设计模式之观察者模式(Observer)

优点：
1、目标和观察者之间松耦合

#include <iostream>
#include <list>
using namespace std;

//观察者
class Observer
{
public:
    virtual void update(int) = 0;
};

//目标
class Subject
{
public:
    virtual void attach(Observer *) = 0;
    virtual void detach(Observer *) = 0;
    virtual void notify() = 0;
};

//具体观察者1
class ConcreteObserver1 : public Observer
{
public:
    ConcreteObserver1(Subject *subject):_subject(subject){}
    void update(int value)
    {
        cout << "update ConcreteObserver1 state:" << value << endl;
    }

private:
    Subject *_subject;
};

//具体观察者2
class ConcreteObserver2 : public Observer
{
public:
    ConcreteObserver2(Subject *subject):_subject(subject){}
    void update(int value)
    {
        cout << "update ConcreteObserver2 state:" << value << endl;
    }

private:
    Subject *_subject;
};

//具体目标
class ConcreteSubject : public Subject
{
public:
    void attach(Observer *observer)
    {
        _list.push_back(observer);
    }

    void detach(Observer *observer)
    {
        _list.remove(observer);
    }

    void notify()
    {
        list<Observer*>::iterator item = _list.begin();
        while(item != _list.end())
        {
            (*item)->update(_state);
            ++item;
        }
    }

    void setState(int state)
    {
        _state = state;
    }

private:
    list<Observer*> _list;
    int _state;
};

int main()
{
    ConcreteSubject *cSubject = new ConcreteSubject;

    Observer *o1 = new ConcreteObserver1(cSubject);
    Observer *o2 = new ConcreteObserver2(cSubject);

    cSubject->setState(2);

    cSubject->attach(o1);
    cSubject->attach(o2);
    cSubject->notify();

    cSubject->detach(o2);

    cSubject->setState(1);
    cSubject->notify();

    delete cSubject;
    delete o1;
    delete o2;

    return 0;
}