第7章 进一步研究方法和类（四）

UseStatic.java

// Demonstrate static variables, methods, and blocks. class UseStatic {     static int a = 3;     static int b;     static void meth(int x) {         System.out.println("x = " + x);         System.out.println("a = " + a);         System.out.println("b = " + b);     }     static {         System.out.println("Static blocks initialized.");         b = a * 4;     }     public static void main(String args[]) {         meth(42);     } }

StaticByName.java

class StaticDemo {     static int a = 42;     static int b = 99;     static void callme() {         System.out.println("a = " + a);     } } class StaticByName {     public static void main(String[] args) {         StaticDemo.callme();         System.out.println("b = " + StaticDemo.b);     } }

Length.java

// This program demonstrates the length array member. class Length {     public static void main(String[] args) {         int a1[] = new int[10];         int a2[] = { 3, 5, 7, 1, 8, 99, 44, -10 };         int a3[] = { 4, 3, 2, 1 };         System.out.println("length of a1 is " + a1.length);         System.out.println("length of a2 is " + a2.length);         System.out.println("length of a3 is " + a3.length);     } }

TestStack2.java

// Improved Stack class that uses the length array member. class Stack {     private int stck[];     private int tos;     // allocate and initialize stack     Stack(int size) {         stck = new int[size];         tos = -1;     }     // Push an item onto the stack     void push(int item) {         if (tos == stck.length - 1) // use length member             System.out.println("Stack is full.");         else             stck[++tos] = item;     }     // Pop an item from the stack     int pop() {         if (tos < 0) {             System.out.println("Stack underflow.");             return 0;         }         else             return stck[tos--];     } } class TestStack2 {     public static void main(String[] args) {         Stack mystack1 = new Stack(5);         Stack mystack2 = new Stack(8);         // push some numbers onto the stack         for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)             mystack1.push(i);         for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)             mystack2.push(i);         // pop those numbers off the stack         System.out.println("Stack in mystack1:");         for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)             System.out.println(mystack1.pop());         System.out.println("Stack in mystack2:");         for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)             System.out.println(mystack2.pop());     } }

InnerClassDemo

// Demonstrate an inner class. class Outer {     int outer_x = 100;     void test() {         Inner inner = new Inner();         inner.display();     }     // this is an inner class     class Inner {         void display() {             System.out.println("display: outer_x = " + outer_x);         }     } } class InnerClassDemo {     public static void main(String[] args) {         Outer outer = new Outer();         outer.test();     } }

InnerClassDemo2.java

// Define an inner class within a for loop. class Outer2 {     int outer_x = 100;     void test() {         for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {             class Inner {                 void display() {                     System.out.println("display: outer_x = "                             + outer_x);                 }             }             Inner inner = new Inner();             inner.display();         }     } } class InnerClassDemo2 {     public static void main(String[] args) {         Outer2 outer = new Outer2();         outer.test();     } }