSet, err = nsPvtRwSetFromProtoMsg(nsRwSetProtoMsg); err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		txPvtRwset.NsPvtRwSet = append(txPvtRwset.NsPvtRwSet, nsPvtRwSet)
	}
	return txPvtRwset, nil
}
func addPvtRWSetToPvtUpdateBatch(pvtRWSet *rwsetutil.TxPvtRwSet, pvtUpdateBatch *privacyenabledstate.PvtUpdateBatch, ver *version.Height) {
	for _, ns := range pvtRWSet.NsPvtRwSet {
		for _, coll := range ns.CollPvtRwSets {
			for _, kvwrite := range coll.KvRwSet.Writes {
				if !kvwrite.IsDelete {
					pvtUpdateBatch.Put(ns.NameSpace, coll.CollectionName, kvwrite.Key, kvwrite.Value, ver)
				} else {
					pvtUpdateBatch.Delete(ns.NameSpace, coll.CollectionName, kvwrite.Key, ver)
				}
			}
		}
	}
}
//和前面的validateCollHashedReadSet相响应，
func addEntriesToMetadataUpdates(metadataUpdates metadataUpdates, pvtRWSet *rwsetutil.TxPvtRwSet) {
	for _, ns := range pvtRWSet.NsPvtRwSet {
		for _, coll := range ns.CollPvtRwSets {
			for _, metadataWrite := range coll.KvRwSet.MetadataWrites {
				ns, coll, key := ns.NameSpace, coll.CollectionName, metadataWrite.Key
				metadataUpdates[collKey{ns, coll, key}] = true
			}
		}
	}
}

最后更新元数据(\core\ledger\kvledger\txmgmt\validator\valimpl\helper.go)：

//core\ledger\kvledger\txmgmt\validator\valimpl
func (impl *DefaultImpl) ValidateAndPrepareBatch{
	......
	logger.Debug("postprocessing ProtoBlock...")
	//通过验证对象更新区块无数据
	postprocessProtoBlock(block, internalBlock)
	logger.Debug("ValidateAndPrepareBatch() complete")
	......
}
// postprocessProtoBlock updates the proto block's validation flags (in metadata) by the results of validation process
func postprocessProtoBlock(block *common.Block, validatedBlock *internal.Block) {
	txsFilter := util.TxValidationFlags(block.Metadata.Metadata[common.BlockMetadataIndex_TRANSACTIONS_FILTER])
	for _, tx := range validatedBlock.Txs {
		txsFilter.SetFlag(tx.IndexInBlock, tx.ValidationCode)
	}
	block.Metadata.Metadata[common.BlockMetadataIndex_TRANSACTIONS_FILTER] = txsFilter
}

这样就可以正式提交了，回到kvLedger类中的CommitWithPvtData,它会调用下面的相同名的函数：

//core/ledger/ledgerstorage/stroe.go
// CommitWithPvtData commits the block and the corresponding pvt data in an atomic operation
func (s *Store) CommitWithPvtData(blockAndPvtdata *ledger.BlockAndPvtData) error {
	blockNum := blockAndPvtdata.Block.Header.Number
	s.rwlock.Lock()
	defer s.rwlock.Unlock()

	pvtBlkStoreHt, err := s.pvtdataStore.LastCommittedBlockHeight()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	writtenToPvtStore := false
	if pvtBlkStoreHt < blockNum+1 { // The pvt data store sanity check does not allow rewriting the pvt data.
		// when re-processing blocks (rejoin the channel or re-fetching last few block),
		// skip the pvt data commit to the pvtdata blockstore
		logger.Debugf("Writing block [%d] to pvt block store", blockNum)
		// If a state fork occurs during a regular block commit,
		// we have a mechanism to drop all blocks followed by refetching of blocks
		// and re-processing them. In the current way of doing this, we only drop
		// the block files (and related artifacts) but we do not drop/overwrite the
		// pvtdatastorage as it might leads to data loss.
		// During block reprocessing, as there is a possibility of an invalid pvtdata
		// transaction to become valid, we store the pvtdata of invalid transactions
		// too in the pvtdataStore as we do for the publicdata in the case of blockStore.
		//控制分叉
		pvtData, missingPvtData := constructPvtDataAndMissingData(blockAndPvtdata)
		//将隐私数据列表提交到帐本中
		if err := s.pvtdataStore.Prepare(blockAndPvtdata.Block.Header.Number, pvtData, missingPvtData); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		writtenToPvtStore = true
	} else {
		logger.Debugf("Skipping writing block [%d] to pvt block store as the store height is [%d]", blockNum, pvtBlkStoreHt)
	}

  //添加新块，如果有错误隐私数据库回滚
	if err := s.AddBlock(blockAndPvtdata.Block); err != nil {
		s.pvtdataStore.Rollback()
		return err
	}

	if pvtBlkStoreHt == blockNum+1 {
		// we reach here only when the pvtdataStore was ahead
		// of blockStore during the store opening time (would
		// occur after a peer rollback/reset).
		//重置或回滚的处理
		s.isPvtstoreAheadOfBlockstore.Store(false)
	}

	if writtenToPvtStore {
		//隐私数据库提交确认
		return s.pvtdataStore.Commit()
	}
	return nil
}
// Prepare implements the function in the interface `Store`
func (s *store) Prepare(blockNum uint64, pvtData []*ledger.TxPvtData, missingPvtData ledger.TxMissingPvtDataMap) error {
	if s.batchPending {
		return &ErrIllegalCall{`A pending batch exists as as result of last invoke to "Prepare" call.
			 Invoke "Commit" or "Rollback" on the pending batch before invoking "Prepare" function`}
	}
	//得到下一个区块号
	expectedBlockNum := s.nextBlockNum()
	//检查区块的合法性
	if expectedBlockNum != blockNum {
		return &ErrIllegalArgs{fmt.Sprintf("Expected block number=%d, received block number=%d", expectedBlockNum, blockNum)}
	}

  //创建更新数据集
	batch := leveldbhelper.NewUpdateBatch()
	var err error
	var keyBytes, valBytes []byte

  //准备存储数据接口
	storeEntries, err := prepareStoreEntries(blockNum, pvtData, s.btlPolicy, missingPvtData)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

  //编码保存
	for _, dataEntry := range storeEntries.dataEntries {
		keyBytes = encodeDataKey(dataEntry.key)
		if valBytes, err = encodeDataValue(dataEntry.value); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		batch.Put(keyBytes, valBytes)
	}

  //编码保存过期数据--主要用于后面的对数据的清理
	for _, expiryEntry := range storeEntries.expiryEntries {
		keyBytes = encodeExpiryKey(expiryEntry.key)
		if valBytes, err = encodeExpiryValue(expiryEntry.value); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		batch.Put(keyBytes, valBytes)
	}

	for missingDataKey, missingDataValue := range storeEntries.missingDataEntries {
		keyBytes = encodeMissingDataKey(&missingDataKey)
		if valBytes, err = encodeMissingDataValue(missingDataValue); err != nil {
			return err
		}
		batch.Put(keyBytes, valBytes)
	}

  //批量存入
	batch.Put(pendingCommitKey, emptyValue)
	if err := s.db.WriteBatch(batch, true); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	s.batchPending = true
	logger.Debugf("Saved %d private data write sets for block [%d]", len(pvtData), blockNum)
	return nil
}
// AddBlock adds a new block
//提交区块数据到区块数据文件，并保存检查点，然后更新索引数据库，然后广播唤醒所有等待同步条件变量。通知有新区块提交到帐本
//，调用mgr.updateBlockchainInfo，更新区块链信息，如高度和和头哈希等
func (store *fsBlockStore) AddBlock(block *common.Block) error {
	// track elapsed time to collect block commit time
	startBlockCommit := time.Now()
	result := store.fileMgr.addBlock(block)
	elapsedBlockCommit := time.Since(startBlockCommit)

	store.updateBlockStats(block.Header.Number, elapsedBlockCommit)

	return result
}
// Commit implements the function in the interface `Store`
func (s *store) Commit() error {
	if !s.batchPending {
		return &ErrIllegalCall{"No pending batch to commit"}
	}
	//得到提交块号和批量数据对象，进行删除和更新
	committingBlockNum := s.nextBlockNum()
	logger.Debugf("Committing private data for block [%d]", committingBlockNum)
	batch := leveldbhelper.NewUpdateBatch()
	batch.Delete(pendingCommitKey)
	batch.Put(lastCommittedBlkkey, encodeLastCommittedBlockVal(committingBlockNum))
	if err := s.db.WriteBatch(batch, true); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	s.batchPending = false
	s.isEmpty = false
	atomic.StoreUint64(&s.lastCommittedBlock, committingBlockNum)
	logger.Debugf("Committed private data for block [%d]", committingBlockNum)
	//处理隐私和过期记录
	s.performPurgeIfScheduled(committingBlockNum)
	return nil
}
//如果AddBlock错误就Rollback
func (s *store) Rollback() error {
	if !s.batchPending {
		return &ErrIllegalCall{"No pending batch to rollback"}
	}
	blkNum := s.nextBlockNum()
	batch := leveldbhelper.NewUpdateBatch()
	itr := s.db.GetIterator(datakeyRange(blkNum))
	for itr.Next() {
		batch.Delete(itr.Key())
	}
	itr.Release()
	itr = s.db.GetIterator(eligibleMissingdatakeyRange(blkNum))
	for itr.Next() {
		batch.Delete(itr.Key())
	}
	itr.Release()
	batch.Delete(pendingCommitKey)
	if err := s.db.WriteBatch(batch, true); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	s.batchPending = false
	return nil
}

最后的Commit：

//core\ledger\kvledger\txmgmt\txmgr\lockbasedtxmgr/lockbased_txmgr.go
// Commit implements method in interface `txmgmt.TxMgr`
func (txmgr *LockBasedTxMgr) Commit() error {
	// we need to acquire a lock on oldBlockCommit. The following are the two reasons:
	// (1) the DeleteExpiredAndUpdateBookkeeping() would perform incorrect operation if
	//        toPurgeList is updated by RemoveStaleAndCommitPvtDataOfOldBlocks().
	// (2) RemoveStaleAndCommitPvtDataOfOldBlocks computes the update
	//     batch based on the current state and if we allow regular block commits at the
	//     same time, the former may overwrite the newer versions of the data and we may
	//     end up with an incorrect update batch.
  	//处理旧版本和数据
	txmgr.oldBlockCommit.Lock()
	defer txmgr.oldBlockCommit.Unlock()
	logger.Debug("lock acquired on oldBlockCommit for committing regular updates to state database")

	// When using the purge manager for the first block commit after peer start, the asynchronous function
	// 'PrepareForExpiringKeys' is invoked in-line. However, for the subsequent blocks commits, this function is invoked
	// in advance for the next block
	if !txmgr.pvtdataPurgeMgr.usedOnce {
		txmgr.pvtdataPurgeMgr.PrepareForExpiringKeys(txmgr.current.blockNum())
		txmgr.pvtdataPurgeMgr.usedOnce = true
	}
	defer func() {
		txmgr.pvtdataPurgeMgr.PrepareForExpiringKeys(txmgr.current.blockNum() + 1)
		logger.Debugf("launched the background routine for preparing keys to purge with the next block")
		txmgr.reset()
	}()

	logger.Debugf("Committing updates to state database")
	if txmgr.current == nil {
		panic("validateAndPrepare() method should have been called before calling commit()")
	}

	if err := txmgr.pvtdataPurgeMgr.DeleteExpiredAndUpdateBookkeeping(
		txmgr.current.batch.PvtUpdates, txmgr.current.batch.HashUpdates); err != nil {
		return err
	}

  //处理新版本
	commitHeight := version.NewHeight(txmgr.current.blockNum(), txmgr.current.maxTxNumber())
	txmgr.commitRWLock.Lock()
	logger.Debugf("Write lock acquired for committing updates to state database")

	//开始更新批量操作
	if err := txmgr.db.ApplyPrivacyAwareUpdates(txmgr.current.batch, commitHeight); err != nil {
		txmgr.commitRWLock.Unlock()
		return err
	}
	txmgr.commitRWLock.Unlock()
	// only while holding a lock on oldBlockCommit, we should clear the cache as the
	// cache is being used by the old pvtData committer to load the version of
	// hashedKeys. Also, note that the PrepareForExpiringKeys uses the cache.
	txmgr.clearCache()
	logger.Debugf("Updates committed to state database and the write lock is released")

	// purge manager should be called (in this call the purge mgr removes the expiry entries from schedules) after committing to statedb
	//删除相关过期数据
	if err := txmgr.pvtdataPurgeMgr.BlockCommitDone(); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	// In the case of error state listeners will not recieve this call - instead a peer panic is caused by the ledger upon receiveing
	// an error from this function
	//更新状态监听器
	txmgr.updateStateListeners()
	return nil
}

// ApplyPrivacyAwareUpdates implements corresponding function in interface DB
//实现数据库接口功能的调用
func (s *CommonStorageDB) ApplyPrivacyAwareUpdates(updates *UpdateBatch, height *version.Height) error {
	// combinedUpdates includes both updates to public db and private db, which are partitioned by a separate namespace
	combinedUpdates := updates.PubUpdates
	addPvtUpdates(combinedUpdates, updates.PvtUpdates)
	addHashedUpdates(combinedUpdates, updates.HashUpdates, !s.BytesKeySupported())
	s.metadataHint.setMetadataUsedFlag(updates)
	return s.VersionedDB.ApplyUpdates(combinedUpdates.UpdateBatch, height)
}
//同步更新状态数据库
func addPvtUpdates(pubUpdateBatch *PubUpdateBatch, pvtUpdateBatch *PvtUpdateBatch) {
	for ns, nsBatch := range pvtUpdateBatch.UpdateMap {
		for _, coll := range nsBatch.GetCollectionNames() {
			for key, vv := range nsBatch.GetUpdates(coll) {
				pubUpdateBatch.Update(derivePvtDataNs(ns, coll), key, vv)
			}
		}
	}
}
func addHashedUpdates(pubUpdateBatch *PubUpdateBatch, hashedUpdateBatch *HashedUpdateBatch, base64Key bool) {
	for ns, nsBatch := range hashedUpdateBatch.UpdateMap {
		for _, coll := range nsBatch.GetCollectionNames() {
			for key, vv := range nsBatch.GetUpdates(coll) {
				if base64Key {
					key = base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(key))
				}
				pubUpdateBatch.Update(deriveHashedDataNs(ns, coll), key, vv)
			}
		}
	}
}

//下面是LEVELDB实现
// ApplyUpdates implements method in VersionedDB interface
func (vdb *versionedDB) ApplyUpdates(batch *statedb.UpdateBatch, height *version.Height) error {
	dbBatch := leveldbhelper.NewUpdateBatch()
	namespaces := batch.GetUpdatedNamespaces()
	for _, ns := range namespaces {
		updates := batch.GetUpdates(ns)
		for k, vv := range updates {
			compositeKey := constructCompositeKey(ns, k)
			logger.Debugf("Channel [%s]: Applying key(string)=[%s] key(bytes)=[%#v]", vdb.dbName, string(compositeKey), compositeKey)

			if vv.Value == nil {
				dbBatch.Delete(compositeKey)
			} else {
				encodedVal, err := encodeValue(vv)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
				dbBatch.Put(compositeKey, encodedVal)
			}
		}
	}
	// Record a savepoint at a given height
	// If a given height is nil, it denotes that we are committing pvt data of old blocks.
	// In this case, we should not store a savepoint for recovery. The lastUpdatedOldBlockList
	// in the pvtstore acts as a savepoint for pvt data.
	if height != nil {
		dbBatch.Put(savePointKey, height.ToBytes())
	}
	// Setting snyc to true as a precaution, false may be an ok optimization after further testing.
	if err := vdb.db.WriteBatch(dbBatch, true); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return nil
}

最后是新历史数据库(同样只是LevelDB，CouchDB看源码)：

func (l *kvLedger) CommitWithPvtData(pvtdataAndBlock *ledger.BlockAndPvtData, commitOpts *ledger.CommitOptions) error {
	......
	if err := l.historyDB.Commit(block);
	......
}
//core\ledger\kvledger\history\historydb\historyleveldb/historyleveldb.go
// Commit implements method in HistoryDB interface
func (historyDB *historyDB) Commit(block *common.Block) error {

  //得到区块号
	blockNo := block.Header.Number
	//Set the starting tranNo to 0
	var tranNo uint64

  //创建更新集体合
	dbBatch := leveldbhelper.NewUpdateBatch()

	logger.Debugf("Channel [%s]: Updating history database for blockNo [%v] with [%d] transactions",
		historyDB.dbName, blockNo, len(block.Data.Data))

	// Get the invalidation byte array for the block
	//获取交易验证码列表
	txsFilter := util.TxValidationFlags(block.Metadata.Metadata[common.BlockMetadataIndex_TRANSACTIONS_FILTER])

	// write each tran's write set to history db
	//遍历区块交易数据，过滤无效交易
	for _, envBytes := range block.Data.Data {

		// If the tran is marked as invalid, skip it
		if txsFilter.IsInvalid(int(tranNo)) {
			logger.Debugf("Channel [%s]: Skipping history write for invalid transaction number %d",
				historyDB.dbName, tranNo)
			tranNo++
			continue
		}
    //解析获取交易消息Envelope对象
		env, err := putils.GetEnvelopeFromBlock(envBytes)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

    //得到消息载荷
		payload, err := putils.GetPayload(env)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

    //解析得到通道头数据
		chdr, err := putils.UnmarshalChannelHeader(payload.Header.ChannelHeader)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		if common.HeaderType(chdr.Type) == common.HeaderType_ENDORSER_TRANSACTION {

			// extract actions from the envelope message
			respPayload, err := putils.GetActionFromEnvelope(envBytes)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}

			//preparation for extracting RWSet from transaction
			txRWSet := &rwsetutil.TxRwSet{}

			// Get the Result from the Action and then Unmarshal
			// it into a TxReadWriteSet using custom unmarshalling
			//解析流数据生成读写集
			if err = txRWSet.FromProtoBytes(respPayload.Results); err != nil {
				return err
			}
			// for each transaction, loop through the namespaces and writesets
			// and add a history record for each write
			//遍历读写集
			for _, nsRWSet := range txRWSet.NsRwSets {
				ns := nsRWSet.NameSpace

				for _, kvWrite := range nsRWSet.KvRwSet.Writes {
					writeKey := kvWrite.Key

					//composite key for history records is in the form ns~key~blockNo~tranNo
					//创建历史记录，组合方式为ns~key~blockNo~tranNo
					compositeHistoryKey := historydb.ConstructCompositeHistoryKey(ns, writeKey, blockNo, tranNo)

					// No value is required, write an empty byte array (emptyValue) since Put() of nil is not allowed
					//写入空的数据
					dbBatch.Put(compositeHistoryKey, emptyValue)
				}
			}

		} else {
			logger.Debugf("Skipping transaction [%d] since it is not an endorsement transaction\n", tranNo)
		}
		tranNo++
	}

	// add savepoint for recovery purpose
	//创建新的版本对象并增加保存点用于恢复
	height := version.NewHeight(blockNo, tranNo)
	dbBatch.Put(savePointKey, height.ToBytes())

	// write the block's history records and savepoint to LevelDB
	// Setting sync to true as a precaution, false may be an ok optimization after further testing.
	//更新到历史数据库
	if err := historyDB.db.WriteBatch(dbBatch, true); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	logger.Debugf("Channel [%s]: Updates committed to history database for blockNo [%v]", historyDB.dbName, blockNo)
	return nil
}

终于写入数据库成功了。

五、验证

在上面的交易的提交部分中可以看到其实在提交的过程中调用了验证的部分，但是没有展开来解析，现在在这里展开分析一下，看一下第一步的代码：
Validate()方法（core/committer/txvalidator/validaotr.go）：

func (v *TxValidator) Validate(block *common.Block) error {
	var err error
	var errPos int

	startValidation := time.Now() // timer to log Validate block duration
	logger.Debugf("[%s] START Block Validation for block [%d]", v.ChainID, block.Header.Number)

	// Initialize trans as valid here, then set invalidation reason code upon invalidation below
  //初始化有效标志，并在以后可以设置无效
	txsfltr := ledgerUtil.NewTxValidationFlags(len(block.Data.Data))
	// txsChaincodeNames records all the invoked chaincodes by tx in a block
	txsChaincodeNames := make(map[int]*sysccprovider.ChaincodeInstance)
	// upgradedChaincodes records all the chaincodes that are upgraded in a block
	txsUpgradedChaincodes := make(map[int]*sysccprovider.ChaincodeInstance)
	// array of txids
	txidArray := make([]string, len(block.Data.Data))

  //开启新协程,针对区块内的交易进行验证
	results := make(chan *blockValidationResult)
	go func() {
		for tIdx, d := range block.Data.Data {
			// ensure that we don't have too many concurrent validation workers
      //保持验证过程的安全性--设置并发的数量
			v.Support.Acquire(context.Background(), 1)

			go func(index int, data []byte) {
				defer v.Support.Release(1)
        //验证交易
				v.validateTx(&blockValidationRequest{
					d:     data,
					block: block,
					tIdx:  index,
				}, results)
			}(tIdx, d)
		}
	}()

	logger.Debugf("expecting %d block validation responses", len(block.Data.Data))

	// now we read responses in the order in which they come back
	for i := 0; i < len(block.Data.Data); i++ {
		res := <-results

		if res.err != nil {
			// if there is an error, we buffer its value, wait for
			// all workers to complete validation and then return
			// the error from the first tx in this block that returned an error
			logger.Debugf("got terminal error %s for idx %d", res.err, res.tIdx)

			if err == nil || res.tIdx < errPos {
				err = res.err
				errPos = res.tIdx
			}
		} else {
			// if there was no error, we set the txsfltr and we set the
			// txsChaincodeNames and txsUpgradedChaincodes maps
			logger.Debugf("got result for idx %d, code %d", res.tIdx, res.validationCode)

			txsfltr.SetFlag(res.tIdx, res.validationCode)

      //交易有效
			if res.validationCode == peer.TxValidationCode_VALID {
				if res.txsChaincodeName != nil {
          //设置链码名称
          txsChaincodeNames[res.tIdx] = res.txsChaincodeName
				}
        //升级链码的设置
				if res.txsUpgradedChaincode != nil {
					txsUpgradedChaincodes[res.tIdx] = res.txsUpgradedChaincode
				}
				txidArray[res.tIdx] = res.txid
			}
		}
	}

	// if we're here, all workers have completed the validation.
	// If there was an error we return the error from the first
	// tx in this block that returned an error
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// if we operate with this capability, we mark invalid any transaction that has a txid
	// which is equal to that of a previous tx in this block
  //判断双花
	if v.Support.Capabilities().ForbidDuplicateTXIdInBlock() {
		markTXIdDuplicates(txidArray, txsfltr)
	}

	// if we're here, all workers have completed validation and
	// no error was reported; we set the tx filter and return
	// success
  //处理升级链码导致的标记为非法的交易
	v.invalidTXsForUpgradeCC(txsChaincodeNames, txsUpgradedChaincodes, txsfltr)

	// make sure no transaction has skipped validation
  //验证没有漏掉交易
	err = v.allValidated(txsfltr, block)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// Initialize metadata structure
	utils.InitBlockMetadata(block)

  //设置交易过滤索引
	block.Metadata.Metadata[common.BlockMetadataIndex_TRANSACTIONS_FILTER] = txsfltr

	elapsedValidation := time.Since(startValidation) / time.Millisecond // duration in ms
	logger.Infof("[%s] Validated block [%d] in %dms", v.ChainID, block.Header.Number, elapsedValidation)

	return nil
}

这个有必要说明一下，这个函数的功能是执行块的验证。验证块的过程的事务是并行的（这意味着交易的并行）。过程是：提交并启动goroutine协程中的tx验证函数（使用信号量对并发验证goroutine的数目）。提交器从协程读取验证结果（按照完成顺序从结果频道）。协程执行块中txs的验证并将结果通道中的验证结果。
需要注意的是：
1、为了方便操作，提交器启动的协程排除相关事务，然后操作执行结果。
2、要使并行验证生效并且不改变系统状态，否则，就必须保证运行的顺序。因此，必须保证事务的独占性。

接着看交易的验证，交易的验证函数对区块结构、交易序号、交易数据、验证器等进行了处理，针对指定的交易进行验证并将结果放入Results通道中返回，代码如下：

//core/committer/validator/validator.go
func (v *TxValidator) validateTx(req *blockValidationRequest, results chan<- *blockValidationResult) {
  //区块
	block := req.block
  //交易数据
  d := req.d
  //交易序号
	tIdx := req.tIdx
  //交易ID
	txID := ""

	if d == nil {
		results <- &blockValidationResult{
			tIdx: tIdx,
		}
		return
	}

  //解析交易灵气的Envelope结构的对象
	if env, err := utils.GetEnvelopeFromBlock(d); err != nil {
		logger.Warningf("Error getting tx from block: %+v", err)
		results <- &blockValidationResult{
			tIdx:           tIdx,
			validationCode: peer.TxValidationCode_INVALID_OTHER_REASON,
		}
		return
	} else if env != nil {
		// validate the transaction: here we check that the transaction
		// is properly formed, properly signed and that the security
		// chain binding proposal to endorsements to tx holds. We do
		// NOT check the validity of endorsements, though. That's a
		// job for VSCC below
		logger.Debugf("[%s] validateTx starts for block %p env %p txn %d", v.ChainID, block, env, tIdx)
		defer logger.Debugf("[%s] validateTx completes for block %p env %p txn %d", v.ChainID, block, env, tIdx)
    //数据
		var payload *common.Payload
		var err error
    //结果
    var txResult peer.TxValidationCode
    //交易链码实例
		var txsChaincodeName *sysccprovider.ChaincodeInstance
    //升级链码实例
		var txsUpgradedChaincode *sysccprovider.ChaincodeInstance

    //验证交易的格式、签名以及数据的一致性（保证未篡改）
		if payload, txResult = validation.ValidateTransaction(env, v.Support.Capabilities()); txResult != peer.TxValidationCode_VALID {
			logger.Errorf("Invalid transaction with index %d", tIdx)
			results <- &blockValidationResult{
				tIdx:           tIdx,
				validationCode: txResult,
			}
			return
		}

    //解析头获得通道ID
		chdr, err := utils.UnmarshalChannelHeader(payload.Header.ChannelHeader)
		if err != nil {
			logger.Warningf("Could not unmarshal channel header, err %s, skipping", err)
			results <- &blockValidationResult{
				tIdx:           tIdx,
				validationCode: peer.TxValidationCode_INVALID_OTHER_REASON,
			}
			return
		}

		channel := chdr.ChannelId
		logger.Debugf("Transaction is for channel %s", channel)

		if !v.chainExists(channel) {
			logger.Errorf("Dropping transaction for non-existent channel %s", channel)
			results <- &blockValidationResult{
				tIdx:           tIdx,
				validationCode: peer.TxValidationCode_TARGET_CHAIN_NOT_FOUND,
			}
			return
		}

    //经过背书的普通交易
		if common.HeaderType(chdr.Type) == common.HeaderType_ENDORSER_TRANSACTION {

			txID = chdr.TxId

			// Check duplicate transactions判断双重交易--防止重放攻击
			erroneousResultEntry := v.checkTxIdDupsLedger(tIdx, chdr, v.Support.Ledger())
			if erroneousResultEntry != nil {
				results <- erroneousResultEntry
				return
			}

			// Validate tx with vscc and policy、
      //VSCC验证交易--背书策略的验证
			logger.Debug("Validating transaction vscc tx validate")
			err, cde := v.Vscc.VSCCValidateTx(tIdx, payload, d, block)
			if err != nil {
				logger.Errorf("VSCCValidateTx for transaction txId = %s returned error: %s", txID, err)
				switch err.(type) {
				case *commonerrors.VSCCExecutionFailureError:
					results <- &blockValidationResult{
						tIdx: tIdx,
						err:  err,
					}
					return
				case *commonerrors.VSCCInfoLookupFailureError:
					results <- &blockValidationResult{
						tIdx: tIdx,
						err:  err,
					}
					return
				default:
					results <- &blockValidationResult{
						tIdx:           tIdx,
						validationCode: cde,
					}
					return
				}
			}

      //获得交易指定的链码实例对象
			invokeCC, upgradeCC, err := v.getTxCCInstance(payload)
			if err != nil {
				logger.Errorf("Get chaincode instance from transaction txId = %s returned error: %+v", txID, err)
				results <- &blockValidationResult{
					tIdx:           tIdx,
					validationCode: peer.TxValidationCode_INVALID_OTHER_REASON,
				}
				return
			}
			txsChaincodeName = invokeCC
			if upgradeCC != nil {
				logger.Infof("Find chaincode upgrade transaction for chaincode %s on channel %s with new version %s", upgradeCC.ChaincodeName, upgradeCC.ChainID, upgradeCC.ChaincodeVersion)
				txsUpgradedChaincode = upgradeCC
			}
			// FAB-12971 comment out below block before v1.4 cut. Will uncomment after v1.4.
			/*
				} else if common.HeaderType(chdr.Type) == common.HeaderType_TOKEN_TRANSACTION {

					txID = chdr.TxId
					if !v.Support.Capabilities().FabToken() {
						logger.Errorf("FabToken capability is not enabled. Unsupported transaction type [%s] in block [%d] transaction [%d]",
							common.HeaderType(chdr.Type), block.Header.Number, tIdx)
						results <- &blockValidationResult{
							tIdx:           tIdx,
							validationCode: peer.TxValidationCode_UNSUPPORTED_TX_PAYLOAD,
						}
						return
					}

					// Check if there is a duplicate of such transaction in the ledger and
					// obtain the corresponding result that acknowledges the error type
					erroneousResultEntry := v.checkTxIdDupsLedger(tIdx, chdr, v.Support.Ledger())
					if erroneousResultEntry != nil {
						results <- erroneousResultEntry
						return
					}

					// Set the namespace of the invocation field
					txsChaincodeName = &sysccprovider.ChaincodeInstance{
						ChainID:          channel,
						ChaincodeName:    "Token",
						ChaincodeVersion: ""}
			*/
      //通道配置交易
		} else if common.HeaderType(chdr.Type) == common.HeaderType_CONFIG {
      //配置配置交易相关的数据对象
			configEnvelope, err := configtx.UnmarshalConfigEnvelope(payload.Data)
			if err != nil {
				err = errors.WithMessage(err, "error unmarshalling config which passed initial validity checks")
				logger.Criticalf("%+v", err)
				results <- &blockValidationResult{
					tIdx: tIdx,
					err:  err,
				}
				return
			}

      //更新配置
			if err := v.Support.Apply(configEnvelope); err != nil {
				err = errors.WithMessage(err, "error validating config which passed initial validity checks")
				logger.Criticalf("%+v", err)
				results <- &blockValidationResult{
					tIdx: tIdx,
					err:  err,
				}
				return
			}
			logger.Debugf("config transaction received for chain %s", channel)
		} else {
			logger.Warningf("Unknown transaction type [%s] in block number [%d] transaction index [%d]",
				common.HeaderType(chdr.Type), block.Header.Number, tIdx)
			results <- &blockValidationResult{
				tIdx:           tIdx,
				validationCode: peer.TxValidationCode_UNKNOWN_TX_TYPE,
			}
			return
		}

		if _, err := proto.Marshal(env); err != nil {
			logger.Warningf("Cannot marshal transaction: %s", err)
			results <- &blockValidationResult{
				tIdx:           tIdx,
				validationCode: peer.TxValidationCode_MARSHAL_TX_ERROR,
			}
			return
		}
		// Succeeded to pass down here, transaction is valid
    //交易写入通道并返回结果
		results <- &blockValidationResult{
			tIdx:                 tIdx,
			txsChaincodeName:     txsChaincodeName,
			txsUpgradedChaincode: txsUpgradedChaincode,
			validationCode:       peer.TxValidationCode_VALID,
			txid:                 txID,
		}
		return
	} else {
		logger.Warning("Nil tx from block")
		results <- &blockValidationResult{
			tIdx:           tIdx,
			validationCode: peer.TxValidationCode_NIL_ENVELOPE,
		}
		return
	}
}

GetEnvelopeFromBlock这个函数涉及到一个Envelope的结构体数据：

// Envelope wraps a Payload with a signature so that the message may be authenticated
type Envelope struct {
	// A marshaled Payload
	Payload []byte `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=payload,proto3" json:"payload,omitempty"`
	// A signature by the creator specified in the Payload header
	Signature            []byte   `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=signature,proto3" json:"signature,omitempty"`
	XXX_NoUnkeyedLiteral struct{} `json:"-"`
	XXX_unrecognized     []byte   `json:"-"`
	XXX_sizecache        int32    `json:"-"`
}

它是区块中数据中交易的有效载荷，包括签名数据等。
继续看内部函数的实现ValidateTransaction，这个函数是进一步针对交易的格式、起初性和完整性的验证，包括签名等。

//core/committer/validator/msgvalidation.go
// ValidateTransaction checks that the transaction envelope is properly formed
func ValidateTransaction(e *common.Envelope, c channelconfig.ApplicationCapabilities) (*common.Payload, pb.TxValidationCode) {
	putilsLogger.Debugf("ValidateTransactionEnvelope starts for envelope %p", e)

	// check for nil argument--检查参数的合法性
	if e == nil {
		putilsLogger.Errorf("Error: nil envelope")
		return nil, pb.TxValidationCode_NIL_ENVELOPE
	}

	// get the payload from the envelop--解析交易的有效载荷
	payload, err := utils.GetPayload(e)
	if err != nil {
		putilsLogger.Errorf("GetPayload returns err %s", err)
		return nil, pb.TxValidationCode_BAD_PAYLOAD
	}

	putilsLogger.Debugf("Header is %s", payload.Header)

	// validate the header 验证头部信息的正确性
	chdr, shdr, err := validateCommonHeader(payload.Header)
	if err != nil {
		putilsLogger.Errorf("validateCommonHeader returns err %s", err)
		return nil, pb.TxValidationCode_BAD_COMMON_HEADER
	}

	// validate the signature in the envelope
	//验证签名
	err = checkSignatureFromCreator(shdr.Creator, e.Signature, e.Payload, chdr.ChannelId)
	if err != nil {
		putilsLogger.Errorf("checkSignatureFromCreator returns err %s", err)
		return nil, pb.TxValidationCode_BAD_CREATOR_SIGNATURE
	}

	// TODO: ensure that creator can transact with us (some ACLs?) which set of APIs is supposed to give us this info?

	// continue the validation in a way that depends on the type specified in the header
	//分析消息通道的类型 ，头部数据可获取
	switch common.HeaderType(chdr.Type) {
		//普通交易类型
	case common.HeaderType_ENDORSER_TRANSACTION:
		// Verify that the transaction ID has been computed properly.
		// This check is needed to ensure that the lookup into the ledger
		// for the same TxID catches duplicates.
		//交易ID查重
		err = utils.CheckTxID(
			chdr.TxId,
			shdr.Nonce,
			shdr.Creator)

		if err != nil {
			putilsLogger.Errorf("CheckTxID returns err %s", err)
			return nil, pb.TxValidationCode_BAD_PROPOSAL_TXID
		}

    //验证背书交易的数据合法性
		err = validateEndorserTransaction(payload.Data, payload.Header)
		putilsLogger.Debugf("ValidateTransactionEnvelope returns err %s", err)

		if err != nil {
			putilsLogger.Errorf("validateEndorserTransaction returns err %s", err)
			return payload, pb.TxValidationCode_INVALID_ENDORSER_TRANSACTION
		} else {
			return payload, pb.TxValidationCode_VALID
		}
		//配置消息
	case common.HeaderType_CONFIG:
		// Config transactions have signatures inside which will be validated, especially at genesis there may be no creator or
		// signature on the outermost envelope
    //验证配置消息的数据有效笥
		err = validateConfigTransaction(payload.Data, payload.Header)

		if err != nil {
			putilsLogger.Errorf("validateConfigTransaction returns err %s", err)
			return payload, pb.TxValidationCode_INVALID_CONFIG_TRANSACTION
		} else {
			return payload, pb.TxValidationCode_VALID
		}
		//TOKEN交易类--有点类似于普通交易
	case common.HeaderType_TOKEN_TRANSACTION:
		// Verify that the transaction ID has been computed properly.
		// This check is needed to ensure that the lookup into the ledger
		// for the same TxID catches duplicates.
		err = utils.CheckTxID(
			chdr.TxId,
			shdr.Nonce,
			shdr.Creator)

		if err != nil {
			putilsLogger.Errorf("CheckTxID returns err %s", err)
			return nil, pb.TxValidationCode_BAD_PROPOSAL_TXID
		}

		return payload, pb.TxValidationCode_VALID
	default:
		return nil, pb.TxValidationCode_UNSUPPORTED_TX_PAYLOAD
	}
}

普通交易的验证过后，就是根据系统链码来调用检验背书策略等，即v.Vscc.VSCCValidateTx，看一下代码：

// VSCCValidateTx executes vscc validation for transaction
func (v *VsccValidatorImpl) VSCCValidateTx(seq int, payload *common.Payload, envBytes []byte, block *common.Block) (error, peer.TxValidationCode) {
	chainID := v.chainID
	logger.Debugf("[%s] VSCCValidateTx starts for bytes %p", chainID, envBytes)

	// get header extensions so we have the chaincode ID
	//多拿数据，为了方便获得链码ID等
	hdrExt, err := utils.GetChaincodeHeaderExtension(payload.Header)
	if err != nil {
		return err, peer.TxValidationCode_BAD_HEADER_EXTENSION
	}

	// get channel header解析通道头
	chdr, err := utils.UnmarshalChannelHeader(payload.Header.ChannelHeader)
	if err != nil {
		return err, peer.TxValidationCode_BAD_CHANNEL_HEADER
	}

	/* obtain the list of namespaces we're writing stuff to;
	   at first, we establish a few facts about this invocation:
	   1) which namespaces does it write to?
	   2) does it write to LSCC's namespace?
	   3) does it write to any cc that cannot be invoked? */
	//系统链码写数据标志位
	writesToLSCC := false
	//系统链码不可调用写数据标志位
	writesToNonInvokableSCC := false
	//获取链码的Action
	respPayload, err := utils.GetActionFromEnvelope(envBytes)
	if err != nil {
		return errors.WithMessage(err, "GetActionFromEnvelope failed"), peer.TxValidationCode_BAD_RESPONSE_PAYLOAD
	}
	//交易读写集列表的生成,并从协议中将此读写集列表填充
	txRWSet := &rwsetutil.TxRwSet{}
	if err = txRWSet.FromProtoBytes(respPayload.Results); err != nil {
		return errors.WithMessage(err, "txRWSet.FromProtoBytes failed"), peer.TxValidationCode_BAD_RWSET
	}

	// Verify the header extension and response payload contain the ChaincodeId
	//验证扩展头和载荷中的ID
	if hdrExt.ChaincodeId == nil {
		return errors.New("nil ChaincodeId in header extension"), peer.TxValidationCode_INVALID_OTHER_REASON
	}

	if respPayload.ChaincodeId == nil {
		return errors.New("nil ChaincodeId in ChaincodeAction"), peer.TxValidationCode_INVALID_OTHER_REASON
	}

	// get name and version of the cc we invoked
	//获取调用链码的名称和版本
	ccID := hdrExt.ChaincodeId.Name
	ccVer := respPayload.ChaincodeId.Version

	// sanity check on ccID
	if ccID == "" {
		err = errors.New("invalid chaincode ID")
		logger.Errorf("%+v", err)
		return err, peer.TxValidationCode_INVALID_OTHER_REASON
	}
	if ccID != respPayload.ChaincodeId.Name {
		err = errors.Errorf("inconsistent ccid info (%s/%s)", ccID, respPayload.ChaincodeId.Name)
		logger.Errorf("%+v", err)
		return err, peer.TxValidationCode_INVALID_OTHER_REASON
	}
	// sanity check on ccver
	if ccVer == "" {
		err = errors.New("invalid chaincode version")
		logger.Errorf("%+v", err)
		return err, peer.TxValidationCode_INVALID_OTHER_REASON
	}

	var wrNamespace []string
	alwaysEnforceOriginalNamespace := v.support.Capabilities().V1_2Validation()
	if alwaysEnforceOriginalNamespace {
		wrNamespace = append(wrNamespace, ccID)
		if respPayload.Events != nil {
			ccEvent := &peer.ChaincodeEvent{}
			if err = proto.Unmarshal(respPayload.Events, ccEvent); err != nil {
				return errors.Wrapf(err, "invalid chaincode event"), peer.TxValidationCode_INVALID_OTHER_REASON
			}
			if ccEvent.ChaincodeId != ccID {
				return errors.Errorf("chaincode event chaincode id does not match chaincode action chaincode id"), peer.TxValidationCode_INVALID_OTHER_REASON
			}
		}
	}

	namespaces := make(map[string]struct{})
	//遍历读写集列表
	for _, ns := range txRWSet.NsRwSets {
		// check to make sure there is no duplicate namespace in txRWSet
		//读写集名空间的判定，防止相同名空间的重复
		if _, ok := namespaces[ns.NameSpace]; ok {
			return errors.Errorf("duplicate namespace '%s' in txRWSet", ns.NameSpace),
				peer.TxValidationCode_ILLEGAL_WRITESET
		}
		namespaces[ns.NameSpace] = struct{}{}

		if !v.txWritesToNamespace(ns) {
			continue
		}

		// Check to make sure we did not already populate this chaincode
		// name to avoid checking the same namespace twice
		if ns.NameSpace != ccID || !alwaysEnforceOriginalNamespace {
			//增加名空间
			wrNamespace = append(wrNamespace, ns.NameSpace)
		}

    //判定lscc的名空间是否存在
		if !writesToLSCC && ns.NameSpace == "lscc" {
			//设置LSCC读写标志位
			writesToLSCC = true
		}

    //检查是否存在不能被链码调用的系统链码并设置相关写标志位
		if !writesToNonInvokableSCC && v.sccprovider.IsSysCCAndNotInvokableCC2CC(ns.NameSpace) {
			writesToNonInvokableSCC = true
		}
    //不能被外部调用的系统链码，并设置写标志位
		if !writesToNonInvokableSCC && v.sccprovider.IsSysCCAndNotInvokableExternal(ns.NameSpace) {
			writesToNonInvokableSCC = true
		}
	}

	// we've gathered all the info required to proceed to validation;
	// validation will behave differently depending on the type of
	// chaincode (system vs. application)
  //用户链码
	if !v.sccprovider.IsSysCC(ccID) {
		// if we're here, we know this is an invocation of an application chaincode;
		// first of all, we make sure that:
		// 1) we don't write to LSCC - an application chaincode is free to invoke LSCC
		//    for instance to get information about itself or another chaincode; however
		//    these legitimate invocations only ready from LSCC's namespace; currently
		//    only two functions of LSCC write to its namespace: deploy and upgrade and
		//    neither should be used by an application chaincode
		//用户链码是否更新LSCC名字空间
		if writesToLSCC {
			return errors.Errorf("chaincode %s attempted to write to the namespace of LSCC", ccID),
				peer.TxValidationCode_ILLEGAL_WRITESET
		}
		// 2) we don't write to the namespace of a chaincode that we cannot invoke - if
		//    the chaincode cannot be invoked in the first place, there's no legitimate
		//    way in which a transaction has a write set that writes to it; additionally
		//    we don't have any means of verifying whether the transaction had the rights
		//    to perform that write operation because in v1, system chaincodes do not have
		//    any endorsement policies to speak of. So if the chaincode can't be invoked
		//    it can't be written to by an invocation of an application chaincode
    //是否调用了不可调用的链码数据
		if writesToNonInvokableSCC {
			return errors.Errorf("chaincode %s attempted to write to the namespace of a system chaincode that cannot be invoked", ccID),
				peer.TxValidationCode_ILLEGAL_WRITESET
		}

		// validate *EACH* read write set according to its chaincode's endorsement policy
		//根据链码背书策略验证读写集
		for _, ns := range wrNamespace {
			// Get latest chaincode version, vscc and validate policy
			//获取最近的验证链码与VSCC名称和背书策略
			txcc, vscc, policy, err := v.GetInfoForValidate(chdr, ns)
			if err != nil {
				logger.Errorf("GetInfoForValidate for txId = %s returned error: %+v", chdr.TxId, err)
				return err, peer.TxValidationCode_INVALID_OTHER_REASON
			}

			// if the namespace corresponds to the cc that was originally
			// invoked, we check that the version of the cc that was
			// invoked corresponds to the version that lscc has returned
			if ns == ccID && txcc.ChaincodeVersion != ccVer {
				err = errors.Errorf("chaincode %s:%s/%s didn't match %s:%s/%s in lscc", ccID, ccVer, chdr.ChannelId, txcc.ChaincodeName, txcc.ChaincodeVersion, chdr.ChannelId)
				logger.Errorf("%+v", err)
				return err, peer.TxValidationCode_EXPIRED_CHAINCODE
			}

			// do VSCC validation--开始验证
			ctx := &Context{
				Seq:       seq,//序号
				Envelope:  envBytes,//交易数据
				Block:     block,//区块
				TxID:      chdr.TxId,//交易ID
				Channel:   chdr.ChannelId,
				Namespace: ns,//名空间
				Policy:    policy,//背书策略
				VSCCName:  vscc.ChaincodeName,//VSCC链码名称
			}

			//看一下验证的正主
			if err = v.VSCCValidateTxForCC(ctx); err != nil {
				switch err.(type) {
				case *commonerrors.VSCCEndorsementPolicyError:
					return err, peer.TxValidationCode_ENDORSEMENT_POLICY_FAILURE
				default:
					return err, peer.TxValidationCode_INVALID_OTHER_REASON
				}
			}
		}
	} else {
		// make sure that we can invoke this system chaincode - if the chaincode
		// cannot be invoked through a proposal to this peer, we have to drop the
		// transaction; if we didn't, we wouldn't know how to decide whether it's
		// valid or not because in v1, system chaincodes have no endorsement policy
		//是否调用外部不可调用的系统链码
		if v.sccprovider.IsSysCCAndNotInvokableExternal(ccID) {
			return errors.Errorf("committing an invocation of cc %s is illegal", ccID),
				peer.TxValidationCode_ILLEGAL_WRITESET
		}

		// Get latest chaincode version, vscc and validate policy
		//获取最新版本的背书策略
		_, vscc, policy, err := v.GetInfoForValidate(chdr, ccID)
		if err != nil {
			logger.Errorf("GetInfoForValidate for txId = %s returned error: %+v", chdr.TxId, err)
			return err, peer.TxValidationCode_INVALID_OTHER_REASON
		}

		// validate the transaction as an invocation of this system chaincode;
		// vscc will have to do custom validation for this system chaincode
		// currently, VSCC does custom validation for LSCC only; if an hlf
		// user creates a new system chaincode which is invokable from the outside
		// they have to modify VSCC to provide appropriate validation
		ctx := &Context{
			Seq:       seq,
			Envelope:  envBytes,
			Block:     block,
			TxID:      chdr.TxId,
			Channel:   chdr.ChannelId,
			Namespace: ccID,
			Policy:    policy,
			VSCCName:  vscc.ChaincodeName,
		}
		if err = v.VSCCValidateTxForCC(ctx); err != nil {
			switch err.(type) {
			case *commonerrors.VSCCEndorsementPolicyError:
				return err, peer.TxValidationCode_ENDORSEMENT_POLICY_FAILURE
			default:
				return err, peer.TxValidationCode_INVALID_OTHER_REASON
			}
		}
	}
	logger.Debugf("[%s] VSCCValidateTx completes env bytes %p", chainID, envBytes)
	return nil, peer.TxValidationCode_VALID
}

大段的代码让人感觉很郁闷，不过只要一行行的看下来，其实也没啥。具体的说明在代码中进行了注释，这里说明一点，抓住重点VSCCValidateTxForCC函数，下面就分析一下这个函数：

func (v *VsccValidatorImpl) VSCCValidateTxForCC(ctx *Context) error {
	logger.Debug("Validating", ctx, "with plugin")
	//获得验证插件，并传入上下文进行验证
	err := v.pluginValidator.ValidateWithPlugin(ctx)
	if err == nil {
		return nil
	}
	// If the error is a pluggable validation execution error, cast it to the common errors ExecutionFailureError.
	if e, isExecutionError := err.(*validation.ExecutionFailureError); isExecutionError {
		return &commonerrors.VSCCExecutionFailureError{Err: e}
	}
	// Else, treat it as an endorsement error.
	return &commonerrors.VSCCEndorsementPolicyError{Err: err}
}
func (pv *PluginValidator) ValidateWithPlugin(ctx *Context) error {
	//获得或者创建插件
	plugin, err := pv.getOrCreatePlugin(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return &validation.ExecutionFailureError{
			Reason: fmt.Sprintf("plugin with name %s couldn't be used: %v", ctx.VSCCName, err),
		}
	}
	//验证
	err = plugin.Validate(ctx.Block, ctx.Namespace, ctx.Seq, 0, SerializedPolicy(ctx.Policy))
	validityStatus := "valid"
	if err != nil {
		validityStatus = fmt.Sprintf("invalid: %v", err)
	}
	logger.Debug("Transaction", ctx.TxID, "appears to be", validityStatus)
	return err
}
//core/handlers/validation/builtin/default_validation.go/Validate()
func (v *DefaultValidation) Validate(block *common.Block, namespace string, txPosition int, actionPosition int, contextData ...validation.ContextDatum) error {
	if len(contextData) == 0 {
		logger.Panicf("Expected to receive policy bytes in context data")
	}

  //获得Context内容中的策略
	serializedPolicy, isSerializedPolicy := contextData[0].(SerializedPolicy)
	if !isSerializedPolicy {
		logger.Panicf("Expected to receive a serialized policy in the first context data")
	}
	if block == nil || block.Data == nil {
		return errors.New("empty block")
	}
	if txPosition >= len(block.Data.Data) {
		return errors.Errorf("block has only %d transactions, but requested tx at position %d", len(block.Data.Data), txPosition)
	}
	if block.Header == nil {
		return errors.Errorf("no block header")
	}

	var err error
	//根据不同的版本，来调用不同的验证方法
	switch {
	case v.Capabilities.V1_3Validation():
		err = v.TxValidatorV1_3.Validate(block, namespace, txPosition, actionPosition, serializedPolicy.Bytes())

	case v.Capabilities.V1_2Validation():
		fallthrough

	default:
		err = v.TxValidatorV1_2.Validate(block, namespace, txPosition, actionPosition, serializedPolicy.Bytes())
	}

	logger.Debugf("block %d, namespace: %s, tx %d validation results is: %v", block.Header.Number, namespace, txPosition, err)
	return convertErrorTypeOrPanic(err)
}
//1.2版本
func (vscc *Validator) Validate(
	block *common.Block,
	namespace string,
	txPosition int,
	actionPosition int,
	policyBytes []byte,
) commonerrors.TxValidationError {
	// get the envelope...
	env, err := utils.GetEnvelopeFromBlock(block.Data.Data[txPosition])
	if err != nil {
		logger.Errorf("VSCC error: GetEnvelope failed, err %s", err)
		return policyErr(err)
	}

	// ...and the payload...
	payl, err := utils.GetPayload(env)
	if err != nil {
		logger.Errorf("VSCC error: GetPayload failed, err %s", err)
		return policyErr(err)
	}

	chdr, err := utils.UnmarshalChannelHeader(payl.Header.ChannelHeader)
	if err != nil {
		return policyErr(err)
	}

	// validate the payload type
	if common.HeaderType(chdr.Type) != common.HeaderType_ENDORSER_TRANSACTION {
		logger.Errorf("Only Endorser Transactions are supported, provided type %d", chdr.Type)
		return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("Only Endorser Transactions are supported, provided type %d", chdr.Type))
	}

	// ...and the transaction...
	tx, err := utils.GetTransaction(payl.Data)
	if err != nil {
		logger.Errorf("VSCC error: GetTransaction failed, err %s", err)
		return policyErr(err)
	}

  //获得链码数据中的Action
	cap, err := utils.GetChaincodeActionPayload(tx.Actions[actionPosition].Payload)
	if err != nil {
		logger.Errorf("VSCC error: GetChaincodeActionPayload failed, err %s", err)
		return policyErr(err)
	}
  //签名去重
	signatureSet, err := vscc.deduplicateIdentity(cap)
	if err != nil {
		return policyErr(err)
	}

	// evaluate the signature set against the policy
	//验证背书策略
	err = vscc.policyEvaluator.Evaluate(policyBytes, signatureSet)
	if err != nil {
		logger.Warningf("Endorsement policy failure for transaction txid=%s, err: %s", chdr.GetTxId(), err.Error())
		if len(signatureSet) < len(cap.Action.Endorsements) {
			// Warning: duplicated identities exist, endorsement failure might be cause by this reason
			return policyErr(errors.New(DUPLICATED_IDENTITY_ERROR))
		}
		return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("VSCC error: endorsement policy failure, err: %s", err))
	}

	// do some extra validation that is specific to lscc
	//lscc名空间的验证
	if namespace == "lscc" {
		logger.Debugf("VSCC info: doing special validation for LSCC")
		err := vscc.ValidateLSCCInvocation(chdr.ChannelId, env, cap, payl, vscc.capabilities)
		if err != nil {
			logger.Errorf("VSCC error: ValidateLSCCInvocation failed, err %s", err)
			return err
		}
	}

	return nil
}
//1.3版本
func (vscc *Validator) Validate(
	block *common.Block,
	namespace string,
	txPosition int,
	actionPosition int,
	policyBytes []byte,
) commonerrors.TxValidationError {
	vscc.stateBasedValidator.PreValidate(uint64(txPosition), block)

	va, err := vscc.extractValidationArtifacts(block, txPosition, actionPosition)
	if err != nil {
		vscc.stateBasedValidator.PostValidate(namespace, block.Header.Number, uint64(txPosition), err)
		return policyErr(err)
	}

	txverr := vscc.stateBasedValidator.Validate(
		namespace,
		block.Header.Number,
		uint64(txPosition),
		va.rwset,
		va.prp,
		policyBytes,
		va.endorsements,
	)
	if txverr != nil {
		logger.Errorf("VSCC error: stateBasedValidator.Validate failed, err %s", txverr)
		vscc.stateBasedValidator.PostValidate(namespace, block.Header.Number, uint64(txPosition), txverr)
		return txverr
	}

	// do some extra validation that is specific to lscc
	if namespace == "lscc" {
		logger.Debugf("VSCC info: doing special validation for LSCC")
		err := vscc.ValidateLSCCInvocation(va.chdr.ChannelId, va.env, va.cap, va.payl, vscc.capabilities)
		if err != nil {
			logger.Errorf("VSCC error: ValidateLSCCInvocation failed, err %s", err)
			vscc.stateBasedValidator.PostValidate(namespace, block.Header.Number, uint64(txPosition), err)
			return err
		}
	}

	vscc.stateBasedValidator.PostValidate(namespace, block.Header.Number, uint64(txPosition), nil)
	return nil
}

明显的1.3比1.2代码要少好多啊。不过其实检验的方式不同。1.3版本支持KEY级别的背书策略，最终会调用KeyLevelValidator.Validate()。从1.2开始，VSCC系统链码封装成插件，在Peer启动时读取core.yaml中handlers.validators.vscc这个配置项参数（默认为DefaultValidation方法），最终调用plugin.Validate()方法，这里按1.2分析下去：

// NewPolicy creates a new policy based on the policy bytes
func (pr *provider) NewPolicy(data []byte) (policies.Policy, proto.Message, error) {
	sigPolicy := &cb.SignaturePolicyEnvelope{}
	if err := proto.Unmarshal(data, sigPolicy); err != nil {
		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("Error unmarshaling to SignaturePolicy: %s", err)
	}

	if sigPolicy.Version != 0 {
		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("This evaluator only understands messages of version 0, but version was %d", sigPolicy.Version)
	}

	compiled, err := compile(sigPolicy.Rule, sigPolicy.Identities, pr.deserializer)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, err
	}

	return &policy{
		evaluator:    compiled,
		deserializer: pr.deserializer,
	}, sigPolicy, nil

}
//common/cauthdsl/cauthdsl.go
//验证的策略由下面这个函数来生成
// compile recursively builds a go evaluatable function corresponding to the policy specified, remember to call deduplicate on identities before
// passing them to this function for evaluation
func compile(policy *cb.SignaturePolicy, identities []*mb.MSPPrincipal, deserializer msp.IdentityDeserializer) (func([]IdentityAndSignature, []bool) bool, error) {
	if policy == nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Empty policy element")
	}

	switch t := policy.Type.(type) {
		//递归构造策略验证方法直到遇到SignedBy策略类型---需要期望的N个实体签名背书
	case *cb.SignaturePolicy_NOutOf_:
		policies := make([]func([]IdentityAndSignature, []bool) bool, len(t.NOutOf.Rules))
		for i, policy := range t.NOutOf.Rules {
			compiledPolicy, err := compile(policy, identities, deserializer)
			if err != nil {
				return nil, err
			}
			policies[i] = compiledPolicy

		}
		return func(signedData []IdentityAndSignature, used []bool) bool {
			grepKey := time.Now().UnixNano()
			cauthdslLogger.Debugf("%p gate %d evaluation starts", signedData, grepKey)
			verified := int32(0)
			_used := make([]bool, len(used))
			//遍历子策略验证方法
			for _, policy := range policies {
				copy(_used, used)
				//对指定的签名数据进行验证，查看其是否满足子策略的要求
				if policy(signedData, _used) {
					//满足则加1
					verified++
					//恢复签名身份实体集合已匹配的标记列表 ，防止签名数据不满足验证策略时可以恢复used数据
					copy(used, _used)
				}
			}

      //计算最终通过的验证数量是否满足要求
			if verified >= t.NOutOf.N {
				cauthdslLogger.Debugf("%p gate %d evaluation succeeds", signedData, grepKey)
			} else {
				cauthdslLogger.Debugf("%p gate %d evaluation fails", signedData, grepKey)
			}

      //返回验证通过的数量
			return verified >= t.NOutOf.N
		}, nil
		//SignedBy策略类型--单个实体签名，其必须匹配MSP的指定角色
	case *cb.SignaturePolicy_SignedBy:
		//索引的合法性检查
		if t.SignedBy < 0 || t.SignedBy >= int32(len(identities)) {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("identity index out of range, requested %v, but identities length is %d", t.SignedBy, len(identities))
		}
		//获得指定签名主体MSPprincipal实例
		signedByID := identities[t.SignedBy]
		return func(signedData []IdentityAndSignature, used []bool) bool {
			cauthdslLogger.Debugf("%p signed by %d principal evaluation starts (used %v)", signedData, t.SignedBy, used)
			//遍历签名数据列表，如果签名身份实体集合中已匹配则略过
			for i, sd := range signedData {
				if used[i] {
					cauthdslLogger.Debugf("%p skipping identity %d because it has already been used", signedData, i)
					continue
				}
				if cauthdslLogger.IsEnabledFor(zapcore.DebugLevel) {
					// Unlike most places, this is a huge print statement, and worth checking log level before create garbage
					cauthdslLogger.Debugf("%p processing identity %d with bytes of %x", signedData, i, sd.Identity)
				}
				identity, err := sd.Identity()
				if err != nil {
					cauthdslLogger.Errorf("Principal deserialization failure (%s) for identity %d", err, i)
					continue
				}
				//身份ID是否满足签名策略
				err = identity.SatisfiesPrincipal(signedByID)
				if err != nil {
					cauthdslLogger.Debugf("%p identity %d does not satisfy principal: %s", signedData, i, err)
					continue
				}
				cauthdslLogger.Debugf("%p principal matched by identity %d", signedData, i)
				//是滞满足背书策略，如果满足则验证签名的真实性
				err = sd.Verify()
				if err != nil {
					cauthdslLogger.Debugf("%p signature for identity %d is invalid: %s", signedData, i, err)
					continue
				}
				cauthdslLogger.Debugf("%p principal evaluation succeeds for identity %d", signedData, i)
				used[i] = true
				return true
			}
			cauthdslLogger.Debugf("%p principal evaluation fails", signedData)
			return false
		}, nil
	default:
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Unknown type: %T:%v", t, t)
	}
}
//core/committer/TxValidator/plugin_validator.go
func (id *PolicyEvaluator) Evaluate(policyBytes []byte, signatureSet []*common.SignedData) error {
	pp := cauthdsl.NewPolicyProvider(id.IdentityDeserializer)
	policy, _, err := pp.NewPolicy(policyBytes)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	return policy.Evaluate(signatureSet)
}
//验证的策略有很多类，只举一个:common/policies/policy.go
// Evaluate takes a set of SignedData and evaluates whether this set of signatures satisfies the policy
func (p *policy) Evaluate(signatureSet []*cb.SignedData) error {
	if p == nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("No such policy")
	}
	idAndS := make([]IdentityAndSignature, len(signatureSet))
	for i, sd := range signatureSet {
		idAndS[i] = &deserializeAndVerify{
			signedData:   sd,
			deserializer: p.deserializer,
		}
	}

	ok := p.evaluator(deduplicate(idAndS), make([]bool, len(signatureSet)))
	if !ok {
		return errors.New("signature set did not satisfy policy")
	}
	return nil
}

验证的SatisfiersPrincipal最终会调用BCCSP包中的satisfiesPrincipalInternalPreV13

func (msp *bccspmsp) satisfiesPrincipalInternalPreV13(id Identity, principal *m.MSPPrincipal) error {
	switch principal.PrincipalClassification {
	// in this case, we have to check whether the
	// identity has a role in the msp - member or admin
	case m.MSPPrincipal_ROLE:
		// Principal contains the msp role
		mspRole := &m.MSPRole{}
		err := proto.Unmarshal(principal.Principal, mspRole)
		if err != nil {
			return errors.Wrap(err, "could not unmarshal MSPRole from principal")
		}

		// at first, we check whether the MSP
		// identifier is the same as that of the identity
		if mspRole.MspIdentifier != msp.name {
			return errors.Errorf("the identity is a member of a different MSP (expected %s, got %s)", mspRole.MspIdentifier, id.GetMSPIdentifier())
		}

		// now we validate the different msp roles
		switch mspRole.Role {
		case m.MSPRole_MEMBER:
	......
	case m.MSPPrincipal_IDENTITY:
......

		return errors.New("The identities do not match")
	case m.MSPPrincipal_ORGANIZATION_UNIT:
......
		// we then check if the identity is valid with this MSP
		// and fail if it is not
		err = msp.Validate(id)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		// now we check whether any of this identity's OUs match the requested one
		for _, ou := range id.GetOrganizationalUnits() {
......
	default:
		return errors.Errorf("invalid principal type %d", int32(principal.PrincipalClassification))
	}
}

此处就不对这个展开分析了，放到加密模块部分。最后在交易的验证函数中调用：

func (vscc *Validator) ValidateLSCCInvocation(
	chid string,
	env *common.Envelope,
	cap *pb.ChaincodeActionPayload,
	payl *common.Payload,
	ac channelconfig.ApplicationCapabilities,
) commonerrors.TxValidationError {
	//验证参数的合法性
	cpp, err := utils.GetChaincodeProposalPayload(cap.ChaincodeProposalPayload)
	if err != nil {
		logger.Errorf("VSCC error: GetChaincodeProposalPayload failed, err %s", err)
		return policyErr(err)
	}

	cis := &pb.ChaincodeInvocationSpec{}
	err = proto.Unmarshal(cpp.Input, cis)
	if err != nil {
		logger.Errorf("VSCC error: Unmarshal ChaincodeInvocationSpec failed, err %s", err)
		return policyErr(err)
	}

	if cis.ChaincodeSpec == nil ||
		cis.ChaincodeSpec.Input == nil ||
		cis.ChaincodeSpec.Input.Args == nil {
		logger.Errorf("VSCC error: committing invalid vscc invocation")
		return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("malformed chaincode invocation spec"))
	}

	lsccFunc := string(cis.ChaincodeSpec.Input.Args[0])
	lsccArgs := cis.ChaincodeSpec.Input.Args[1:]

	logger.Debugf("VSCC info: ValidateLSCCInvocation acting on %s %#v", lsccFunc, lsccArgs)

  //处理Deploy和UPGRADE
	switch lsccFunc {
	case lscc.UPGRADE, lscc.DEPLOY:
		logger.Debugf("VSCC info: validating invocation of lscc function %s on arguments %#v", lsccFunc, lsccArgs)

		if len(lsccArgs) < 2 {
			return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("Wrong number of arguments for invocation lscc(%s): expected at least 2, received %d", lsccFunc, len(lsccArgs)))
		}

		if (!ac.PrivateChannelData() && len(lsccArgs) > 5) ||
			(ac.PrivateChannelData() && len(lsccArgs) > 6) {
			return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("Wrong number of arguments for invocation lscc(%s): received %d", lsccFunc, len(lsccArgs)))
		}

		cdsArgs, err := utils.GetChaincodeDeploymentSpec(lsccArgs[1], platforms.NewRegistry(
			// XXX We should definitely _not_ have this external dependency in VSCC
			// as adding a platform could cause non-determinism.  This is yet another
			// reason why all of this custom LSCC validation at commit time has no
			// long term hope of staying deterministic and needs to be removed.
			&golang.Platform{},
			&node.Platform{},
			&java.Platform{},
			&car.Platform{},
		))

		if err != nil {
			return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("GetChaincodeDeploymentSpec error %s", err))
		}

		if cdsArgs == nil || cdsArgs.ChaincodeSpec == nil || cdsArgs.ChaincodeSpec.ChaincodeId == nil ||
			cap.Action == nil || cap.Action.ProposalResponsePayload == nil {
			return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("VSCC error: invocation of lscc(%s) does not have appropriate arguments", lsccFunc))
		}

		// validate chaincode name
		ccName := cdsArgs.ChaincodeSpec.ChaincodeId.Name
		// it must comply with the lscc.ChaincodeNameRegExp
		if !lscc.ChaincodeNameRegExp.MatchString(ccName) {
			return policyErr(errors.Errorf("invalid chaincode name '%s'", ccName))
		}
		// it can't match the name of one of the system chaincodes
		if _, in := systemChaincodeNames[ccName]; in {
			return policyErr(errors.Errorf("chaincode name '%s' is reserved for system chaincodes", ccName))
		}

		// validate chaincode version
		ccVersion := cdsArgs.ChaincodeSpec.ChaincodeId.Version
		// it must comply with the lscc.ChaincodeVersionRegExp
		if !lscc.ChaincodeVersionRegExp.MatchString(ccVersion) {
			return policyErr(errors.Errorf("invalid chaincode version '%s'", ccVersion))
		}

		// get the rwset
		pRespPayload, err := utils.GetProposalResponsePayload(cap.Action.ProposalResponsePayload)
		if err != nil {
			return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("GetProposalResponsePayload error %s", err))
		}
		if pRespPayload.Extension == nil {
			return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("nil pRespPayload.Extension"))
		}
		respPayload, err := utils.GetChaincodeAction(pRespPayload.Extension)
		if err != nil {
			return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("GetChaincodeAction error %s", err))
		}
		txRWSet := &rwsetutil.TxRwSet{}
		if err = txRWSet.FromProtoBytes(respPayload.Results); err != nil {
			return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("txRWSet.FromProtoBytes error %s", err))
		}

		// extract the rwset for lscc
		var lsccrwset *kvrwset.KVRWSet
		for _, ns := range txRWSet.NsRwSets {
			logger.Debugf("Namespace %s", ns.NameSpace)
			if ns.NameSpace == "lscc" {
				lsccrwset = ns.KvRwSet
				break
			}
		}

		// retrieve from the ledger the entry for the chaincode at hand
		cdLedger, ccExistsOnLedger, err := vscc.getInstantiatedCC(chid, cdsArgs.ChaincodeSpec.ChaincodeId.Name)
		if err != nil {
			return &commonerrors.VSCCExecutionFailureError{Err: err}
		}

		/******************************************/
		/* security check 0 - validation of rwset */
		/******************************************/
		// there has to be a write-set
		if lsccrwset == nil {
			return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("No read write set for lscc was found"))
		}
		// there must be at least one write
		if len(lsccrwset.Writes) < 1 {
			return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("LSCC must issue at least one single putState upon deploy/upgrade"))
		}
		// the first key name must be the chaincode id provided in the deployment spec
		if lsccrwset.Writes[0].Key != cdsArgs.ChaincodeSpec.ChaincodeId.Name {
			return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("expected key %s, found %s", cdsArgs.ChaincodeSpec.ChaincodeId.Name, lsccrwset.Writes[0].Key))
		}
		// the value must be a ChaincodeData struct
		cdRWSet := &ccprovider.ChaincodeData{}
		err = proto.Unmarshal(lsccrwset.Writes[0].Value, cdRWSet)
		if err != nil {
			return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("unmarhsalling of ChaincodeData failed, error %s", err))
		}
		// the chaincode name in the lsccwriteset must match the chaincode name in the deployment spec
		if cdRWSet.Name != cdsArgs.ChaincodeSpec.ChaincodeId.Name {
			return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("expected cc name %s, found %s", cdsArgs.ChaincodeSpec.ChaincodeId.Name, cdRWSet.Name))
		}
		// the chaincode version in the lsccwriteset must match the chaincode version in the deployment spec
		if cdRWSet.Version != cdsArgs.ChaincodeSpec.ChaincodeId.Version {
			return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("expected cc version %s, found %s", cdsArgs.ChaincodeSpec.ChaincodeId.Version, cdRWSet.Version))
		}
		// it must only write to 2 namespaces: LSCC's and the cc that we are deploying/upgrading
		for _, ns := range txRWSet.NsRwSets {
			if ns.NameSpace != "lscc" && ns.NameSpace != cdRWSet.Name && len(ns.KvRwSet.Writes) > 0 {
				return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("LSCC invocation is attempting to write to namespace %s", ns.NameSpace))
			}
		}

		logger.Debugf("Validating %s for cc %s version %s", lsccFunc, cdRWSet.Name, cdRWSet.Version)

		switch lsccFunc {
		case lscc.DEPLOY:

			/******************************************************************/
			/* security check 1 - cc not in the LCCC table of instantiated cc */
			/******************************************************************/
			if ccExistsOnLedger {
				return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("Chaincode %s is already instantiated", cdsArgs.ChaincodeSpec.ChaincodeId.Name))
			}

			/****************************************************************************/
			/* security check 2 - validation of rwset (and of collections if enabled) */
			/****************************************************************************/
			if ac.PrivateChannelData() {
				// do extra validation for collections
				err := vscc.validateRWSetAndCollection(lsccrwset, cdRWSet, lsccArgs, lsccFunc, ac, chid)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
			} else {
				// there can only be a single ledger write
				if len(lsccrwset.Writes) != 1 {
					return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("LSCC can only issue a single putState upon deploy"))
				}
			}

			/*****************************************************/
			/* security check 3 - check the instantiation policy */
			/*****************************************************/
			pol := cdRWSet.InstantiationPolicy
			if pol == nil {
				return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("no instantiation policy was specified"))
			}
			// FIXME: could we actually pull the cds package from the
			// file system to verify whether the policy that is specified
			// here is the same as the one on disk?
			// PROS: we prevent attacks where the policy is replaced
			// CONS: this would be a point of non-determinism
			err := vscc.checkInstantiationPolicy(chid, env, pol, payl)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}

		case lscc.UPGRADE:
			/**************************************************************/
			/* security check 1 - cc in the LCCC table of instantiated cc */
			/**************************************************************/
			if !ccExistsOnLedger {
				return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("Upgrading non-existent chaincode %s", cdsArgs.ChaincodeSpec.ChaincodeId.Name))
			}

			/**********************************************************/
			/* security check 2 - existing cc's version was different */
			/**********************************************************/
			if cdLedger.Version == cdsArgs.ChaincodeSpec.ChaincodeId.Version {
				return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("Existing version of the cc on the ledger (%s) should be different from the upgraded one", cdsArgs.ChaincodeSpec.ChaincodeId.Version))
			}

			/****************************************************************************/
			/* security check 3 validation of rwset (and of collections if enabled) */
			/****************************************************************************/
			// Only in v1.2, a collection can be updated during a chaincode upgrade
			if ac.V1_2Validation() {
				// do extra validation for collections
				err := vscc.validateRWSetAndCollection(lsccrwset, cdRWSet, lsccArgs, lsccFunc, ac, chid)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
			} else {
				// there can only be a single ledger write
				if len(lsccrwset.Writes) != 1 {
					return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("LSCC can only issue a single putState upon upgrade"))
				}
			}

			/*****************************************************/
			/* security check 4 - check the instantiation policy */
			/*****************************************************/
			pol := cdLedger.InstantiationPolicy
			if pol == nil {
				return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("No instantiation policy was specified"))
			}
			// FIXME: could we actually pull the cds package from the
			// file system to verify whether the policy that is specified
			// here is the same as the one on disk?
			// PROS: we prevent attacks where the policy is replaced
			// CONS: this would be a point of non-determinism
			err := vscc.checkInstantiationPolicy(chid, env, pol, payl)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}

			/******************************************************************/
			/* security check 5 - check the instantiation policy in the rwset */
			/******************************************************************/
			if ac.V1_1Validation() {
				polNew := cdRWSet.InstantiationPolicy
				if polNew == nil {
					return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("No instantiation policy was specified"))
				}

				// no point in checking it again if they are the same policy
				if !bytes.Equal(polNew, pol) {
					err = vscc.checkInstantiationPolicy(chid, env, polNew, payl)
					if err != nil {
						return err
					}
				}
			}
		}

		// all is good!
		return nil
	default:
		return policyErr(fmt.Errorf("VSCC error: committing an invocation of function %s of lscc is invalid", lsccFunc))
	}
}

总结一下就是：首先要生成验证策略，根据不同的策略生成的策略方法集返回到应用，通过此集合验证交易的策略。然后调用BCCSP包的中satisfiesPrincipalInternalPreV13（），利用角色，身份和组织单元来验证是否为相同的MSP，证书是否有效，是不是Admin并验证。验证身份证书的一致性。验证组织部门信息是否匹配。

六、总结

区块提交是反复验证和模拟执行的结果，然后还会通知其它监听的条件状态变量更新，整个流程复杂而又细致，不要漏过任何一行代码，在分析过程中，还是吃这个苦头的。区块交易数据经过验证后，经过VSCC和MVCC的检查，就可以提交到区块数据文件，更新区块索引数据库，保存隐私数据到隐私数据库，同步有效交易数据到状态数据库，并最终把背书签名的有效交易提到历史数据库。好好的看代码，源码面前，了无秘密。