Android如何生成设备节点

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-27 10:40:06 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-27 10:40:06 发布

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文章标签： android system audio struct path vpn

转自:http://blog.csdn.net/xiyu_1986/article/details/7173090

在Android中，由于没有mdev和udev，所以它没有办法动态的生成设备节点，那么它是如何做的呢？

我们可以在system/core/init/下的init.c和devices.c中找到答案：

init.c中

 
 int main(int argc, char **argv) 
{ 
    ... 
 
        /* Get the basic filesystem setup we need put 
         * together in the initramdisk on / and then we'll 
         * let the rc file figure out the rest. 
         */ 
    mkdir("/dev", 0755); 
    mkdir("/proc", 0755); 
    mkdir("/sys", 0755); 
 
    mount("tmpfs", "/dev", "tmpfs", 0, "mode=0755"); 
    mkdir("/dev/pts", 0755); 
    mkdir("/dev/socket", 0755); 
    mount("devpts", "/dev/pts", "devpts", 0, NULL); 
    mount("proc", "/proc", "proc", 0, NULL); 
    mount("sysfs", "/sys", "sysfs", 0, NULL); 
 
   for(;;) { 
       ... 
        if (ufds[0].revents == POLLIN) 
            handle_device_fd(device_fd); 
 
        if (ufds[1].revents == POLLIN) 
            handle_property_set_fd(property_set_fd); 
        if (ufds[3].revents == POLLIN) 
            handle_keychord(keychord_fd); 
    } 
 
    return 0; 
}

我们再来看看handle_device_fd()，该函数定义在devices.c中

 
 void handle_device_fd(int fd) 
{ 
        ... 
        handle_device_event(&uevent); 
        handle_firmware_event(&uevent); 
    } 
}

而handle_device_event定义如下：

 
 static void handle_device_event(struct uevent *uevent) 
{ 
    ... 
    if(!strcmp(uevent->action, "add")) { 
        make_device(devpath, block, uevent->major, uevent->minor); 
        return; 
    } 
    ... 
}

make_device定义如下：

 
 static void make_device(const char *path, int block, int major, int minor) 
{ 
    ... 
    mode = get_device_perm(path, &uid, &gid) | (block ? S_IFBLK : S_IFCHR); 
    dev = (major << 8) | minor; 
    ... 
    setegid(gid); 
    mknod(path, mode, dev); 
    chown(path, uid, -1); 
    setegid(AID_ROOT); 
}

我们看看get_device_perm如下实现：

 
 static mode_t get_device_perm(const char *path, unsigned *uid, unsigned *gid) 
{ 
    mode_t perm; 
 
    if (get_device_perm_inner(qemu_perms, path, uid, gid, &perm) == 0) { 
        return perm; 
    } else if (get_device_perm_inner(devperms, path, uid, gid, &perm) == 0) { 
        return perm; 
    } else { 
        struct listnode *node; 
        struct perm_node *perm_node; 
        struct perms_ *dp; 
 
        /* Check partners list. */ 
        list_for_each(node, &devperms_partners) { 
            perm_node = node_to_item(node, struct perm_node, plist); 
            dp = &perm_node->dp; 
 
            if (dp->prefix) { 
                if (strncmp(path, dp->name, strlen(dp->name))) 
                    continue; 
            } else { 
                if (strcmp(path, dp->name)) 
                    continue; 
            } 
            /* Found perm in partner list. */ 
            *uid = dp->uid; 
            *gid = dp->gid; 
            return dp->perm; 
        } 
        /* Default if nothing found. */ 
        *uid = 0; 
        *gid = 0; 
        return 0600; 
    } 
}

我们最后可以看到在devperms中定义了要生成的设备节点：

 
 static struct perms_ devperms[] = { 
    { "/dev/null",          0666,   AID_ROOT,       AID_ROOT,       0 }, 
    { "/dev/zero",          0666,   AID_ROOT,       AID_ROOT,       0 }, 
    { "/dev/full",          0666,   AID_ROOT,       AID_ROOT,       0 }, 
    { "/dev/ptmx",          0666,   AID_ROOT,       AID_ROOT,       0 }, 
    { "/dev/tty",           0666,   AID_ROOT,       AID_ROOT,       0 }, 
    { "/dev/random",        0666,   AID_ROOT,       AID_ROOT,       0 }, 
    { "/dev/urandom",       0666,   AID_ROOT,       AID_ROOT,       0 }, 
    { "/dev/ashmem",        0666,   AID_ROOT,       AID_ROOT,       0 }, 
    { "/dev/binder",        0666,   AID_ROOT,       AID_ROOT,       0 }, 
 
        /* logger should be world writable (for logging) but not readable */ 
    { "/dev/log/",          0662,   AID_ROOT,       AID_LOG,        1 }, 
 
    /* the msm hw3d client device node is world writable/readable. */ 
    { "/dev/msm_hw3dc",     0666,   AID_ROOT,       AID_ROOT,       0 }, 
 
    /* gpu driver for adreno200 is globally accessible */ 
    { "/dev/kgsl",          0666,   AID_ROOT,       AID_ROOT,       0 }, 
 
        /* these should not be world writable */ 
    { "/dev/diag",          0660,   AID_RADIO,      AID_RADIO,        0 }, 
    { "/dev/diag_arm9",     0660,   AID_RADIO,      AID_RADIO,        0 }, 
    { "/dev/android_adb",   0660,   AID_ADB,        AID_ADB,        0 }, 
    { "/dev/android_adb_enable",   0660,   AID_ADB,        AID_ADB,        0 }, 
    { "/dev/ttyMSM0",       0600,   AID_BLUETOOTH,  AID_BLUETOOTH,  0 }, 
    { "/dev/ttyHS0",        0600,   AID_BLUETOOTH,  AID_BLUETOOTH,  0 }, 
    { "/dev/uinput",        0660,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_BLUETOOTH,  0 }, 
    { "/dev/alarm",         0664,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_RADIO,      0 }, 
    { "/dev/tty0",          0660,   AID_ROOT,       AID_SYSTEM,     0 }, 
    { "/dev/graphics/",     0660,   AID_ROOT,       AID_GRAPHICS,   1 }, 
    { "/dev/msm_hw3dm",     0660,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_GRAPHICS,   0 }, 
    { "/dev/input/",        0660,   AID_ROOT,       AID_INPUT,      1 }, 
    { "/dev/eac",           0660,   AID_ROOT,       AID_AUDIO,      0 }, 
    { "/dev/cam",           0660,   AID_ROOT,       AID_CAMERA,     0 }, 
    { "/dev/pmem",          0660,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_GRAPHICS,   0 }, 
    { "/dev/pmem_adsp",     0660,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_AUDIO,      1 }, 
    { "/dev/pmem_camera",   0660,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_CAMERA,     1 }, 
    { "/dev/oncrpc/",       0660,   AID_ROOT,       AID_SYSTEM,     1 }, 
    { "/dev/adsp/",         0660,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_AUDIO,      1 }, 
    { "/dev/snd/",          0660,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_AUDIO,      1 }, 
    { "/dev/mt9t013",       0660,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_SYSTEM,     0 }, 
    { "/dev/msm_camera/",   0660,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_SYSTEM,     1 }, 
    { "/dev/akm8976_daemon",0640,   AID_COMPASS,    AID_SYSTEM,     0 }, 
    { "/dev/akm8976_aot",   0640,   AID_COMPASS,    AID_SYSTEM,     0 }, 
    { "/dev/akm8973_daemon",0640,   AID_COMPASS,    AID_SYSTEM,     0 }, 
    { "/dev/akm8973_aot",   0640,   AID_COMPASS,    AID_SYSTEM,     0 }, 
    { "/dev/bma150",        0640,   AID_COMPASS,    AID_SYSTEM,     0 }, 
    { "/dev/cm3602",        0640,   AID_COMPASS,    AID_SYSTEM,     0 }, 
    { "/dev/akm8976_pffd",  0640,   AID_COMPASS,    AID_SYSTEM,     0 }, 
    { "/dev/lightsensor",   0640,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_SYSTEM,     0 }, 
    { "/dev/msm_pcm_out",   0660,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_AUDIO,      1 }, 
    { "/dev/msm_pcm_in",    0660,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_AUDIO,      1 }, 
    { "/dev/msm_pcm_ctl",   0660,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_AUDIO,      1 }, 
    { "/dev/msm_snd",       0660,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_AUDIO,      1 }, 
    { "/dev/msm_mp3",       0660,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_AUDIO,      1 }, 
    { "/dev/audience_a1026", 0660,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_AUDIO,      1 }, 
    { "/dev/tpa2018d1",     0660,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_AUDIO,      1 }, 
    { "/dev/msm_audpre",    0660,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_AUDIO,      0 }, 
    { "/dev/msm_audio_ctl", 0660,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_AUDIO,      0 }, 
    { "/dev/htc-acoustic",  0660,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_AUDIO,      0 }, 
    { "/dev/vdec",          0660,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_AUDIO,      0 }, 
    { "/dev/q6venc",        0660,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_AUDIO,      0 }, 
    { "/dev/snd/dsp",       0660,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_AUDIO,      0 }, 
    { "/dev/snd/dsp1",      0660,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_AUDIO,      0 }, 
    { "/dev/snd/mixer",     0660,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_AUDIO,      0 }, 
    { "/dev/smd0",          0640,   AID_RADIO,      AID_RADIO,      0 }, 
    { "/dev/qemu_trace",    0666,   AID_SYSTEM,     AID_SYSTEM,     0 }, 
    { "/dev/qmi",           0640,   AID_RADIO,      AID_RADIO,      0 }, 
    { "/dev/qmi0",          0640,   AID_RADIO,      AID_RADIO,      0 }, 
    { "/dev/qmi1",          0640,   AID_RADIO,      AID_RADIO,      0 }, 
    { "/dev/qmi2",          0640,   AID_RADIO,      AID_RADIO,      0 }, 
        /* CDMA radio interface MUX */ 
    { "/dev/ts0710mux",     0640,   AID_RADIO,      AID_RADIO,      1 }, 
    { "/dev/ppp",           0660,   AID_RADIO,      AID_VPN,        0 }, 
    { "/dev/tun",           0640,   AID_VPN,        AID_VPN,        0 }, 
    { NULL, 0, 0, 0, 0 }, 
};

在Android中，没有独立的类似于udev或者mdev的用户程序，这个功能集成到了init中做了。代码见：system/core/init/init.c文件，如下：

if (ufds[0].revents == POLLIN)

handle_device_fd(device_fd);

其中handle_device_fd(device_fd)函数在system/core/init/devices.c中实现，参数device_fd 由函数device_init（）->open_uevent_socket()->socket(PF_NETLINK, SOCK_DGRAM, NETLINK_KOBJECT_UEVENT)函数调用返回。

函数handle_device_fd(device_fd)中，根据传进来的device_fd参数，调用recv(fd, msg, UEVENT_MSG_LEN, 0)函数，将内核探测到的设备并通过NETLINK机制传过来的socket描述符转化成消息。接着调用parse_event(msg, &uevent);函数将消息翻译成uevent事件，并将改事件传递给handle_device_event（&uevent）函数。

handle_device_event（&uevent）函数中，依据参数uevent->subsystem类型创建dev下的相应目录，如：/dev/graphics。紧接着根据uevent->action是"add"还是"remove"来实现设备节点的创建与删除。如果uevent->action是"add"，则调用make_device(devpath, block, uevent->major, uevent->minor)函数生成设备节点。如果uevent->action是"remove"，则调用unlink(devpath)对设备节点进行删除。