DAO设计模式

1、什么事DAO

DAO是Data Access Object数据访问接口，就是与数据库打交道。夹在业务逻辑与数据库资源中间

DAO模式实际上是两个模式的组合即Data Accessor（数据访问者）模式和Active Domain Object（领域对象）模式。

Data Accessor模式实现了数据访问和业务逻辑的分类

Active Domain Object模式实现了业务数据的对象化封装

2、实现DAO模式

一个典型的DAO实现有下列几个组件

一个DAO接口；

一个实现DAO接口的具体类；

数据传递对象（DTO），有时候叫做值对象（VO），或领域模型（domain）

DBUtils工具类

package com.util.db;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;

/*
 * 数据库操作工具类
 * 
 */
public class DBUtils {
	public static String URL ;
	public static String USERNAME ;
	public static String PASSWORD ;
	public static String DRIVER ;
	
	private static ResourceBundle rb=ResourceBundle.getBundle("com.util.db.db-config");
	
	private DBUtils(){}
	//使用静态块加载驱动程序
	static{
			URL=rb.getString("jdbc.url");
			USERNAME=rb.getString("jdbc.username");
			PASSWORD=rb.getString("jdbc.password");
			DRIVER=rb.getString("jdbc.driver");
		try {
			Class.forName(DRIVER);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
			System.out.println("加载数据库驱动失败");
		}
	}
	//定义一个获取数据可连接的方法
	public static Connection getConnection(){
		Connection conn=null;
		try {
			conn=DriverManager.getConnection(URL,USERNAME,PASSWORD);
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
			System.out.println("获取连接失败");
		}
		return conn;
	}
	/*
	 * 关闭数据库连接
	 */
	public static void close(ResultSet rs,Statement stat,Connection conn){
			try {
				if(rs!=null)rs.close();
				if(stat!=null)stat.close();
				if(conn!=null)conn.close();
			} catch (SQLException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		
	}
	
}

PersonDAO接口

package com.vince.dao;

import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;

import com.vince.domain.Person;

public interface PersonDAO {
	//添加方法
	public void add(Person p) throws SQLException;
	//更新方法
	public void update(Person p)throws SQLException;
	//删除方法
	public void delete(int id)throws SQLException;
	//查找方法
	public Person findById(int id) throws SQLException;
	//查找所有
	public List<Person> findAll() throws SQLException;
	
}

PersonDAO实现类

package com.vince.dao.impl;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import com.util.db.DBUtils;
import com.vince.dao.PersonDAO;
import com.vince.domain.Person;

public class PersonDaoImpl implements PersonDAO {
	/*
	 * 这是PersonDAO的具体实现类
	 * 
	 * @see com.vince.dao.PersonDAO#add(com.vince.domain.Person)
	 */
	@Override
	public void add(Person p) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Connection conn = null;
		PreparedStatement ps = null;
		String sql = "insert into person(name,age,des) values(?,?,?)";
		try {
			conn = DBUtils.getConnection();
			ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			ps.setString(1, p.getName());
			ps.setInt(2, p.getAge());
			ps.setString(3, p.getDes());
			ps.executeUpdate();

		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			throw new SQLException("添加信息失败");
		}finally{
			DBUtils.close(null,ps,conn);
		}

	}

	@Override
	public void delete(int id) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Connection conn = null;
		PreparedStatement ps = null;
		String sql = "delete from person where id=?";
		try {
			conn = DBUtils.getConnection();
			ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			ps.setInt(1,id);
		
			ps.executeUpdate();

		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			throw new SQLException("删除信息失败");
		}finally{
			DBUtils.close(null,ps,conn);
		}
	}

	@Override
	public List<Person> findAll() throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Connection conn=null;
		PreparedStatement ps=null;
		ResultSet rs=null;
		Person p=null;
		List<Person> persons=new ArrayList<Person>();
		String sql="select id,name,age,des from person";
		try {
			conn=DBUtils.getConnection();
			ps=conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			rs=ps.executeQuery();
			
			while(rs.next()){
				p=new Person();
				p.setId(rs.getInt(1));
				p.setName(rs.getString(2));
				p.setAge(rs.getInt(3));
				p.setDes(rs.getString(4));
				persons.add(p);
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO: handle exception
			e.printStackTrace();
			throw new SQLException("查询所有数据失败");
		}finally{
			DBUtils.close(rs, ps, conn);
		}
		return persons;
	
	}

	@Override
	public Person findById(int id) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Connection conn=null;
		PreparedStatement ps=null;
		ResultSet rs=null;
		Person p=null;
		String sql="select name,age,des from  person where id=? ";
		try {
			conn=DBUtils.getConnection();
			ps=conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			ps.setInt(1, id);
			rs=ps.executeQuery();
			if(rs.next()){
				p=new Person();
				p.setId(id);
				p.setName(rs.getString(1));
				p.setAge(rs.getInt(2));
				p.setDes(rs.getNString(3));
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO: handle exception
			e.printStackTrace();
			throw new SQLException("根据ID查询失败");
		}finally{
			DBUtils.close(rs, ps, conn);
		}
		return p;
	}

	@Override
	public void update(Person p) throws SQLException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Connection conn = null;
		PreparedStatement ps = null;
		String sql = "update person set name=?,age=?,des=? where id=?";
		try {
			conn = DBUtils.getConnection();
			ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			ps.setString(1, p.getName());
			ps.setInt(2, p.getAge());
			ps.setString(3, p.getDes());
			ps.setInt(4, p.getId());
			ps.executeUpdate();

		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			throw new SQLException("更新信息失败");
		}finally{
			DBUtils.close(null,ps,conn);
		}
	}

}

Person实体类

package com.vince.domain;

public class Person {
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	public String getDes() {
		return des;
	}
	public void setDes(String des) {
		this.des = des;
	}
	private int id;
	private String name;
	private int age;
	private String des;
	public Person(int id, String name, int age, String des) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.name = name;
		this.age = age;
		this.des = des;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Person [age=" + age + ", des=" + des + ", id=" + id + ", name="
				+ name + "]";
	}
	public Person(String name, int age, String des) {
		super();
		this.name = name;
		this.age = age;
		this.des = des;
	}
	public Person() {
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
}