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Spring 学习（一）—–装配Bean

装配Bean

刚学习spring，一开始被spring各种bean注入方式搞得晕头转向，现在花时间进行梳理。spring的bean注入主要有以下三种方式。

一 自动装配Bean

1) 用@componet+@Autowired+Spring 配置类名（指定 Spring 配置信息的来源）

Printer.class

package xuejun.printer;
public interface Printer {
    public void print();
}

JSONPrinter.class @Componet表示JSONPrinter类可以进行组装

package xuejun.printer;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component("jSONPrinter")
public class JSONPrinter implements Printer {
    public void print(){
        System.out.println("Json Output Printer");
    }
}

OutPutHelper.class @Componet表示OutPutHelper类可以进行组装,@Autowired声明要装载进来的类JSONPrinter

package xuejun.printer;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component("outPutHelper")
public class OutPutHelper {
    Printer printer;
    @Autowired
    public OutPutHelper(Printer SONPrinter){
        this.printer = SONPrinter;
    }
    public void print(){
        printer.print();
    }
}

OutPutHelperConfig.class 声明spring配置类

package xuejun.printer;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
@ComponentScan
public class OutPutHelperConfig {
      Printer printer;
      @Autowired
      public void OutPutHelper(Printer SONPrinter){
            this.printer = SONPrinter;
      }
      public void print(){
            printer.print();
      }
}

测试类

package xuejun.output;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import xuejun.printer.OutPutHelper;
import xuejun.printer.OutPutHelperConfig;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes=OutPutHelperConfig.class)
public class Output {
    @Resource OutPutHelper outPutHelper;
    @Test
    public  void test( )
    {
        outPutHelper.print();
    }
}

输出“Json Output Printer”

2) 用@componet+@Autowired+xml配置（指定 Spring 配置信息的来源）

第一步，将OutPutHelperConfig.class去掉；
第二步，新增xml配置；
第三步，更改测试类。

在/resource/ApplicationContext/ 路径下新增spring-component.xml配置

测试类

package xuejun.output;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import xuejun.printer.OutPutHelper;
import xuejun.printer.OutPutHelperConfig;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("/ApplicationContext/spring-component.xml")
public class Output {
    @Resource OutPutHelper outPutHelper;
    @Test
    public  void test( )
        outPutHelper.print();     
    }
}

输出“Json Output Printer”

### 二 通过Java代码装配Bean ####用@bean+javaConfig,@Bean注解会告诉spring这个方法将返回一个对象，该对象注册为spring应用上下文中的bean。 #####1）OutPutHelper.class， 支持构造函数 把所有类的@componet和@Autowired都去掉

package xuejun.printer
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
public class OutPutHelper {
    Printer printer;
    private JSONPrinter outPutHelper;
    public OutPutHelper(Printer SONPrinter){
        this.printer = SONPrinter;
    }
    public void print(){
        printer.print();
    }
}

OutPutHelperConfig.class

package xuejun.printer;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class OutPutHelperConfig {
      @Bean
      public JSONPrinter JSONPrinter(){
           return new JSONPrinter();
      }
      @Bean
      public OutPutHelper OutPutHelper(Printer jSONPrinter){
            return new OutPutHelper(jSONPrinter);
      }
}

测试类

package xuejun.output;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import xuejun.printer.OutPutHelper;
import xuejun.printer.OutPutHelperConfig;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = OutPutHelperConfig.class)
public class Output {
    @Resource OutPutHelper outPutHelper;
    @Test
    public  void test( )
        outPutHelper.print();     
    }
}

输出“Json Output Printer”

三 通过xml装配Bean

把所有类的@componet和@Autowired都去掉

1）OutPutHelper.class，支持setter与getter

package xuejun.printer
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
public class OutPutHelper {
    Printer printer;
    private JSONPrinter outPutHelper;
    public void setOutPutHelper(Printer SONPrinter){
        this.printer = SONPrinter;
    }
    public void print(){
        printer.print();
    }
}

在/resource/ApplicationContext/ 路径下新增xml配置

测试类

package xuejun.output;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import xuejun.printer.OutPutHelper;
import xuejun.printer.OutPutHelperConfig;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("/ApplicationContext/Spring-common.xml")
public class Output {
    @Resource OutPutHelper outPutHelper;
    @Test
    public  void test( )
        outPutHelper.print();     
    }
}

输出“Json Output Printer” 把所有类的@componet和@Autowired都去掉

2）OutPutHelper.class，支持构造函数

package xuejun.printer
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
public class OutPutHelper {
    Printer printer;
    private JSONPrinter outPutHelper;
    public OutPutHelper(Printer SONPrinter){
        this.printer = SONPrinter;
    }
    public void print(){
        printer.print();
    }
}

在/resource/ApplicationContext/ 路径下新增xml配置，不同的是“property”换成了“constructor-arg”

测试类

package xuejun.output;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import xuejun.printer.OutPutHelper;
import xuejun.printer.OutPutHelperConfig;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("/ApplicationContext/Spring-common.xml")
public class Output {
    @Resource OutPutHelper outPutHelper;
    @Test
    public  void test( )
        outPutHelper.print();     
    }
}

输出“Json Output Printer”