python threading模块

python threading模块

首先我们来看看threading包含那些属性和方法吧（官方文档在http://docs.python.org/library/threading.html）

就我一直不太明白的几个点开始吧

1. Condition

A factory function that returns a new condition variable object. A condition variable allows one or more threads to wait until they are notified by another thread.

Condition涉及到的几个方法acquire, release，wait，notify，

1 import threading, time
2 class Boy(threading.Thread):
3     def __init__ (self, cond, name):
4          super(Boy, self). __init__ ()
5          self.cond = cond
6         self.name = name
7
8     def run(self):
9         self.cond.acquire()
10        print self.name + ' : 嫁给我吧！？ '
11        self.cond.notify() # 唤醒一个挂起的线程，让hanmeimei表态
12         self.cond.wait() # 释放内部所占用的琐，同时线程被挂起，直至接收到通知被唤醒或超时，等待hanmeimei回答
13  
14        print self.name + ' : 我单下跪，送上戒指！ '
15        self.cond.notify()
16        self.cond.wait()
17
18        print self.name + ' : Li太太，你的选择太明治了。 '
19        self.cond.release()
20
21 class Girl(threading.Thread):
22     def __init__ (self, cond, name):
23         super(Girl, self). __init__ ()
24         self.cond = cond
25         self.name = name
26     def run(self):
27         self.cond.acquire()
28         self.cond.wait() # 等待Lilei求婚
29          print self.name + ' : 没有情调，不够浪漫，不答应 '
30         self.cond.notify()
31         self.cond.wait()
32
33
34         print self.name + ' : 好吧，答应你了 '
35         self.cond.notify()
36         self.cond.release()
37
38 cond = threading.Condition()
39 boy = Boy(cond, ' LiLei ' )
40 girl = Girl(cond, ' HanMeiMei ' )
41  girl.start()
42 boy.start()

运行结果是

LiLei: 嫁给我吧！？
HanMeiMei: 没有情调，不够浪漫，不答应
LiLei: 我单下跪，送上戒指！
HanMeiMei: 好吧，答应你了
LiLei: Li太太，你的选择太明治了。

2. Event

A factory function that returns a new event object. An event manages a flag that can be set to true with the set() method and reset to false with the clear() method. The wait() method blocks until the flag is true.

个人任务Event是个简易的Condition，还是用上面求婚做哥例子吧

 

?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37

import threading, time class Boy(threading.Thread):      def __init__( self , cond, name):          super (Boy, self ).__init__()          self .cond = cond          self .name = name      def run( self ):          print self .name + ': 嫁给我吧！？'          self .cond. set () #唤醒一个挂起的线程，让hanmeimei表态          time.sleep( 0.5 )          self .cond.wait()          print self .name + ': 我单下跪，送上戒指！'          self .cond. set ()          time.sleep( 0.5 )          self .cond.wait()          self .cond.clear()          print self .name + ': Li太太，你的选择太明治了。' class Girl(threading.Thread):      def __init__( self , cond, name):          super (Girl, self ).__init__()          self .cond = cond          self .name = name      def run( self ):          self .cond.wait() #等待Lilei求婚          self .cond.clear()          print self .name + ': 没有情调，不够浪漫，不答应'          self .cond. set ()          time.sleep( 0.5 )          self .cond.wait()          print self .name + ': 好吧，答应你了'          self .cond. set ()   cond = threading.Event() boy = Boy(cond, 'LiLei' ) girl = Girl(cond, 'HanMeiMei' ) boy.start() girl.start()

 

 

 

3. Lock

A primitive lock is a synchronization primitive that is not owned by a particular thread when locked. In Python, it is currently the lowest level synchronization primitive available, implemented directly by the thread extension module.

4. RLock

A reentrant lock is a synchronization primitive that may be acquired multiple times by the same thread. Internally, it uses the concepts of “owning thread” and “recursion level” in addition to the locked/unlocked state used by primitive locks. In the locked state, some thread owns the lock; in the unlocked state, no thread owns it.

这两种琐的主要区别是：RLock允许在同一线程中被多次acquire。而Lock却不允许这种情况。注意：如果使用RLock，那么acquire和release必须成对出现，即调用了n次acquire，必须调用n次的release才能真正释放所占用的琐。

5. Thread

上面的例子也很清楚，

join

主调线程堵塞，直到被调用线程运行结束或超时.

daemon(文档上这么写的，不理解)

布尔值。True表示为守护线程。该线程的设置必须在start()之前。初始值从你线程继承而来，主线程为非daemon线程。

对于共享数据的同步问题，我们选两个比较常用的方法来解决。

6. Timer

比较简单直观

1 def hello():
2     print " hello, world "
3     t = Timer( 3 , hello)
4     t.start()

剩下的一些threading的方法比较好理解currentThread，activeCount，enumerate